Nacar VS. Nistal G.R. No. L-33006 December 8, 1982 Gutierrez, r., .! "#$%S! %&at &at at 'ario arious us (ate (ates s si)c si)ce e t&e t&e *ear ear 1968 1968,, t&e t&e +sa +sabelo belo Naca Nacarr &as &as i)cu i)curr rre( e( i)(ebte()ess to aita)a i) t&e total sum o 2,/91.00, &ic& sai( amou)t &a( lo) bee) o'er(ue or a*me)t, a)( &ic& +sabelo Nacar u to t&is (ate &as )ot bee) able to a*, (esite reeate( (ema)(s rom t&e reso)(e)t. +sabelo Nacar (ie( last #ril, 19/0 lea'i) amo) ot&er t&i)s erso)al roert* co)sisti) se'e) / &ea(s o carabaos )o i) t&e ossessio) o t&e (ee)(a)t Nica)or Nacar. %o reco'er a sum o mo)e*, reso)(e)t aita)a ile( a comlai)t e)title(, 4$laim aai)st t&e 5state o t&e Late +sabelo Nacar it& relimi)ar* #ttac&me)t4 #ttac&me)t4 aai)st t&e etitio)er etitio)er Nica)or Nacar beore t&e u)icial u)icial $ourt o 5sera)za, 5sera)za, #usa) (el Sur. aita)a aita)a claims t&at Nica)or Nacar Nacar is about to remo'e a)( (isose t&e sai( roert* it& i)te)t to (erau( &im. 7) t&e basis o t&e sai( comlai)t, t&e ro'i)cial s&eri as or(ere( to attac& se'e) / &ea(s o cattle i) ossessio) o t&e etitio)er, alt&ou& actuall* o)l* our carabaos ere attac&e(. $laimi) o)ers&i o t&e attac&e( carabaos, #)to)io Dolorico) Dolorico) ile( a comlai)t comlai)t i) i)ter'e)tio). i)ter'e)tio). etitio)er etitio)er Nacars motio) to (ismiss, to (isso (issol'e l'e rit rit o attac attac&me &me)t )t a)( a)( to or(er or(er t&e retur) retur) o t&e seize seize( ( carab carabaos aos,, as, as, uo) uo) oositio) o aita)a, (e)ie( b* t&e reso)(e)t court. :e)ce t&is i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5uris(ictio). :5LD! %&e court &el( t&at reso)(e)t aita)a &as )o cause o actio) aai)st etitio)er Nacar. Nacar. #lt&ou& #lt&ou& reso)(e)t aita)a ma* &a'e a leal ri&t to reco'er a) i)(ebte()ess (ue &im, etitio)er Nica)or Nacar &as )o correlati'e leal (ut* to a* t&e (ebt or t&e simle reaso) t&at t&ere is )ot&i) i) t&e comlai)t to s&o t&at &e i)curre( t&e (ebt or &a( a)*t&i) to (o is& t&e creatio) o t&e liabilit*. +t oul( seem t&at t&e mai) urose o t&e ri'ate reso)(e)ts i) ili) $i'il $ase No. 6? as to attac& t&e se'e) carabaos o)e( b* +sabelo Nacar Nacar.. # case case &a( &a( to be ile( ile( i) or(er or(er to >usti >usti* * t&e t&e issua issua)c )ce e o a rit rit o attac attac&me &me)t. )t. ;)ortu)atel*, sai( reme(* ma* )ot be alloe(. %&e carabaos, i reall* o)e( b* +sabelo Nacar, Nacar, ertai)e( to &is estate uo) &is (eat&. %&e claim o t&e ri'ate reso)(e)ts reso)(e)ts ma* o)l* be satisie( b* a 'olu)tar* act o) t&e art o t&e &eirs o +sabelo Nacar, or ursue( i) t&e aroriate settleme)t rocee(i)s. # mu)icial court ma* )ot e)tertai) suc& a rocee(i), it )ot bei) 'este(, u)(er t&e la t&e) i) orce, it& robate >uris(ictio).
#)(erso) VS. er@i)s G.R. No. L-1?388 a)uar* 31, 1961 Re*es, .A.L., .! "#$%S! 7) a* 10, 19?6, Dora er@i)s #)(erso) etitio)e( or t&e robate o t&e suose( last ill a)( testame)t o t&e late 5ue)e #rt&ur er@i)s, &o (ie( i) a)ila o) #ril 28, 19?6 allee(l* ossesse( o erso)al a)( real roerties it& a robable 'alue o ?,000,000. 7) t&e same (ate o t&e ili) o t&e etitio), etitio)er Dora er@i)s #)(erso) also ile( a) ure)t etitio) or t&e aoi)tme)t o #lo)so o)ce 5)rile as secial a(mi)istrator o t&e estate, a)( o) t&e same (a*, t&e court issue( a) or(er aoi)ti) #lo)so o)ce 5)rile as suc& secial a(mi)istrator. 7) ul* 9, 19?6, +(o)a& Sla(e er@i)s, sur'i'i) souse o t&e (ecease(, oose( to t&e robate o t&e ill rese)te( b* etitio)er Dora er@i)s #)(erso). 7) Setember 28, 19?6, t&e secial a(mi)istrator submitte( a) i)'e)tor* o all t&e assets, &ic& &a'e come to &is @)ole(e as belo)i) to t&e (ecease( 5ue)e #rt&ur er@i)s at t&e time o &is (eat&. 7) Setember , 19?8, t&e secial a(mi)istrator ile( a etitio) see@i) aut&orit* to sell at ublic auctio) certai) erso)al roerties let b* t&e (ecease(. 7) ul* 9, 19?6, +(o)a& Sla(e er@i)s oose( t&e roose( sale sa*i) t&at 1 most o t&e roerties sou&t to be sol( ere co)>ual roerties o &ersel a)( &er (ecease( &usba)(B a)( 2 t&at u)aut&orize( remo'als o i)e ieces o ur)iture belo)i) to t&e estate &a( bee) ma(e. %&e loer court ra)te( t&e roose( sale. :e)ce, t&is aeal. +SS;5ual art)ers&i liCui(ate(, or at least, a) areeme)t be reac&e( it& aella)t as to &ic& roerties o t&e co)>ual art)ers&i s&e oul( )ot mi)( bei) sol( to reser'e t&eir 'alue t&e sale oul( be remature.
