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Turbo System
TURBOCHARGER
Presented by:Joshi Dhvanit
VALIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Introduction •
Concept of Turbo charging.
•
Concept of Turbocharger.
•
Invention.
P-V dia of turbocharged engine
Working of Turbo charger
Inside a turbocharger
Design details •
Turbine & Shaft:- In a turbocharger the turbine used is Gas Turbine. This type of turbine take their energy from exhaust gas. The turbine Blade material is steel or ceramics. The RPM of turbine is ranges between 20000 to 150000. Shaft made by Mild Steel.
VNT(Variable nozzle turbine)
Part:-2 •
Bearing:- The name of bearing is foil-bearing.
Part:-3 •
Compressor:-The commonly use compressor is centrifugal compressor.
Part:-4 •
Waste gate:1.Internal 2.external
Types of Turbocharger • •
Parallel Twin-Turbo Sequential Twin-Turbo
Method of turbo charging •
Hyperbar turbo charging
Method of turbo charging •
Two-stage turbo charging
Application •
• •
In Diesel engines like Locomotives, Heavy duty trucks and all conventional automobiles. In Gasoline engines mostly for small cars. Jet engine based flying model aircrafts.
•
Space rockets. Army aircrafts. Formula1 cars. Formula1 Boats.
•
In turbo alternator for electricity generate.
• • •
Advantage •
• •
•
•
•
When the pressure ratio of the compressor & turbine is very high so the recovery of the exhaust is very efficient & fuel consumption better than the other engines. Due to foil-bearing we can use light weight shaft. The space required less due to the short & small diameter pipe. The main advantage is the use of 20to30% heat lost as exhaust to use it in engine power generation. Due to fresh pressurized air in the cylinder, more fuel come to cylinder and proper combustion takes place &wastage of fuel don't take place. Due to proper combustion less pollution create.
Limitation • •
•
•
•
Turbocharger needs special exhaust manifolds. For fuel injection need large nozzles & pumping elements. The erosion of blades occur due to exhaust gases carbon contact. Due to high speed gases in the turbine assembly a blades are having short life. In exhaust, engine has to push against the high back pressure so some power loss is there.
Petrol Vs Diesel engines •
Petrol
•
Diesel
1.There is need of
1.No need of inter cooler is
intercooler. 2. Uses in Small cars.
there. 2.Uses in large & heavy duty vehicles. 3.Less expensive than the petrol engine. 4.High compression ratio.
3. More expensive than diesel engine. 4.Less compression ratio.
Turbocharged Vs Normal engine Normal engine
Turbocharged engine
1.Lesser efficiency. 2.The pollution ratio is high.
1. Higher efficiency. 2. The pollution ratio is less.
3.Utilization of the fuelstroke during expansion is less than turbo engine. 4.Utilization of exhausted heat is not there. 5.two stroke with crankcase.
3. Utilization of fuel during expansion stroke is better than normal engine. 4.Utilization of exhausted heat is there. 5.two stroke without crankcase.
Conclusion •
•
At the end of comparison:-1 for both engine the turbochargers is more suitable for diesel engine. At the end of comparison:-2 for both engine the turbocharged engine is good for future of automobile engines.