UT Level I Questions 1. The indication on the cathode ray tube (CRT) (CRT) which represents the far far boundary of The aterial bein! tested is called" a. #ash b. The initial pause c. The ain ban! d. The bac$ surface reflection reflection %. In iersion testin!& the position of the search unit is often varied to transit sound into the test part at various an!les to the the front surface. 'uch a procedure is referred to as" a. n!ulation b. ispersion c. Reflection testin! d. Refraction *. The cable that connects the ultrasonic ultrasonic instruent to the the search unit is specially specially desi!ned so that one conductor is centered inside inside another. The technical nae for such a cable is" a. +, cable b. Conduit c. Coa-ial cable d. Ultrasonic conductor cable!rade %/ 0. a. b. c. d.
The process of coparin! coparin! an instruent or device to a standard is called" n!ulation Calibration ttenuation Correlation
. a. b. c. d.
nother nae for a copressional copressional wave is" Lab wave 'hear wave Lon!itudinal wave Transverse Transverse wave
2. nother nae for Raylei!h waves is" a. 'hear waves b. Lon!itudinal waves c. Transverse waves d. 'urface waves 3. aterial used between the face of a search unit and the test surface to perit the transission of ultrasonic vibrations fro the search unit to the aterial bein! tested is called" a. wettin! a!ent b. couplant c. n acoustic transitter transitter d. lubricant lubrica nt
4. The pie5oelectric aterial in a search unit which vibrates vibrates to produce ultrasonic waves is is called a" a. +ac$in! aterial b. Lucite wed!e c. Crystal d. Couplant 6. Ultrasonic testin! of aterial where the search unit is in direct contact with the aterial bein! tested ay be" a. 'trai!ht bea testin! b. 'urface wave testin! c. n!le bea testin! testin! d. ll of the above 1/. n advanta!e of usin! lithiu lithiu sulfate in search search units is that it" a. Is one of the ost ost efficient !enerators !enerators of ultrasonic ener!y b. Is one of the ost efficient receivers of ultrasonic ultrasonic ener!y c. Is insoluble d. Can withstand teperatures teperatures as hi!h as 3//7C (1&%2/7 8) 11. The search unit shown in in 8i!ure 1 is used for" for" a. 'urface wave testin! b. n!le bea testin! c. Iersion testin! d. 'trai!ht bea testin! testin! 1%. 9hich of the followin! followin! search units would contain the the thinnest :uart5 crystal; crystal; a. 1 <#5 search unit b. <#5 search unit c. 1 <#5 search unit d. % <#5 search unit 1*. % <#5 search unit would ost ost li$ely be used durin!" a. 'trai!ht bea contact testin! b. Iersion testin! c. n!le bea contact testin! d. 'urface wave contact testin! testin! 10. The aount of bea diver!ence diver!ence fro a crystal is priarily dependent on the" a. Type Type of test b. Ti!htness of crystal bac$in! in the search unit c. 8re:uency and crystal si5e d. =ulse len!th 1. 9hen an ultrasonic bea passes passes throu!h the interface between two dissiilar aterials aterials at an an!le& a new an!le of sound travel ta$es place in the second aterial due to" a. ttenuation b. Rarefaction c. Copression d. Refraction
>?T@" Usin! 8i!ure %& answer :uestions 12 throu!h %/. 12. 8i!ure % illustrates a contact test on an %/ c. (4 in.) aluinu bloc$. discontinuity is located 1 c. (2 in.) fro the front surface. The screen representation for this is shown to the ri!ht. 9hat does indication represent; a. Initial pulse or front surface indication b. 8irst discontinuity indication c. 8irst bac$ surface reflection d. >one of the above 13. In 8i!ure %& what does indication + represent; a. Initial pulse or front surface indication b. 8irst discontinuity indication c. 8irst bac$ surface reflection d. >one of the above 14. In 8i!ure %& what does indication C represent; a. 'econd bac$ surface reflection b. 8irst discontinuity indication c. 'econd discontinuity indication d. 8irst bac$ surface reflection 16. In 8i!ure %& what does indication represent; a. 8irst discontinuity indication b. 'econd indication of the discontinuity c. 8irst bac$ surface reflection d. 'econd bac$ surface reflection %/. In 8i!ure %& what does indication @ represent; a. 8irst discontinuity indication b. 'econd discontinuity indication c. 8irst bac$ surface reflection d. 'econd bac$ surface reflection %1. The velocity of surface waves is appro-iately AAAAAAAAAAA the velocity of shear waves in the sae aterial; a. Two ties b. 8our ties c. B d. 61/ >?T@" Usin! 8i!ure *& answer :uestions %% throu!h %2. %%. 8i!ure * illustrates an iersion test of a 32 (* in) bloc$ of aluinu with a discontinuity located 1 (% in) below the surface. The screen pattern is shown also. 9hat does indication represent; ssue no sweep delay is used. a. 8irst front surface indication b. Initial pulse c. 8irst discontinuity indication d. 8irst bac$ surface reflection