V(a. (e Re*es, et al. VS. $ourt o #eals Gar(iola G.R. No. 9236 ul* 26, 1991 Da'i(e, r.! "#$%S! Duri) &is lietime, o)e Ga'i)o Re*es o)e( a arcel o la)( i) $armo)a, $a'ite. :e sou&t to bri) sai( la)( u)(er t&e oeratio) o t&e %orre)s S*stem o reistratio) o roert*. ;)ortu)atel*, &e (ie( i) 1921 it&out t&e title &a'i) bee) issue( to &im. %&e alicatio) as rosecute( b* &is so), arcelo Re*es, &o as t&e a(mi)istrator o &is roert*. +) 1936 t&e sai( roert* as sur'e*e( a)( sub(i'i(e( &erei) to lots ere allotte( to Raael Re*es, Sr., o)e o Ga'i)os c&il(re). +) 191, t&e orii)al certiicate o title or t&e &ole roert* as issue( a)( as @et b* ua) oblete, so)-i) la o arcelo Re*es, &o as b* t&e) alrea(* (ecease(. %&e &eirs o Ga'i)o ere )ot aare o t&is act. 7) 3 December 193, Raael Re*es, Sr. sol( a arcel o la)( to ri'ate reso)(e)t Dalmacio Gar(iola. %&e 'e)(ee imme(iatel* too@ ossessio) o t&e roert*. +) 19? or t&ereabouts, ua) oblete 4re'ali(ate(4 t&e orii)al $ertiicate o %itle. +)196/, &e) t&e &eirs o Ga'i)o Re*es eEecute( a Dee( o 5Etra>u(icial Settleme)t o 5state &erei) t&e lot t&at as i)te)(e( or Raael Re*es, Sr. as i)stea( a(>u(icate( to &is o)l* so) a)( &eir, Raael Re*es, r. ri'ate reso)(e)t Rosario artilla)o si)e( t&e (ee( i) rerese)tatio) o &er mot&er, arta Re*es, o)e o t&e c&il(re) o Ga'i)o Re*es. #s a result o t&e 5Etra>u(icial Settleme)t, t&e orii)al certiicate as ca)celle( a)( i) lieu t&ereo, se'eral tra)ser certiicates o title co'eri) t&e sub(i'i(e( lots ere issue( i) t&e )ames o t&e resecti'e a(>u(icatees. %&e %$%s ere, &oe'er, @et b* o)e $a)(i(o :ebro). +) 1969, some o t&e &eirs o Ga'i)o Re*es ile( a case o #))ulme)t o artitio) a)( Reco'er* o ossessio) beore t&e $"+ o $a'ite $it*. 7)e o t&e (ee)(a)ts i) sai( case is ri'ate reso)(e)t Rosario artilla)o. %&e case as (ismisse( but :ebro) as or(ere( b* t&e trial court to (eli'er to t&e &eirs co)cer)e( all t&e tra)ser certiicates o title i) &is ossessio). 7) 1 arc& 1983, etitio)ers &erei), as successors-i)-i)terest o Raael Re*es, r., ile( it& t&e Reio)al %rial $ourt a case aai)st Gar(iola or reco'er* o ossessio) or, i) t&e alter)ati'e, or i)(em)iicatio), accou)ti) a)( (amaes. %&e trial court rule( i) a'or o t&e Re*es &eirs. %&e $ourt o #eals re'erse( t&e sai( (ecisio) a)( &el( t&at t&e 5Etra>u(icial Settleme)t o 5state eEecute( b* t&e ra)(c&il(re) o t&e late Ga'i)o Re*es i) 196/ is o )o mome)t co)si(eri) t&at t&e roert* sub>ect o t&e artitio) i) t&e (ee( as alrea(* artitio)e( i) 1936 b* t&e c&il(re) o Ga'i)o Re*es. :e)ce, t&is etitio). +SS;5! =&et&er or )ot etitio)ers are t&e o)ers o t&e lot sol( to Gar(iola. :5LD! %&e ri&ts to t&e successio) are tra)smitte( rom t&e mome)t o (eat& o t&e (ece(e)t. %&e estate o t&e (ece(e)t oul( t&e) be &el( i) co-o)ers&i b* t&e &eirs. etitio)ers, as mere successors-i)-i)terest o Raael Re*es, r., so) o Raael Re*es, Sr., ca) o)l* acCuire t&at &ic& Rafael, Jr. coul( tra)smit to t&em uo) &is (eat&. %&e latter )e'er became t&e o)er o Lot No. 1-#-1 because it as sol( b* &is at&er i) 193. %&e issua)ce o %$% No. %-2/2?/ i) t&e )ame o Raael Re*es, r., i) so ar as Lot No. 1-1-# is co)cer)e(, as clearl* erro)eous because &e )e'er became its o)er. #) eEtra>u(icial settleme)t (oes )ot create a ri&t i) a'or o a) &eir. #s t&is $ourt state( i) t&e Barcelona case, it is but a
co)irmatio) or ratiicatio) o title or ri&t to roert*. %&us, si)ce &e )e'er &a( a)* title or ri&t to Lot No. 1-1-#, t&e mere eEecutio) o t&e settleme)t (i( )ot imro'e &is co)(itio), a)( t&e subseCue)t reistratio) o t&e (ee( (i( )ot create a)* ri&t or 'est a)* title o'er t&e roert* i) a'or o t&e etitio)ers as &eirs o Raael Re*es, r. %&e latter ca))ot i'e t&em &at &e )e'er &a( beore. Nemo dare potest quod non habet .FFF
