STUDY OF POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION TO MECHANICAL DRIVES: The mechanical power produced b prime mo!er i" u"ed #o dri!e !ariou" machine" in #he wor$"hop" and %ac#orie"& The #ran"mi""ion o% power %rom prime mo!er #o machine can be ob#ained b #wo ""#em"& '( Indi Indi!i !idu dual al Dri! Dri!ee )( *rou *roup p Dri! Dri!ee
1) Indi Indivi vidu dual al Dri Drive ve:: -
Thi" dri!e i" $nown a" "el%+con#ained dri!e becau"e #here i" "epara#e prime mo!er %or each machine& *enerall mo#or and "#ar#er are pro!ided %or indi!idual machine& •
Applicai!n": -
i(
Mobile or por#able machine&
ii(
In wor$"hop" ha!in, %ew machine"&
iii(
When o! o!erhead %a %ace i" i" rere-u uired %o %or #h #he cr crane"&
i!( i!(
I# i" "ui# "ui#ab able le when when mach machin inee i" i" li$ li$el el #o #o be be "hi "hi%# %#ed ed a# di%% di%%er eren en## pla place ce"& "&
#) $r!up Drive: -
A "in,le mo#or or prime mo#or o% lar,e capaci# dri!e" a common o!erhead main "ha%# loca# loca#ed ed %rom %rom one one end end o% #he #he wor$ wor$"h "hop op&& Thi" Thi" "ha% "ha%## ha" ha" man man pull pulle e"& "& The The mo#io mo#ion n i" #ran"mi##ed %rom #hi" "ha%# #o indi!idual machine" b %la# bel# and pulle ""#em"& •
Applicai!n": -
i(
Proce"" indu"#rie"&
ii( ii(
For For ope opera ra#i #in, n, mach machin ine" e" whi which ch are are arr arran an,e ,ed d #o #o per per%o %orm rm "e-u "e-uen en#i #ial al ope opera ra#i #ion on"& "&
./ASSIFI.ATIONS OF POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS0 + The mechanical power %rom prime+mo!er #o machine or %rom one "ha%# #o #he o#her can be #ran"mi##ed b %ollowin, me#hod"& i(
Sha%# Dri!e&
ii(
Fric#ion Dri!e&
iii(
.ouplin,&
i!(
1el# Dri!e&
!(
Rope Dri!e&
!i(
.ul#ch Dri!e&
!ii(
*ear Dri!e&
!iii(
.hain Dri!e
The impor#an# #pe" are di"cu""ed below0
1)
%el Drive: -
i(
Thi" i" #he mo"# commonl u"ed me#hod o% power #ran"mi""ion in which #he #wo "ha%# are ro#a#ed b an endle""2 #hin bel# runnin, o!er #he #wo pulle" on #he "ha%#"&
ii(
The pulle on dri!in, "ha%# i" $nown a" dri!er where a" pulle on #he o#her "ha%#2 #o which power i" #ran"mi##ed i" $nown a" dri!en pulle or %ollower&
There are %our #pe" o% bel# dri!e& a) Open %el Drive: -
In #hi" dri!e #o parallel "ha%#" are connec#ed b bel#" "uch #ha# dri!er and %ollower bo#h ro#a#e in "ame direc#ion a" "hown in %i,& &) Cr!"" %el Drive: -
The #wo parallel "ha%#" are connec#ed b bel#+pulle" "uch #ha# #he %ollower pulle ro#a#e" in #he direc#ion oppo"i#e #o #ha# o% dri!er pulle in #hi" dri!e& c) 'uarer Turn Drive: -
The #wo nonparallel and non 3 in#er"ec#in, "ha%#" can be connec#ed b bel# and pulle& d) Ri( An(le Drive: -