%*. In 8i!ure *& indication + represents the" a. 8irst front surface indication b. Initial pulse c. 8irst bac$ surface reflection d. 8irst discontinuity indication %0. In 8i!ure *& indication C represents the" a. 8irst front surface indication b. 8irst discontinuity indication c. 8irst bac$ surface reflection d. 'econd front surface indication %. In 8i!ure *& indication represents the" a. 8irst discontinuity indication b. 8irst bac$ surface reflection c. 'econd front surface indication d. 'econd discontinuity indication %2. In 8i!ure *& the distance between indications and + represents" a. The distance fro the front surface of the aluinu bloc$ to the discontinuity b. The distance fro the front surface of the aluinu bloc$ to the bac$ surface of the aluinu bloc$ c. The water distance fro the search unit to the aluinu bloc$ d. >one of the above %3. Under ost circustances& which of the followin! fre:uencies would result in the best resolvin! power; a. 1 <#5 b. <#5 c. 1/ <#5 d. % <#5 %4. 9hich of the followin! aterials of the sae alloy is ost li$ely to produce the !reatest aount of sound attenuation over a !iven distance; a. hand for!in! b. coarse!rained castin! c. n e-trusion d. The attenuation is e:ual in all aterials %6. In contact testin!& the entry surface indication is soeties referred to as" a. The initial pulse b. The ain ban! or transitter pulse c. +oth a and b d. >one of the above */. screen pattern containin! a lar!e nuber of lowlevel indications (often referred to as DhashE) could be caused by" a. crac$ b. lar!e inclusion c. Coarse!rained aterial d. !as poc$et
*1. test ethod eployin! two separate search units on opposite surfaces of the aterial bein! tested is called" a. Contact testin! b. 'urface wave testin! c. Throu!htransission testin! d. Lab wave testin! *%. The nuber of coplete waves which pass throu!h a !iven point in a !iven period of tie (usually 1 s.) is referred to as the" a. plitude of a wave otion b. =ulse len!th of a wave otion c. 8re:uency of a wave otion d. 9avelen!th of a wave otion **. The boundary between two different aterials which are in contact with each other is called" a. rarefactor b. refractor c. n interface d. ar$er *0. 9hen the otion of the particles of a ediu is parallel to the propa!ation& the wave bein! transitted is called a" a. Lon!itudinal wave b. 'hear wave c. 'urface wave d. Lab wave *. 9hen the otion of the particles of a ediu is transverse to the direction of propa!ation& the wave bein! transitted is called a" a. Lon!itudinal wave b. 'hear wave c. 'urface wave d. Lab wave *2. D% illion cycles per secondE can also be stated as" a. % $#5 b. %// $#5 c. % <#5 d. % icro#5 *3.
*6. 9hen a vertical indication has reached the a-iu si!nal hei!ht which can be displayed on the CRT of an ultrasonic instruent& the indication is said to have reached its" a. istance aplitude hei!ht b. bsorption level c. Fertical level d. Liit of resolution 0/. n ultrasonic testin! techni:ue in which the transducer eleent is not parallel to the test surface is called" a. n!le bea testin! b. Iersion testin! c. Contact testin! d. Throu!htransission testin! >?T@" Usin! 8i!ure 0& answer :uestions 01 throu!h 0*. 01. In 8i!ure 0& an!le 1 (G1) is called" a. The an!le of incidence b. The an!le of reflection c. The an!le of refraction d. >one of the above 0%. In 8i!ure 0& an!le % (G%) is called" a. The an!le of incidence b. The an!le of reflection c. The an!le of refraction d. >one of the above 0*. In 8i!ure 0& an!le * (G*) is called" a. The an!le of incidence b. The an!le of reflection c. The an!le of refraction d. >one of the above 00.