Suarez, et al. VS. $ourt o #eals Ra*mu)(o G.R. No. 9918 Setember 2, 1992 Noco), .! "#$%S! etitio)ers are brot&ers a)( sisters. %&eir at&er (ie( i) 19?? a)( si)ce t&e) &is estate co)sisti) o se'eral 'aluable arcels o la)( i) asi, etro a)ila &as bee) liCui(ate( or artitio)e(. +) 19//, i) a case aai)st etitio)ers i(oe( mot&er a)( Rizal Realt* $ororatio) &ic& became i)al a)( eEecutor*, i'e ? 'aluable arcel o la)( i) asi, etro a)ila, ort& to be millio)s t&e) ere le'ie( a)( sol( o) eEecutio) o) u)e 2, 1983 i) a'or o t&e ri'ate reso)(e)ts Ra*mu)(o as t&e &i&est bi((er. ri'ate reso)(e)ts ere t&e) issue( a certiicate o sale &ic& as subseCue)tl* reistere( or #uust 1, 1983. 7) u)e 21, 198 beore t&e eEiratio) o t&e re(emtio) erio(, etitio)ers ile( a rei)'i)(icator* actio) allei), amo) ot&ers, t&at bei) stra)ers to t&e case (eci(e( aai)st t&eir mot&er, t&e* ca))ot be &el( liable t&ereor a)( t&at t&e i'e ? arcels o la)(, o &ic& t&e* are co-o)ers, ca) )eit&er be le'ie( )or sol( o) eEecutio). %&e ro'i)cial S&eri o Rizal issue( to ri'ate reso)(e)ts a i)al (ee( o sale o'er t&e roerties. +) 198?, a rit o relimi)ar* i)>u)ctio) as issue( e)>oi)i) ri'ate reso)(e)ts rom tra)serri) to t&ir( arties t&e le'ie( arcels o la)( base( o) t&e i)(i) t&at t&e auctio)e( la)(s are co-o)e( b* etitio)ers. %&e R%$ ra)te( t&e reso)(e)ts motio) to (ismiss o) t&e rou)( o ailure to rosecute. :oe'er it as subseCue)tl* lite( b* t&e same court. %&e $ourt o #eals t&e) ra)te( Ra*mu)(os aeal see@i) to a))ul t&e or(er o t&e loer court. :e)ce, t&is aeal. +SS;5ect to t&e ri&ts o illeitimate c&il(re) a)( o t&e sur'i'i) souse as &erei)ater ro'i(e(.4 #rticle 892, ar. 2 li@eise ro'i(es! 4+ t&ere are to or more leitimate c&il(re) or (esce)(a)ts, t&e sur'i'i) souse s&all be e)title( to a ortio) eCual to t&e leitime o eac& o t&e leitimate c&il(re) or (esce)(a)ts.4 "rom t&e oreoi), t&e leitime o t&e sur'i'i) souse is eCual to t&e leitime o eac& c&il(. %&e rorietar* i)terest o etitio)ers i) t&e le'ie( a)( auctio)e( roert* is (iere)t rom a)( a('erse to t&at o t&eir mot&er. etitio)ers became co-o)ers o t&e roert* )ot because o t&eir mot&er but t&rou& t&eir o) ri&t as c&il(re) o t&eir (ecease( at&er. %&ereore, etitio)ers are )ot barre( i) a)* a* rom i)stituti) t&e actio) to a))ul t&e auctio) sale to rotect t&eir o) i)terest. :e)ce, t&e (ecisio) is &ereb* re'erse( a)( t&e case or t&e a))ulme)t o auctio) sale is rei)state( o)l* to (etermi)e t&at ortio) &ic& belo)s to etitio)ers a)( to a))ul t&e sale it& rear( to sai( ortio).
$o)sta)ti)o VS. $ourt o #eals RoCue G.R. No. 116018 No'ember 13, 1996 Aellosillo, .! "#$%S! osea %orres (ie( i)testate lea'i) a arcel o la)( locate( at Aalatas, Aulaca). #mo) &er &eirs are reso)(e)ts #urora S. RoCue, riscilla S. Lu)a a)( osei)a S. #ustria. Sometime i) 198, t&e &eirs o osea %orres sol( a arcel o la)( to etitio)er Nelia #. $o)sta)ti)o. %&e lot, o)e( i) commo) b* t&e %orres &eirs, is bei) occuie( b* etitio)ers mot&er a)( sister. #) a(>oi)i) lot, also co-o)e( b* t&e &eirs, is bei) occuie( b* souses Se'eri)o a)( $o)suelo Lim. ursua)t to t&eir areeme)t, t&e &eirs aut&orize( etitio)er to reare t&e )ecessar* Deed of Extrajudicial Settlement of Estate with Sale . #ter &a'i) t&e (ocume)t (rate( it& se'eral saces let bla)@ i)clu(i) t&e seciicatio) as to t&e metes a)( bou)(s o t&e la)( etitio)er as@e( t&e &eirs to aiE t&eir si)atures o) t&e (ocume)t. %&e &eirs si)e( t&e (ocume)t it& t&e u)(ersta)(i) t&at reso)(e)t #urora S. RoCue, o)e o t&e &eirs, oul( be rese)t &e) t&e latter oul( see@ ermissio) rom t&e Aureau o La)(s a)( &a'e t&e la)( sur'e*e(. :oe'er, it&out t&e articiatio) o a)* o t&e %orres &eirs, t&e roert* as subseCue)tl* sur'e*e( a)( sub(i'i(e(. ;o) securi) a co* o t&e (ee( rom t&e Reistr* o Dee(s, t&e reso)(e)ts lear)e( t&at t&e area o t&e roert* urorte(l* sol( to etitio)er as muc& bier t&a) t&at aree( uo) b* t&e arties. +t alrea(* i)clu(e( t&e ortio) bei) occuie( b* t&e souses Se'eri)o a)( $o)suelo Lim. ri'ate reso)(e)ts (ema)(e( t&e surre)(er to t&em o t&e (ee( o settleme)t a)( co)'e*a)ce, t&e sub(i'isio) la) a)( t&e certiicates o titleB but to )o a'ail. +) 1986 reso)(e)ts ile( it& t&e R%$ o Aulaca) a) actio) or a))ulme)t o t&e (ee( a)( ca)cellatio) o t&e certiicates o title, it& ra*er or reco'er* o (amaes, attor)e*s ees a)( costs o suit, &ic& as ra)te( b* sai( court. Sai( (ecisio) as airme( t&e sai( (ecisio). :e)ce, t&e i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5