In #hi"2 addi#ional ,uide pulle i" u"ed #o direc# #he bel# and #o ad4u"# #en"ion o% #he bel#2 which connec#" #he #wo non 3 parallel "ha%#"&
•
1el# Shape" 0
The cro""+"ec#ion o% #he bel#" i" commonl o% #hree #pe" i)
*LAT %ELT :-
Thi" bel# i" %la# wi#h "mall #hic$ne""& The pulle "ur%ace i" al"o %la# and #he wid#h o% pulle i" 5 #h ,rea#er #han #he bel# wid#h& ii)
+V, %ELT :-
I# i" #rape6oidal in "ec#ion placed in a 789 "haped ,roo!e o% ,roo!ed pulle"& I# i" made o% %abric wi#h a co##on chord #en"ion elemen#& I# i" u"ed %or lar,e power #ran"mi""ion2 %or "hor# di"#ance" be#ween #he "ha%#"&
iii)
ROUND %ELT: -
I# i" a rope cord and #hi" dri!e i" called a" rope dri!e& The cro""+"ec#ion o% #hi" bel# i" round& The"e rope" are pa""ed in #he ,roo!e" o% #he pulle"& I# i" "ui#able %or modera#e di"#ance" and "epara#e dri!e" can be #a$en %rom one dri!in, pulle&
•
Applicai!n" ! %el Drive": -
i(
Flour mill" and ,rindin, mill"&
ii(
For pumpin, wa#er %rom #he well&
iii(
/ine "ha%# dri!in, and ,roup dri!e&
i!(
S#epped pulle dri!in, and ,roup dri!e&
!(
789 bel# dri!e %ro radia#or" and compre""or"&
Tpe" o% Pulle" 0+ The pulle" are made o% ca"# iron wrou,h# iron2 pre""ed "#eel and wood& i(
Fa"# and loo"e pulle"&
ii( Speed cone" or "#epped pulle"& iii( *uide pulle"& i!( *roo!ed pulle"& !( :oc$e pulle" or Rider pulle"& !i( Wrou,h# iron pulle"&
#)
Cain Drive :-
i(
In #hi" dri!e2 ri,id lin$" are hin,ed #o,e#her #o %orm a chain a" "hown in
%i,& ii( The chain lin$" pro!ide %le;ibili# %or wrappin, #he chain o!er #he "pecial #oo#hed wheel"& iii(
The"e wheel" are $nown a" chain "proc$e#"& The are !er "imilar #o "pur
,ear"& i!(
Su%%icien# lubrica#ion i" re-uired %or #hi" dri!e #o a!oid wear and #ear al"o
noi"e& !(
.hain dri!e" are replacin, bel# or rope dri!e" and wheel ,earin,&
Tere are .! /pe" ! cain": 0
i(
Roller chain %or "low "peed" and
ii(
Silen# chain %or hi,h "peed"&
Applica#ion o% .hain Dri!e"0 + i(
U"ed %or "hor# di"#ance %or #ran"mi##in, hun, power up #o <=== $w wi#h lar,e #ran"mi""ion number" >up #o '?(&
ii(
The are u"ed in a,ricul#ural and "u,ar machiner where #he cen#re di"#ance i" modera#e or lar,e up #o @m&
iii( .cle"2 mo#or"+ccle"2 mo#or !ehicle" e#c& i!( Road roller"2 wor$"hop" and %ac#orie"&
) $ear Drive :i( *ear" are #oo#hed wheel" #he #ee#h o% ,ear en,a,e in #he #ee#h o% %ollower ,ear %or power #ran"mi""ion& ii( For ob#ainin, de"ired "peed and direc#ion o% ro#a#ion ,ear #rain" o% man ,ear wheel" are u"ed& iii( Di%%eren# #pe" o% ,ear" are u"ed %or connec#in, parallel2 non+parallel2 in#er"ec#in, and non 3 in#er"ec#in, "ha%#& i!( .en#er di"#ance be#ween #he "ha%# "hould be !er "mall&
•
Tpe" o% *ear"0 + The di%%eren# #pe" o% ,ear" are bellow+
i( Spur *ear