one of the above 02. In an scan presentation& the aplitude of vertical indications on the screen represents the" a. ount of ultrasonic sound ener!y returnin! to the search unit b. istance traveled by the search unit c. Thic$ness of aterial bein! tested d. @lapsed tie since the ultrasonic pulse was !enerated
03. 9hich of the followin! test fre:uencies would !enerally provide the best penetration in a */ c (1% in) thic$ specien of coarse!rained steel; a. 1 <#5 b. %.% <#5 c. <#5 d. 1/ <#5 04. In a basic ultrasonic test pattern (scan) for contact testin! (assuin! no sweep delay is used)& the initial pulse" a. Is the hi!h indication on the e-tree left side of the screen that represents the entry surface of the inspected part b. Is the first pulse that occurs near the ri!ht side of the screen and represents the opposite boundary of the inspected part c. Is an indication that appears and disappears durin! screenin! d. Is always the second pulse fro the left on the viewin! screen 06. n ultrasonic test usin! a strai!ht bea contact search unit is bein! conducted throu!h the thic$ness of a flat part such as a plate. This test should detect" a. Lainartype flaws with inor diensions parallel to the rolled surface b. Transversetype flaws with aHor diensions at ri!ht an!les to the rolled surface c. Radial flaws with aHor diensions alon! the len!th but radially oriented to the rolled surface d. >one of the above /. In ultrasonic testin!& a li:uid couplin! ediu between the crystal surface and the part surface is necessary because" a. Lubricant is re:uired to inii5e wear on the crystal surface b. n air interface between the crystal surface and the part surface would alost copletely reflect the ultrasonic vibrations c. The crystal will not vibrate if placed directly in contact with the surface of the part bein! inspected d. The li:uid is necessary to coplete the electrical circuit in the search unit 1. @ntry surface resolution is a characteristic of an ultrasonic testin! syste which defines its ability to" a. etect discontinuities oriented in a direction parallel to the ultrasonic bea b. etect discontinuities located in the center of a for!in! containin! a fine etallur!ic structure c. etect inute surface scratches d. etect discontinuities located Hust beneath the entry surface in the part bein! tested %. urin! ultrasonic testin! by the iersion ethod& it is fre:uently necessary to an!ulate the search unit when a discontinuity is located in order to" a. void a lar!e nuber of bac$ reflections that could interfere with a noral test pattern b. ?btain a a-iu response if the discontinuity is not ori!inally oriented perpendicular to the ultrasonic bea c. ?btain the a-iu nuber of entry surface reflections d. ?btain a discontinuity indication of the sae hei!ht as the indication fro the flat botto hole in a reference bloc$
*. ll other factors bein! e:ual& which of the followin! odes of vibration has the !reatest velocity; a. 'hear wave b. Transverse wave c. 'urface wave d. Lon!itudinal wave 0. ?n the area aplitude ultrasonic standard test bloc$s& the flat botto holes in the bloc$ are" a. ll of the sae diaeter b. ifferent in diaeter& increasin! by /.0 (/./12 in) increents fro the >o. D1E bloc$ to the >o. D4E bloc$ c. Lar!est in the >o. D1E bloc$ and sallest in the >o. D4E bloc$ d. rilled to different depths fro the front surface of the test bloc$ . In iersion testin!& verification that the search unit is noral to a flat entry surface is indicated by" a. one of the above 6. disadvanta!e of usin! natural :uart5 in a search unit is that" a. It will dissolve in water b. It is the least effective !enerator of ultrasonic ener!y of all coonly used aterials c. It is echanically and electrically unstable d. It easily loses its operatin! characteristics as it a!es 2/. n advanta!e of usin! a ceraic transducer in search units is that it" a. Is one of the ost efficient !enerators of ultrasonic ener!y b. Is one of the ost efficient receivers of ultrasonic ener!y c. #as a very low echanical ipedance d. Can withstand teperatures as hi!h as 3//7C (1&%2/7 8)