:eirs o Hati)c&a* VS. Del Rosario G.R. No. 12320 arc& 2, 1999 urisima, .! "#$%S! etitio)ers claim t&at t&e* are t&e leal &eirs o t&e late Gui(o a)( +sabelHati)c&a*, t&e o)ers-claima)ts o a lot i) Aa)cal, $armo)a, $a'ite. +)199, etitio)ers eEecute( a) 5Etra-u(icial Settleme)t o t&e estate o t&e (ecease( Gui(o a)( +sabel Hati)c&a*. etitio)ers (isco'ere( t&at a ortio), i )ot all, o t&e aoresai( roerties ere title( i) t&e )ame o reso)(e)t Gol(e) Aa* Realt* a)( De'elome)t $ororatio). =it& t&e (isco'er* o &at &ae)e( to sub>ect arcels o la)(, etitio)ers ile( a comlai)t aai)st Gol(e) Aa* beore t&e Reio)al %rial $ourt i) +mus, $a'ite. ;o) lear)i) t&at 4Gol(e) Aa*4 sol( ortio)s o t&e arcels o la)( i) Cuestio), etitio)ers ile( it& t&e 4R%$4 a) #me)(e( $omlai)t to imlea( )e a)( a((itio)al (ee)(a)ts a)( to me)tio) t&e %$%s to be a))ulle(. Aut t&e reso)(e)t court (ismisse( t&e #me)(e( $omlai)t but later alloe( suc&. %&e ri'ate reo)(e)ts mo'e( to (ismiss suc& o) t&e rou)(s, amo) ot&ers, t&at lai)tis &a'e )ot establis&e( t&eir status as &eirs. %&e loer court ra)te( suc& (ismissal. :e)ce, t&is i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5
Ra*mu)(o VS. V(a. (e Suarez G.R. No. 1901/ No'ember 28, 2008 Nac&ura, .! "#$%S! arcelo a)( %eoista +sao) Suarez marriae as blesse( it& bot& material ealt& a)( roe)* i) &erei) reso)(e)ts. Sai( souse acCuire( )umerous roerties. #ter t&e (eat& o arcelo Sr. i) 19??, %eoista a)( &erei) reso)(e)ts, as ell as 5li(io Suarez, eEecute( a) 5Etra>u(icial Settleme)t o sai( 5state. 7) t&e &ole, aart rom t&ose )o o)e( eEclusi'el* b* %eoista, all t&e roerties ere &el( pro indiiso b* %eoista a)( &er c&il(re)B a)( resecti'e titles t&ereto ere )ot c&a)e(, it& %eoista as de factoa(mi)istrator t&ereo. +) 19//, i) a case aai)st %eoista a)( Rizal Realt* $ororatio) &ic& became i)al a)( eEecutor*, i'e ? 'aluable arcel o la)( i) asi, etro a)ila, ort& to be millio)s t&e) ere le'ie( a)( sol( o) eEecutio) o) u)e 2, 1983 i) a'or o t&e Ra*mu)(o as t&e &i&est bi((er. etitio)er Ra*mu)(o ere t&e) issue( a certiicate o sale &ic& as subseCue)tl* reistere( or #uust 1, 1983. 7) u)e 21, 198 beore t&e eEiratio) o t&e re(emtio) erio(, ri'ate reso)(e)ts Suarez ile( a rei)'i)(icator* actio) allei), amo) ot&ers, t&at bei) stra)ers to t&e case (eci(e( aai)st t&eir mot&er, t&e* ca))ot be &el( liable t&ereor a)( t&at t&e i'e ? arcels o la)(, o &ic& t&e* are co-o)ers, ca) )eit&er be le'ie( )or sol( o) eEecutio). %&e ro'i)cial S&eri o Rizal issue( to Ra*mu)(o a i)al (ee( o sale o'er t&e roerties. +) 198?, a rit o relimi)ar* i)>u)ctio) as issue( e)>oi)i) Ra*mu)(o rom tra)serri) to t&ir( arties t&e le'ie( arcels o la)( base( o) t&e i)(i) t&at t&e auctio)e( la)(s are co-o)e( b* Suarezes. %&e R%$ ra)te( t&e Ra*mu)(os motio) to (ismiss o) t&e rou)( o ailure to rosecute. :oe'er it as subseCue)tl* lite( b* t&e same court. %&e $ourt o #eals t&e) ra)te( Ra*mu)(os aeal see@i) to a))ul t&e or(er o t&e loer court. %&e Sureme $ourt &oe'er re'erse( t&e $#s (ecisio). %&e (ecisio) is t&ereb* re'erse( a)( t&e case or t&e a))ulme)t o auctio) sale is rei)state( o)l* to (etermi)e t&at ortio) &ic& belo)s to etitio)ers a)( to a))ul t&e sale it& rear( to sai( ortio). etitio)er Vale)te i)sists t&at, olloi) our ruli) i) "eirs of #aptincha$ . Del Rosario, &erei) reso)(e)ts must irst be (eclare( &eirs o arcelo Sr. beore t&e* ca) ile a) actio) to a))ul t&e >u(icial sale o &at is, u)(isute(l*, co)>ual roert* o %eoista a)( arcelo Sr. +SS;5u(icial sale. :5LD! 7ur ruli) i) "eirs of #aptincha$ is )ot alicable. :erei) reso)(e)ts status as leitimate c&il(re) o arcelo Sr. a)( %eoista a)( t&us, arcelo Sr.s &eirs &as bee) irml* establis&e(, a)( co)irme( b* t&is $ourt i) Suare% . &ourt of 'ppeals. %rue, t&is $ourt is )ot a trier o acts, but as t&e i)al arbiter o (isutes, e ou)( a)( so rule( t&at &erei) reso)(e)ts are c&il(re), a)( &eirs o t&eir (ecease( at&er, arcelo Sr. %&is &a'i) bee) settle(, it s&oul( )o lo)er &a'e bee) a litiate( issue &e) e or(ere( a rema)( to t&e loer court. +) s&ort, etitio)er Vale)tes, Violetas, Viri)ias, a)( aria $o)cecio)s rerese)tatio) i) t&e R%$ t&at our ruli) i) Suare% reCuire( &erei) reso)(e)ts to rese)t e'i(e)ce o t&eir ailiatio) it& t&e (ecease(, arcelo Sr., is ro).