ii( Spiral *ear
iii( elical *ear
i!( 1e!el *ear
!( Worm and Worm Wheel
!i( Rac$ and Pinion&
I( S2UR $EAR:-
Spur *ear" are u"ed when #he a;i" o% #wo "ha%#" are parallel #o each o#her& The"e ,ear" ha!e #ee#h parallel #o #he a;i" o% "ha%#&
Advana(e": •
Simple in manu%ac#urin,&
•
.heaper #han o#her #pe" o% ,ear"&
•
In#erchan,eabili# i" po""ible&
Di"advana(e": •
/oad carrin, capaci# i" low&
•
Tran"mi""ion e%%icienc i" low&
•
Speed reduc#ion i" low&
Applicai!n":
U"ed in au#omobile ,earbo;2 machine #ool" and all low power #ran"mi""ion applica#ion&
III) HELICAL $EARS
In helical ,ear"2 #ee#h are a# "ome an,le called heli; an,le wi#h re"pec# #o a;e" o% #he "ha%#& elical ,ear" run -uie#er a" compared #o "pur ,ear" "ince #he con#ac# be#ween #ee#h i" ,radual& There%ore #ran"mi""ion o% load i" ,radual which re"ul#" in low impac# "#re""e" and reduc#ion in noi"e& For #hi" rea"on #he helical ,ear" are u"ed %or hi,h+"peed #ran"mi""ion&
Advana(e": •
/oad carrin, capaci# i" hi,h&
•
Tran"mi""ion e%%icienc i" hi,h&
•
i,h+"peed reduc#ion i" po""ible&
Di"advana(e": •
Manu%ac#urin, proce""e" i" di%%icul#&
•
.o"# i" hi,h&
•
In#erchan,eabili# i" no# po""ible&
I8( 3ORM $EAR :-
Worm ,ear i" u"ed when #he #wo "ha%#" are non 3 in#er"ec#in, a# ri,h# WORM AND WORM WEE/ Worm and worm wheel are u"ed #o #ran"mi# power %rom one "ha%# #o ano#her "ha%# which are non+in#er"ec#in, and #heir a;i" are normall ri,h# an,le" #o each o#her& Worm and worm wheel are u"ed %or lar,e "peed reduc#ion up #o '==0'& Advana(e": •
i,h "peed reduc#ion ra#io i" po""ible up #o '==0'
•
Buie#er in opera#ion&
•
Pro!i"ion o% "el%+loc$in, i" po""ible&
Di"advana(e": •
Manu%ac#urin, proce""e" i" di%%icul#&
•
.o"# i" hi,h&
•
In#erchan,eabili# i" no# po""ible&
•
Tran"mi""ion e%%icienc i" low&
•
Applica#ion0 U"ed in ma#erial" handlin, e-uipmen#2 li%#in, e-uipmen#"2 crane" and all applica#ion" where hi,h+"peed reduc#ion i" re-uired&
a4 RAC5 AND 2INION:-
•
I# con!er# ro#ar mo#ion in#o "#rai,h# line mo#ion and !ice !er"a&
•
I# i" u"ed in la#he"2 drill"2 planner" e#c&
Advana(e" :•
I# i" ,i!e" "moo#h and "ilen# opera#ion&
•
I# i" e;#remel "#ron, and durable&
•
I# ,i!e" lon, "er!ice wi#hou# an a##en#ion&
•
i,h power #ran"mi""ion&
•
Sui#able %or preci"ion and accura#e "peed con#rol&
Di"advana(e" :•
I# i" !er co"#l&
•
I# "hould be well lubrica#ed&
STUDENTS SHOULD UNDERSTAND *OLLO3IN$ 2OINTS:
'(
.la""i%ica#ion o% Power Tran"mi""ion S"#em"&
)(
Applica#ion o% 8ariou" Power Tran"mi""ion S"#em"&
C(
Di%%eren# Tpe" o% *ear Train"&
ASSI$NMENTS:
'(
E;plain Di%%eren# 1el# Dri!e S"#em"&
)(
Draw S$e#che" o% An Two Tpe" o% .hain Dri!e&
C(
*i!e Ad!an#a,e"2 Di"ad!an#a,e" Applica#ion o% *ear
Train"&