21. The priary purpose of reference bloc$s is to" a. id the operator in obtainin! a-iu bac$ reflections b. ?btain the !reatest sensitivity possible fro an instruent c. ?btain a coon reproducible si!nal d. >one of the above 2%. 9hen testin! by the surface wave ethod& patches of oil or dirt on the surface ay" a. +loc$ the pro!ress of all sound b. ttenuate the sound c. #ave no effect on the test d. Cause both an attenuation of sound and indications on the screen 2*. In iersion testin!& the ost coonly used couplant is" a. 9ater b. ?il c. lycerin d. lcohol 20. The pie5oelectric aterial in the search unit" a. Converts electrical ener!y to echanical ener!y b. Converts echanical ener!y to electrical ener!y c. +oth a and b d. >either a nor b 2. 9hich of the followin! fre:uencies will produce the shortest wavelen!th pulse; a. 1 <#5 b. <#5 c. 1/ <#5 d. % <#5 22. The an!le of incidence is" a. reater than the an!le of reflection b. Less than the an!le of reflection c. @:ual to the an!le of reflection d. >ot related to the an!le of reflection 23. ?n any ultrasonic testin! instruents& an operator conductin! an iersion test can reove that portion of the screen presentation that represents water distance by adHustin! a" a. =ulse len!th control b. ReHect control c. 'weep delay control d. 'weep len!th control 24. D1//&// cycles per secondE can be written" a. /.1 $#5 b. 1/ $#5 c. 1// $#5 d. 1// <#5
26. 8i!ure is an illustration of a typical" a. scan b. +scan c. Cscan d. scan 3/. 8i!ure 2 is an illustration of a typical" a. scan b. +scan c. Cscan d. scan 31. 8i!ure 3 is an illustration of a typical" a. scan b. +scan c. Cscan d. scan 3%. search unit with a fre:uency !reater than 1/ <#5 will ost li$ely be used durin!" a. strai!ht bea contact testin! of aluinu in!ot b. n an!le bea contact test of a steel pipe c. surface wave contact test of a etallic plate d. n iersion test 3*. The reference holes in a standard aluinu area aplitude ultrasonic test bloc$s contain" a. 8lat botto holes b. Concavesurface holes c. Conve-surface holes d. Conicalshaped holes 30. The !radual loss of sonic ener!y as the ultrasonic vibrations travel throu!h the aterial is referred to as" a. Reflection b. Refraction c. Reproducibility d. ttenuation 3. ter used to describe nuerous indications on the cathode ray tube screen resultin! fro test part structure& nuerous sall discontinuities& or both is often referred to as" a. o chan!e in its velocity d. reversal in its velocity
33. Ultrasonic waves transitted into and received fro the test aterial in the for of repetitive bursts of acoustic ener!y is called" a. =ulse echo testin! b. Continuous wave testin! c. Resonance testin! d. >one of the above 34.
4. 9hich of the followin! discontinuities located 1 c (2 in) fro the entry surface would result in the lar!est CRT indication if all factors e-cept discontinuity and orientation are the sae; a. % (/./4 in) diaeter flatsurfaced discontinuity whose aHor face is at an an!le of 3(fro the direction of sound bea propa!ation b. % (/./4 in) diaeter rou!hsurfaced discontinuity whose aHor face is at an an!le of 3(fro the direction of sound bea propa!ation c. % (/./4 in) diaeter flatsurfaced discontinuity whose aHor face is perpendicular to the direction of sound bea propa!ation d. % (/./4 in) diaeter rou!hsurfaced discontinuity whose aHor face is parallel to the direction of sound bea propa!ation 42. 'earch units constructed with a plastic wed!e or standoff between the transducer eleent and the test piece are coonly used for" a. ual transducer strai!ht bea contact testin! b. n!le bea contact testin! c. 'urface wave contact testin! d. ll of the above 43. search unit containin! three or ore individual transducer eleents is often referred to as" a. dual transducer b. sandwich transducer c. osaic transducer d. >one of the above 44. 'ound can be focused by eans of special curved adapters located in front of the transducer eleent. These adapters are referred to as" a. 'crubbers b. coustic lenses c. n!le bea adapters d. 'in!le plane adapters 46. test ethod in which the parts to be inspected are placed in a water bath or soe other li:uid couplant is called" a. Contact testin! b. Iersion testin! c. 'urface wave testin! d. Throu!htransission testin! 6/. separate tie base line iposed on the viewin! screen of soe ultrasonic testin! instruents that perits easureent of distances is often referred to as" a. n initial pulse b. tieJdistance line c. ar$er d. sweep line