De'elome)t Aa)@ o t&e &ilii)es VS. Gaara)i G.R. No. 1/228 Setember 1/, 2008 $oro)a, .! "#$%S! %&e souses Dio)esio a)( atea S. #so@ o)e( se'eral arcels o la)(. ;o) t&eir (eat& t&eir ele'e) c&il(re) i)&erite( t&e roerties. 7)e o t&e la)(s i)&erite( as a lot, a ree ate)t issue( o) ul* 19, 196/, locate( i) isamis 7rie)tal. ursua)t to t&e eEtra>u(icial settleme)t o t&e estate it& Cuitclaim eEecute( b* t&e souses c&il(re), t&e sub>ect roert* as i)&erite( b* De)iso) #so@ #so@ a)( it as t&e) reistere( to &is )ame. 7) #uust 31, 1989, #so@ a)( &is ie, reso)(e)t 5lla Gaara)i #so@, borroe( 100,000 rom etitio)er DA. %&e* mortae( t&e sub>ect lot as collateral to uara)tee a*me)t o t&e loa). 7) (ue (ate, &oe'er, t&e* aile( to a* t&e loa) a)( t&e mortae as eEtra>u(iciall* oreclose(. etitio)er emere( as t&e &i&est bi((er. # certiicate o sale as issue( a)( reistere( i) a'or o etitio)er. ea)&ile, #so@ (ie( o) 7ctober 2, 1993 a)( as succee(e( b* &is sur'i'i) souse a)( c&il(re) reso)(e)ts. 7) a* 1?, 1998, reso)(e)ts ile( a comlai)t or reurc&ase aai)st etitio)er i) t&e Reio)al %rial $ourt FFF i)'o@i) t&eir ri&t to reurc&ase t&e roert* it&i) a erio( o ? *ears rom t&e (ate o co)'e*a)ce u)(er Sec. 119 o $# 11, as ame)(e(. %& R%$ (ismisse( t&e comlai)t. +t rule( t&at t&e o)e-*ear erio( or re(emtio) s&oul( be rec@o)e( rom t&e (ate o sale, i.e., No'ember 28, 1991. %&e) t&e i'e-*ear erio( ro'i(e( u)(er Sec. 119 o $# 11 s&oul( be cou)te( rom t&e eEiratio) o t&e re(emtio) erio(, i.e., No'ember 28, 1992. :oe'er, si)ce t&e comlai)t as ile( o) a* 1?, 1998 it is t&ereore be*o)( t&e rescribe( erio( . %&e $ourt o #eals re'erse( sai( (ecisio) &ol(i) t&at t&e erio( o re(emtio) starte( rom t&e (ate o reistratio) o t&e certiicate o sale, i.e., December 2, 1992, a)( )ot rom t&e (ate o sale. #lso, etitio)er arues t&at reso)(e)ts are )ot t&e leal &eirs o t&e ate)tees because reso)(e)ts are merel* t&eir (au&ter-i)-la a)( ra)(c&il(re). :e)ce, t&is i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5u(icial oreclosures u)(er #ct 313?, t&e (ebtor or &is or &er successors-i)-i)terest ma* re(eem t&e roert* it&i) o)e *ear. %&is re(emtio) erio( s&oul( be rec@o)e( rom t&e (ate o reistratio) o t&e certiicate o sale. :ere, t&e certiicate o sale as reistere( o) December 2, 1992 a)( t&e o)e-*ear re(emtio) erio( eEire( o) December 2, 1993. Rec@o)e( rom t&at (a*, reso)(e)ts &a(
a i'e-*ear erio(, or u)til December 2, 1998, to eEercise t&eir ri&t to reurc&ase u)(er Sec. 119 o $# 11. Si)ce t&e comlai)t as ile( o) a* 1?, 1998 it is t&ereore it&i) t&e rescribe( erio( .
Sama)ieo-$ela(a VS. #be)a G.R. No. 1??? u)e 30, 2008 Iuisumbi), .! "#$%S! etitio)er az Sama)ieo-$ela(a as t&e irst cousi) o (ece(e)t ararita S. a*ores ararita &ile reso)(e)t as t&e (ece(e)ts lielo) coma)io) si)ce 1929. 7) #ril 2/, 198/, ararita (ie( si)le a)( it&out a)* asce)(i) )or (esce)(i) &eirs as &er are)ts, ra)(are)ts a)( sibli)s re(ecease( &er. S&e as sur'i'e( b* &er irst cousi)s $atali)a Sama)ieo-Aomba*, a)uelita Sama)ieo Sa>o)ia, "eliza Sama)ieo, a)( etitio)er. Aeore &er (eat&, ararita eEecute( a Last =ill a)( %estame)t o) "ebruar* 2, 198/ &ere s&e beCueat&e( o)e-&al o &er u)(i'i(e( s&are o a real roert* locate( at Si)alo) a)ila, to reso)(e)t, Norma #. a&i)alo, a)( "lore)ti)o . #be)a i) eCual s&ares or o)e-t&ir( ortio) eac&. S&e li@eise beCueat&e( o)e-&al o &er u)(i'i(e( s&are o a real roert* locate( at Sa) #)to)io Villae, a@ati, to reso)(e)t, +sabelo . #be)a, a)( #ma)(a . #be)a i) eCual s&ares or o)e-t&ir( ortio) eac&. ararita also let all &er erso)al roerties to reso)(e)t &om s&e li@eise (esi)ate( as sole eEecutor o &er ill.FF7) #uust 11, 198/, etitio)er ile( a etitio) or letters o a(mi)istratio) o t&e estate o ararita beore t&e R%$ o a@ati. 7) 7ctober 2/, 198/, reso)(e)t ile( a etitio) or robate o t&e ill o ararita beore t&e R%$ o a@ati, &ic& later alloe( suc& robate. %&e $ourt o #eals airme( sai( (ecisio). :e)ce, t&e i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5ect ill. %&e ositio) o t&e court is i) co)so)a)ce it& t&e 4(octri)e o liberal i)terretatio)4 e)u)ciate( i) #rticle 809 o t&e $i'il $o(e &ic& rea(s! 4+) t&e abse)ce o ba( ait&, orer* or rau(, or u)(ue Ja)(K imroer ressure a)( i)lue)ce, (eects a)( imerectio)s i) t&e orm o attestatio) or i) t&e la)uae use( t&erei) s&all )ot re)(er t&e ill i)'ali( i it is ro'e( t&at t&e ill as i) act eEecute( a)( atteste( i) substa)tial comlia)ce it& all t&e reCuireme)ts o #rticle 80?.4 5'i(e)ce s&os t&at t&e testator as aiEi) &er si)ature i) t&e rese)ce o t&e i)strume)tal it)esses a)( t&e )otar*. %&ere is )o e'i(e)ce to s&o t&at t&e irst si)ature as rocure( earlier t&a) "ebruar* 2, 198/. %&e court i)(s t&at )o ressure )or u)(ue i)lue)ce as eEerte( o) t&e testator to eEecute t&e sub>ect ill. :e)ce, t&e ill is 'ali(.