61. ter used to describe the ability of an ultrasonic testin! syste to distin!uish between the entry surface response of discontinuities near the entry surface is" a. 'ensitivity b. =enetration c. 'e!re!ation d. Resolution 6%. The phenoenon whereby an ultrasonic wave chan!es direction when the wave crosses a boundary between aterials with different velocities is called" a. Refraction b. Reflection c. =enetration d. Rarefaction 6*. In a test where the transducer is not perpendicular to the inspection surface& the an!le of incidence is e:ual to" a. The an!le of refraction b. The an!le of reflection c. The shear wave an!le d. #alf the shear wave an!le 60. The product of the acoustic velocity of sound in a aterial and the density of the aterial is the factor that deterines the aount of reflection of ultrasonic ener!y when it reaches an interface. This ter is called" a. coustic ipedance b. Felocity c. 9avelen!th d. =enetration 6. In transittin! ener!y into the part shown in 8i!ure 4& the ultrasonic bea will" a. iver!e (spread out) throu!h the part b. Conver!e (focus in to a point) throu!h the part c. Transit strai!ht throu!h the part d. >ot enter the part 62. Ultrasonic waves that travel alon! the surface of a aterial and whose particle otion is elliptical are called" a. 'hear waves b. Transverse waves c. Lon!itudinal waves d. Raylei!h waves 63. The interference field near the face of a transducer is often referred to as the" a. 8resnel 5one b. coustic ipedance c. @-ponential field d. =hasin! 5one
64. 9hen the incident an!le is chosen to be between the first and second critical an!les& the ultrasonic wave ode within the part will be a" a. Lon!itudinal wave b. 'hear wave c. 'urface wave d. Lab wave 66. The forula used to calculate the an!le of refraction within a aterial is called" a. 8resnelKs law b. 8raunhoferKs Law c. 'nellKs law d. LabKs law 1//. In a aterial with a !iven velocity& when fre:uency is increased& the wavelen!th will" a. >ot be affected b. Increase c. ecrease d. ouble 1/1. 9hich circuits electronically aplify return si!nals fro the receivin! transducer and often odify the si!nals into a for suitable for display; a. =ulser circuits b. one of the above 1/0. 9hich circuits odify the return si!nal fro the receivin! transducer into a for suitable for display on an oscilloscope or other output device; a. =ulser b. Receiveraplifier c. Cloc$ d. 'weep 1/. 9hich circuit !enerates a burst of alternatin! volta!e that is applied to the sendin! transducer; a. =ulser b. Receiveraplifier c. apin! d. Cloc$
1/2. 9hich circuit coordinates electronic operation of the entire ultrasonic instruent syste; a. apin! b. Receiveraplifier c. Cloc$ d. =ower supply 1/3. plan view display or recordin! of a part under e-aination is called" a. Cscan display b. n scan display c. n ,a-is plot d. strip chart recordin! 1/4. Ultrasonic data which is presented in a for representative of the cross section of the test specien is called" a. n scan presentation b. +scan presentation c. Cscan presentation d. n , plot 1/6. 9hat type of ultrasonic e-aination uses wheeltype search units that eliinate the use ofd a tan$; a. Throu!htransission testin! b. Contact testin! c. Resonance testin! d. Iersion testin! 11/. In addition to other functions& a probe anipulator in a echanical iersionscannin! unit perits" a. Use of the throu!htransission techni:ue b. Use of hi!h scannin! speeds c. etection of obli:uelyoriented discontinuities d. Utili5ation of less s$illed operators 111. type of data presentation ost li$ely to be used with a hi!h speed autoatic scannin! syste is" a. n scan presentation b. velocity versus aplitude plot c. Cscan presentation d. plot of echo hei!ht versus depth 11%. The coponent in a conventional iersion syste that spans the width of the iersion tan$ is called" a. n articulator b. brid!e c. anipulator d. search tube
11*. 9hich coponent in an ultrasonic iersion syste is used to adHust and aintain a $nown transducer an!le; a. carria!e b. anipulator c. search tube d. n inde- syste 110. n aplitude type !ate is necessary for all" a. 'hear wave e-ainations b. Lon!itudinal wave e-ainations c. utoatic e-ainations d. one of the above 113. s the !rain si5e increases in a aterial& its principal effect in ultrasonic testin! is on the" a. Felocity of sound b. ttenuation c. coustic ipedance d. n!le of refraction 114. In strai!ht bea pulse echo testin!& a discontinuity with a rou!h reflectin! surface perpendicular to the incident wave will have what effect on the detected si!nal in coparison to a sooth flat botto hole of the sae si5e; a. Increase it b. ecrease it c. #ave no effect on it d. ecrease the width of the pulse of it 116. Ultrasonic vibrations can be propa!ated only in the lon!itudinal ode in which of the followin! edia; a.
1%/. If the velocity of a lon!itudinal ode wave in a !iven hoo!enous aterial is /.2% cns at 1* (/. in) below the surface& what is the velocity at 1 (% in) below the surface; a. M the velocity at 1* (/. in) b. B the velocity at 1* (/. in) c. The sae as the velocity at 1* (/. in) d. >one of the above 1%1. If a <#5 transducer is substituted for a %.% <#5 transducer& what would be the effect on the wavelen!th of a lon!itudinal ode wave produced in the test specien; a. The wavelen!th would be lon!er b. The wavelen!th would reain constant c. The wavelen!th would be shorter d. The wavelen!th would vary directly with the acoustic ipedance 1%%. 9hat can cause nonrelevant indications on the cathode ray tube; a. Contoured surfaces b. @d!e effects c. 'urface conditions d. ll of the above 1%*. The proper interpretation and evaluation of the presented defect si!nals are essential to any nondestructive test. coon ethod for estiation of defect si5e is the use of a" a. ouble transducer test b. =ie5oelectric standard c. ear field c. 8ar field d. Torrid None 1%. ttenuation is a" a. Test display characteristic b. Test aterial characteristic c. Transducer characteristic d. 8or of testin! 1%2. 8or discontinuity !eoetrics other than flat& the echo aplitude is usually AAAAAAA fro that observed for a flat defect& of siilar orientation perpendicular to the sound beas" a. Identical b. Increased c. ecreased d. @lon!ated 1%3. 9hat ust be done to evaluate discontinuities that are oriented at an an!le to the entry surface so that the sound bea will stri$e the p lane of the discontinuity at ri!ht an!les; a. Chan!e the fre:uency b. rind the surface c. n!ulate the search unit d. Increase the !ain
1%4. The pulser circuit in an ultrasonic instruent is used to" a. Control the hori5ontal and vertical sweep b. ctivate the transducer c. Control transducer tiin! between transit and sweep d. enerate ar$ers that appear on hori5ontal sweep 1%6. n scan CRT display which shows a si!nal both above and below the sweep line is called" a. video display b. R8 display c. n audio display d. fre:uency odulated display 1*/. +scan display shows the relative" a. istance a discontinuity is fro the transducer and its throu!hdiension thic$ness b. istance a discontinuity is fro the transducer and its len!th in the direction of transducer travel c. Cross sectional area of a discontinuity above a predeterined aplitude d. >one of the above 1*1. 'urface (Raylei!h) waves travelin! on the top face of a bloc$" a. re not reflected fro a sharp ed!e corner b. re reflected fro a sharp ed!e corner c. Travel throu!h the sharp ed!e corner and are reflected fro the lower ed!e d. re absorbed by a sharp ed!e corner 1*%. 'urface (Raylei!h) waves are ore hi!hly attenuated by" a. curved surface b. heavy couplant c. thin couplant d. +oth a and b 1**. The velocity of sound in a aterial is dependent upon the" a. 8re:uency of the wave b. 9avelen!th c.
1*2. 9hich of the followin! has the lon!est 8resnel 5one; a. 1* (/. in) diaeter 1 <#5 b. 1* (/. in) diaeter %.% <#5 c. %4. (1.1% in) diaeter 1 <#5 d. *4 (1. in) diaeter % <#5 1*3. 9hen contact testin!& if the ultrasonic instruent is set with an e-cessively hi!h pulse repetition rate& which of the followin! ay occur; a. The screen trace will becoe to li!ht to see b. The tiebase line will becoe distorted c. The initial pulse will disappear d. host or DphantoE indications will appear on screen durin! scannin! 1*4. The advanta!es of iersion testin! include which of the followin!; a. Inspection speed increased b. bility to control and direct sound beas c. daptability for autoated scannin! d. ll of the above 1*6. Lon!itudinal wave velocity in water is appro-iately M the velocity in aluinu or steel. Therefore& the iniu water path should be" a. 8our ties the test piece thic$ness b. B the test piece thic$ness c. M the test piece thic$ness plus 2 (/.% in) d. >one of the above 10/. In iersion testin!& a wettin! a!ent is added to the water to" a. dHust the viscosity b. #elp eliinate the foration of air bubbles c. =revent cloudiness d. >one of the above 101. The forula used to deterine the fundaental resonant fre:uency is" a. 8 O F T b. 8O F %T c. 8 O T F d. 8 O FT 10%. If fre:uency is increased& the wavelen!th will" a. ecrease (be shorter) b. Increase (be lon!er) c. Reain the sae but velocity will increase d. Reain the sae but velocity will decrease 10*. The variable in distance aplitude calibration bloc$ construction is the" a. rilled hole si5e b. rilled hole point an!le c.