Lee VS. %ambao #.$. No. ?281 "ebruar* 12, 2008 $oro)a, .! "#$%S! +) a letter-comlai)t (ate( #ril 10, 2000, comlai)a)t a)uel L. Lee c&are( reso)(e)t #tt*. Rei)o A. %ambao it& 'iolatio) o t&e Notarial La a)( t&e et&ics o t&e leal roessio) or )otarizi) a surious last ill a)( testame)t. $omlai)a)t a'erre( t&at &is at&er, t&e (ece(e)t Vice)te Lee, Sr., )e'er eEecute( t&e co)teste( ill. "urt&ermore, t&e surious ill co)tai)e( t&e ore( si)atures o $a*eta)o No*)a* a)( Loreto Gra>o, t&e urorte( it)esses to its eEecutio). +) t&e sai( ill, t&e (ece(e)t suose(l* beCueat&e( &is e)tire estate to &is ie Lim :oc@ Lee, sa'e or a arcel o la)( &ic& &e (e'ise( to Vice)te Lee, r. a)( 5le)a Lee, &al-sibli)s o comlai)a)t. %&e ill as urorte(l* eEecute( a)( ac@)ole(e( beore reso)(e)t o) u)e 30, 196?. $omlai)a)t, &oe'er, oi)te( out t&at t&e resi(e)ce certiicate o t&e testator )ote( i) t&e ac@)ole(me)t o t&e ill as (ate( a)uar* ?, 1962. "urt&ermore, t&e si)ature o t&e testator as )ot t&e same as &is si)ature as (o)or i) a (ee( o (o)atio) co)tai)i) &is urorte( e)ui)e si)ature. $omlai)a)t a'erre( t&at t&e si)atures o &is (ecease( at&er i) t&e ill a)( i) t&e (ee( o (o)atio) ere 'ar*i). $omlai)a)t also Cuestio)e( t&e abse)ce o )otatio) o t&e resi(e)ce certiicates o t&e urorte( it)esses No*)a* a)( Gra>o. :e allee( t&at t&eir si)atures &a( li@eise bee) ore( a)( merel* coie( rom t&eir resecti'e 'oters ai(a'its. $omlai)a)t urt&er asserte( t&at )o co* o suc& urorte( ill as o) ile i) t&e arc&i'es (i'isio) o t&e Recor(s a)aeme)t a)( #rc&i'es 7ice o t&e Natio)al $ommissio) or $ulture a)( t&e #rts N$$#. %&is case as reerre( to t&e +)terate( Aar o t&e &ilii)es +A &erei) t&e i)'estiati) commissio)er ou)( reso)(e)t uilt* o 'iolatio) o erti)e)t ro'isio)s o t&e ol( Notarial La as ou)( i) t&e Re'ise( #(mi)istrati'e $o(e. %&e 'iolatio) co)stitute( a) i)ri)eme)t o t&e $o(e o roessio)al Reso)sibilit* $R. %&us, t&e i)'estiati) commissio)er o t&e +A $ommissio) o) Aar Discili)e recomme)(e( t&e suse)sio) o reso)(e)t or a erio( o t&ree mo)t&s. %&e +A Aoar( o Go'er)ors airme( it& mo(iicatio) t&e sai( recomme)(atio). %ambao is t&ereb* suse)(e( rom t&e ractice o la or o)e *ear a)( Reso)(e)ts )otarial commissio) is Revoked and Disqualified rom reaoi)tme)t as Notar* ublic or to 2 *ears. +SS;5o. %&e $i'il $o(e li@eise reCuires t&at a ill must be ac@)ole(e( beore a )otar* ublic b* t&e testator a)( t&e it)esses. %&e imorta)ce o t&is reCuireme)t is &i&li&te( b* t&e act t&at it as sereate( rom t&e ot&er reCuireme)ts u)(er #rticle 80? a)( embo(ie( i) a (isti)ct a)( searate ro'isio). # cursor* eEami)atio) o t&e ac@)ole(me)t o t&e ill i) Cuestio) s&os t&at t&is articular reCuireme)t as )eit&er strictl* )or substa)tiall* comlie( it&. "or o)e, t&ere as t&e co)sicuous abse)ce o a )otatio) o t&e resi(e)ce certiicates o t&e )otarial it)esses
No*)a* a)( Gra>o i) t&e ac@)ole(me)t. Similarl*, t&e )otatio) o t&e testators ol( resi(e)ce certiicate i) t&e same ac@)ole(me)t as a clear breac& o t&e la. Reso)(e)t, as )otar* ublic, e'i(e)tl* aile( i) t&e erorma)ce o t&e eleme)tar* (uties o &is oice. $o)trar* to &is claims t&at &e 4eEercise( &is (uties as Notar* ublic it& (ue care a)( it& (ue rear( to t&e ro'isio) o eEisti) la a)( &a( comlie( it& t&e eleme)tar* ormalities i) t&e erorma)ce o &is (uties . . .,4 e i)( t&at &e acte( 'er* irreso)sibl* i) )otarizi) t&e ill i) Cuestio).
Da)ilo #lua( VS. e)ai(o #lua( G.R. No. 1/693 7ctober 1/, 2008 $ario-orales, ,! "#$%S! etitio)ers mot&er, aria #lua( aria, a)( reso)(e)t e)ai(o #lua( ere raise( b* t&e c&il(less souses atil(e #lua( atil(e a)( $risi) #lua( $risi). $risi) as t&e o)er o siE lots i(e)tiie( as Lot Nos. 6/, 6/?, 6/6, 6//, 680, a)( 682 o t&e ilar $a(astre, $aiz. #ter $risi) (ie(, &is ie atil(e a(>u(icate( t&e lots to &ersel. 7) No'ember 1, 1981, atil(e eEecute( a (ocume)t e)title( 4Dee( o Do)atio) o Real roert* +)ter Vi'os4 Dee( o Do)atio) i) a'or o etitio)ers mot&er aria co'eri) all t&e siE lots &ic& atil(e i)&erite( rom &er &usba)( $risi). %&e Dee( o Do)atio) ro'i(e( t&at it is 4...to become eecti'e uo) t&e (eat& o t&e D7N7R, but i) t&e e'e)t t&at t&e D7N55 s&oul( (ie beore t&e D7N7R, t&e rese)t (o)atio) s&all be (eeme( resci)(e( a)( JoK )o urt&er orce a)( eectB ro'i(e(, &oe'er, t&at a)*time (uri) t&e lietime o t&e D7N7R or a)*o)e o t&em &o s&oul( sur'i'e, t&e* coul( useJ,K e)cumber or e'e) (isose o a)* or e'e) all o t&e arcels o la)( &erei) (o)ate(.4 7) Setember 30, 1986, 7rii)al $ertiicates o %itle o'er Lot Nos. 6/ a)( 6/6 ere issue( i) atil(es )ame. 7) #uust 26, 1991, atil(e sol( Lot No. 6/6 to reso)(e)t b* a Dee( o #bsolute Sale o Real roert*. SubseCue)tl* or o) a)uar* 1, 1992, atil(e eEecute( a last ill a)( testame)t, (e'isi) Lot Nos. 6/?, 6//, 682, a)( 680 to aria, a)( &er 4remai)i) roerties4 i)clu(i) Lot No. 6/ to reso)(e)t. atil(e (ie( o) a)uar* 2?, 199, &ile aria (ie( o) Setember 2 o t&e same *ear. 7) #uust 21, 199?, arias &eirs-&erei) etitio)ers ile( beore t&e Reio)al %rial $ourt R%$ o RoEas $it* a $omlai)t, or (eclaratio) a)( reco'er* o o)ers&i a)( ossessio) o Lot Nos. 6/ a)( 6/6. %&e %rial court &el( t&at atil(e coul( )ot &a'e tra)smitte( a)* ri&t o'er Lot Nos. 6/ a)( 6/6 to reso)(e)t, s&e &a'i) re'iousl* alie)ate( t&em to aria 'ia t&e Dee( o Do)atio). %&e $ourt o #eals re'erse( t&e trial courts (ecisio), it &ol(i) t&at t&e Dee( o Do)atio) as actuall* a (o)atio) mortis causa, )ot inter ios, a)( as suc& it &a( to, but (i( )ot, coml* it& t&e ormalities o a ill. :e)ce, t&is i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5ect o course to t&e Cualiicatio) t&at &er atil(es ill must be robate(. =it& resect to Lot No. 6/6, t&e same &a(, as me)tio)e( earlier, bee) sol( b* atil(e to reso)(e)t o) #uust 26, 1991.