100. 9hen settin! up a distance aplitude correction curve usin! * flat botto holes& soeties the hole closest to the transducer !ives less of a response than one or both of the other two. This could be caused by" a. Inconsistent surface of the calibration bloc$ b. >ear field effects c. Incorrect hole !eoetry d. ll of the above 10. ear field c. coustic attenuation d. Ultrasonic bea distribution e. Fibrational inde103. strai!ht bea contact search unit consists of which of the followin! basic coponents; a. Case& crystal& ount& and bac$in! b. Case& crystal& bac$in!& and plastic wed!e c. Case& crystal& bac$in!& and acoustic lens d. ll of the above 104. In iersion testin!& to reove the second water reflection fro between the entry surface si!nal and the first bac$ reflection& you should" a. Increase the repetition rate b. ecrease the fre:uency c. ecrease the sweep len!th d. Increase the water path 106. 8or a !iven incident an!le& as the fre:uency of the transducer increases& the refracted an!le" a. Increases b. ecrease c. 'tays the sae d. Cannot be deterined 1/. +oth lon!itudinal and shear waves ay be siultaneously !enerated in a second ediu when the an!le incidence is" a. +etween noral and the first critical an!le b. +etween the first and second critical an!les c. =ast the second critical an!le d. ?nly at the second critical an!le
11. In iersion testin!& when the sound bea stri$es a concave surface& the sound bea tends to a. Conver!e b. iver!e c. 'tay the sae d. one of the above
14. 9hich of the followin! are reasons for usin! reference or calibration standards; a. They provide a easure of the test systes perforance b. They provide a ethod for standardi5in! the test syste c. They provide a coon basis for e-pressin! test results d. ll of the above 16. The chan!e in direction of an ultrasonic bea when it passes fro one aterial to another aterial in which elasticity and density differ is called" a. Refraction b. Rarefaction c. n!ulation d. Reflection 12/. If a discontinuity is oriented at an an!le other than 6/( to the sound bea& the results ay be a" a. Loss of si!nal linearity b. Loss or lac$ of si!nal reflected fro the discontinuity c. 8ocusin! of the sound bea d. Loss of interference phenoenon 121. device that transfors electrical pulse into echanical and vice versa utili5es" a. 'nellKs law b. =ie5oelectric principles c. one of the above 12%. 9henever an ultrasonic incident an!le is set at ( fro noral" a. The refracted wave ode is converted b. The refracted wave is the sae ode as the incident wave c. The refracted wave will have two coponents& one of which will be the sae ode ass the incident wave d. It is ipossible to deterine ode(s) of refracted wave without ore inforation 12*. If a discontinuity is located in the 8resnel or near field re!ion of a sound bea" a. The lar!er the discontinuity& the lar!er the aplitude of the reflected si!nal b. The closer tot he surface the discontinuity is located& the lar!er will be the aplitude of reflected si!nal c. In iersion testin!& the aplitude of si!nal will increase as the water path decreases d. In iersion testin!& the aplitude of reflected si!nal ay increase or decrease as water path decreases 120. transducer is vibratin! at a fre:uency and inHectin! ultrasonic ener!y throu!h water into a steel specien" a. The sound wavelen!th is the sae in both the water and the steel b. The sound fre:uency in the water is less than the sound fre:uency in steel c. The sound wavelen!th is not the sae in both the water and the steel d. The sound fre:uency in the water is !reater than the sound fre:uency in steel
12. 9hen a lon!itudinal sound wave stri$es a watersteel interface at an an!le of a. incidence of 17& (see 8i!ure 6)" a. ll the sound ener!y is reflected bac$ into the water at an an!le of 17 b. =art of the sound ener!y is reflected at 17 and part is refracted into the steel at an an!le less than 17 c. =art of the sound ener!y is reflected at 17 and part is refracted alon! the watersteel interface d. =art of the sound ener!y is reflected at 17 and part is refracted into the steel at an an!le !reater than 17