5state o t&e (ecease( Victori)a Villara)(a. Lim VS. $&i)co G.R. No. 33?92 arc& 31, 1931 Street, .! "#$%S! Victori)a Villara)(a, as a resi(e)t o e*caua*a), ro'i)ce o Aulaca), a)( as about 80 *ears o ae at t&e time o &er (eat&. 7) t&e mor)i) o u)e 2, 1929, s&e as stric@e) it& aoleE*, i)ci(e)t to cerebral &emorr&ae, a)( as ta@e) i) a) u)co)scious co)(itio), seate( i) a c&air, to &er room. 7) u)e ?, 1929, s&e as brou&t to t&e &osital o Sa) ua) (e Dios i) a)ila. s&e (ie( our (a*s later. %&e urorte( ill, &ic& is t&e sub>ect o t&is rocee(i), as reare( b* #tt*. erecto Gabriel. 7) u)e ?, 1929, #tt*. Gabriel e)t i)to a room a(>ace)t to t&at occuie( b* t&e atie)t a)(, too@ a s&eet rom a) eEercise boo@, rote t&e ill. :e t&e) too@ it i)to t&e sic@ room or eEecutio). +) t&e e)( t&ree erso)s ser'e( as it)esses, a)( to relati'es o &is ie. %&e i)te)(e( testatriE as )ot able to aiE &er si)ature to t&e (ocume)t, a)( it as si)e( or &er b* t&e attor)e*. %&e (ecease( let )o (esce)(a)ts or asce)(a)ts, a)( t&e (ocume)t ro(uce( as &er ill urorts to lea'e &er estate, co)sisti) o roerties 'alue( at ?0,000, more or less, c&iel* to t&ree collateral relati'es, 5usebia, $risi)a, a)( aria, o t&e sur)ame o Lim. %&is i)strume)t as oere( or robate b* 5usebia Lim, )ame( i) t&e i)strume)t as eEecutriE. 7ositio) as ma(e b* ulia)a $&i)co, a ull sister o t&e (ecease(. ;o) &eari) t&e cause t&e trial court sustai)e( t&e oositio) a)( (isalloe( t&e ill o) t&e rou)( t&at t&e testatriE (i( )ot &a'e testame)tar* caacit* at t&e time t&e i)strume)t urorts to &a'e bee) eEecute( b* &er. "rom t&is >u(me)t t&e roo)e)t o t&e ill aeale(. +SS;5u(e, t&at s&e &a( )ot. %&e roo s&os b* a mar@e( reo)(era)ce t&at t&e (ecease(, o) t&e mor)i) o u)e ?, 1929, as i) a comatose co)(itio) a)( i)caable o erormi) a)* co)scious a)( 'ali( act. %&e attor)e* testiie( t&at &e as able to commu)icate it& t&e (ecease( &e) t&e ill as ma(e, a)( t&at &e rea( t&e i)strume)t o'er to &er clause b* clause a)( as@e( &er &et&er it eEresse( &er is&es. :e sa*s t&at s&e ma(e si)s t&at e)able( &im to u)(ersta)( t&at s&e co)curre( i) &at as ritte). Aut it is clear, e'e) uo) t&e stateme)t o t&is it)ess, t&at t&e atie)t as u)able to utter i)tellie)t seec&. ;o) t&e aut&orit* o err* 's. 5lio 29 &il., 13, t&e aer oere( or robate as roerl* (isalloe(.
Aarrera VS. %amoco G.R. No. L-?263 "ebruar* 1/, 19? aras, .! "#$%S! 7li'a VillaaMa (ie( i) %arlac, %arlac, o) December 13, 198. 7) December 31, 198, a etitio) as ile( b* #usti) Aarrera i) t&e $"+ o %arlac or t&e robate o t&e ill eEecute( b* 7li'a VillaaMa o) ul* 1/, 198, a)( or t&e aoi)tme)t o t&e etitio)er as eEecutor. #ccor(i) to t&e etitio) t&e roerties let b* t&e testatriE are ort& 9,8?2.96, a)( t&e &eirs i)stitute( are )e&es a)( )ieces a)( ra)(c&il(re) i) t&e collateral li)e. ose %amoco a)( Victoria)o %amoco, allee( ra)(c&il(re) o t&e testatriE i) t&e (irect li)e, ile( a) oositio), claimi) t&at t&e ill as )ot eEecute( a)( atteste( i) accor(a)ce it& la, t&at t&e testratriE lac@e( testame)tar* caacit*, t&at t&ere as u)(ue i)lue)ce a)( ressure i) its eEecutio), t&at t&e si)ature o 7li'a VillaaMa as obtai)e( b* rau( a)( tric@er*, a)( t&at t&e testame)tar* ro'isio)s are illeal. FF$o)sorcia Li)ta), et al., allee( )e&es a)( )ieces, also ile( a) oositio) o) substa)tiall* t&e same rou)(s o) &ic& t&e oositio) o ose a)( Victoria)o %amoco as base(. 7) #uust 11, 19?1, $"+ o %arlac (isalloe( t&e ill because it as )ot t&e erso)al last ill a)( testame)t o t&e (ecease( a)( it as )ot base( o) t&e i)(i) t&at 7li'a VillaaMa (i( )ot ur)is& t&e )ames o t&e erso)s i)stitute( as &eirs a)( t&at t&e ill as )ot rea( to &er beore s&e si)e( it. %&e seco)( rou)( is remise( o) t&e co)clusio) t&at attesti) it)ess Laurea)o #)to)io as )ot rese)t &e) 7li'a VillaaMa a)( attesti) it)ess :o)orio Lacso) si)e( t&e illB t&at #)to)io o)l* artiall* sa t&e si)i) b* attesti) it)ess o(esto u)oB a)( t&at 7li'a VillaaMa sa #)to)io si) o)l* to or t&ree times. "rom t&is (ecisio) t&e etitio)er &as aeale(. +SS;5ustice o t&e eace &o (rate( t&e ill, t&e court also co)si(eri) t&e act t&at t&e it)ess &o testiie( aai)st t&e (ue eEecutio) o t&e ill, si)e( t&e attestatio) clause stati) t&at t&e ill as si)e( b* t&e testatriE a)( t&e it)esses i) t&e rese)ce o eac& ot&er. %&e act t&at t&e it)esses to t&e eEecutio) o t&e ill are relate( to some o t&e be)eiciaries t&ereu)(er, is )ot suicie)t to ma@e t&em biase( it)esses. +t is )ot )ecessar* t&at t&e ill be rea( uo) its si)i) a)( i) t&e rese)ce o t&e it)esses. +t is )ot or t&is court to (isco'er t&e moti'es o 7li'a VillaaMa i) lea'i) &er roerties to t&e erso) )ame( i) t&e ill, a)( omitti) t&ererom t&e oositors-aellees. Suice it to state t&at t&e trial court itsel ou)( t&e ill to &a'e bee) eEecute( ree rom alsiicatio), rau(, tric@er* or u)(ue i)lue)ce, it& 7li'a &a'i) testame)tar* caacit*B a)( i) suc& a situatio) it becomes our (ut* to i'e eEressio) to &er ill.
:eirs o o)ti)ola-Sa)so) VS. $ourt o #eals :er)a)(ez G.R. No. /668 "ebruar* 26, 1988 Ga)ca*co, .! "#$%S! 7) #ril 22, 1981, ri'ate reso)(e)t #tt*. 5(uar(o ". :er)a)(ez ile( a etitio) it& t&e $"+ o a)ila )o Reio)al %rial $ourt see@i) t&e robate o t&e &olora&ic ill o t&e late :ermi)ia o)ti)ola eEecute( o) a)uar* 28, 1980. %&e testatriE, &o (ie( si)le, are)tless a)( c&il(less o) arc& 29, 1981 at t&e ae o /0 *ears, (e'ise( i) t&is ill se'eral o &er real roerties to seciie( erso)s. 7) #ril 29, 1981, ri'ate reso)(e)t &o as )ame( eEecutor i) t&e ill ile( a) ure)t motio) or aoi)tme)t o secial a(mi)istrator. =it& t&e co)ormit* o all t&e relati'es a)( &eirs o t&e testatriE eEcet oositor, t&e court i) its or(er o a* ?, 1981 aoi)te( ri'ate reso)(e)t as Secial #(mi)istrator o t&e testate estate o (ecease(. 7) u)e 29, 1981, atil(e o)ti)ola Sa)so) etitio)er, t&e o)l* sur'i'i) sister o t&e (ecease( but &o as )ot )ame( i) t&e sai( ill oose( t&e robate o t&e ill, allei) inter alia( t&at t&e sub>ect ill as )ot e)tirel* ritte), (ate( a)( si)e( b* t&e testatriE &ersel a)( t&e same as alsel* (ate( or a)te(ate(B t&at t&e testatriE as )ot i) ull ossessio) o &er me)tal aculties to ma@e testame)tar* (isositio)sB t&at u)(ue i)lue)ce as eEerte( uo) t&e erso) a)( mi)( o t&e testatriE b* t&e be)eiciaries )ame( i) t&e illB a)( t&at t&e ill aile( to i)stitute a resi(ual &eir to t&e remai)(er o t&e estate. %&e robate court alloe( t&e robate o t&e (isute( ill. %&e $ourt o #eals airme( t&e sai( (ecisio). :e)ce, t&is i)sta)t etitio). +SS;5ust because bloo( relati'es, ot&er t&a) comulsor* &eirs &a'e bee) omitte(, or &ile bloo( ties are stro) i) t&e &ilii)es, it is t&e testators ri&t to (isrear( )o)-comulsor* &eirs. "i)all*, =e Cuote it& aro'al t&e obser'atio) o t&e reso)(e)t court 4%&ere is li@eise )o Cuestio) as to t&e (ue eEecutio) o t&e sub>ect =ill. %o 7ur mi)(s, t&e most aut&e)tic roo t&at (ecease( &a( testame)tar* caacit* at t&e time o t&e eEecutio) o t&e =ill, is t&e =ill itsel.4
Souses #>ero VS. $ourt o #eals Sa)( G.R. No. 106/20 Setember 1?, 199 u)o, .! "#$%S! #) i)strume)t &ic& is urorte( to be t&e &olora&ic ill o t&e late #))ie Sa)(, &o (ie( o) No'ember 2?, 1982, as submitte( or robate. +) t&e ill, (ece(e)t )ame( as (e'isees, t&e olloi)! etitio)ers Roberto a)( %&elma #>ero, ri'ate reso)(e)t $leme)te Sa)(, eriam S. #ro), Lea& Sa)(, Lilia Sa)(, 5(ar Sa)(, "e Sa)(, Lisa S. Sa)(, a)( Dr. ose #>ero, Sr., a)( t&eir c&il(re). 7) a)uar* 20, 1983, etitio)ers i)stitute( a secial rocee(i) or alloa)ce o (ece(e)ts &olora&ic ill. %&e* allee( t&at at t&e time o its eEecutio), s&e as o sou)( a)( (isosi) mi)(, )ot acti) u)(er (uress, rau( or u)(ue i)lue)ce, a)( as i) e'er* resect caacitate( to (isose o &er estate b* ill. ri'ate reso)(e)t oose( t&e etitio) o) t&e rou)(s t&at! )eit&er t&e testame)ts bo(* )or t&e si)ature t&erei) as i) (ece(e)ts &a)(riti)B it co)tai)e( alteratio)s a)( correctio)s &ic& ere )ot (ul* si)e( b* (ece(e)tB a)(, t&e ill as rocure( b* etitio)ers t&rou& imroer ressure a)( u)(ue i)lue)ce. %&e etitio) as li@eise oose( b* Dr. ose #>ero. :e co)teste( t&e (isositio) i) t&e ill o a &ouse a)( lot locate( i) $aba(bara), #usa) Del Norte. :e claime( t&at sai( roert* coul( )ot be co)'e*e( b* (ece(e)t i) its e)tiret*, as s&e as )ot its sole o)er. Notit&sta)(i) t&e oositio)s, t&e trial court a(mitte( t&e (ece(e)ts &olora&ic ill to robate. 7) aeal, sai( Decisio) as re'erse(, a)( t&e etitio) or robate o (ece(e)ts ill as (ismisse(. :e)ce, t&is aeal. +SS;5ero to Cuestio) &er co)'e*a)ce o t&e same i) its e)tiret*.. %&us, as correctl* &el( b* reso)(e)t court, s&e ca))ot 'ali(l* (isose o t&e &ole roert*, &ic& s&e s&ares it& &er at&ers ot&er &eirs.
