UNIVERSITATEA „1 DECEMBRIE 1918 ” ALBA IULIA FACULT FACULTATEA DE ISTORIE IS TORIE ŞI FILOLOGIE FILOLOG IE SPECIALIZAREA: SPECIAL IZAREA: LIMBĂ ŞI COMUNICARE COMU NICARE ÎN ADMINISTRAREA ADMINI STRAREA AFACERILOR AFACERILOR (ÎN LIMBA ENGLEZĂ) - MASTERAT
Profesor coordonator , Barbulet Gabriel Masterand , Pilţu Cristian
ALBA IULIA 2009
The United States Constitution
Article II !"e E#ecuti$e Branc" %ecti&n 1 !"e Presi'ent
The ee!"#$%e P&'e h*++ ,e %e#e $. * Pe$e.# &/ #he U.$#e S#*#e &/ A0e$!*1 2e h*++ h&+ h$ O//$!e "$.3 #he Te0 &/ /&" 4e*5 *.5 #&3e#he '$#h #he V$!e-Pe$e.# !h&e. /& #he *0e Te05 ,e e+e!#e5 * /&++&': E*!h S#*#e h*++ *66&$.#5 $. "!h M*..e * #he Le3$+*#"e #hee&/ 0*7 $e!#5 * N"0,e &/ E+e!#&5 e8"*+ #& #he 'h&+e N"0,e &/ Se.*#& *. Re6ee.#*#$%e #& 'h$!h #he S#*#e 0*7 ,e e.#$#+e $. #he C&.3e: ,"# .& Se.*#& & Re6ee.#*#$%e5 & Pe&. h&+$.3 *. O//$!e &/ T"# & P&/$# ".e #he U.$#e S#*#e5 h*++ ,e *66&$.#e *. E+e!#&1 (The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not lie an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall mae a List of all the !ersons voted for, and of the "#mber of $otes for each% which List they shall si&n and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the 'overnment of the United States, directed to the !resident of the Senate. The !resident of the Senate shall, in the !resence of the Senate and o#se of )epresentatives, open all the *ertificates, and the $otes shall then be co#nted. The !erson havin& the &reatest "#mber of $otes shall be the !resident, if s#ch "#mber be a +aority of the whole "#mber of Electors appointed% and if there be more than one who have s#ch +aority, and have an e-#al "#mber of $otes, then the o#se of )epresentatives shall immediately ch#se by Ballot one of them for !resident% and if no !erson have a +aority, then from the five hi&hest on the List the said o#se shall in lie +anner ch#see the !resident. B#t in ch#sin& the !resident, the $otes shall be taen by States, the )epresentation from each State havin& o ne $ote% a -#or#m for this !#rpose shall consist of a +ember or +embers from twothirds of the States, and a +aority of all the States shall be necessary to a *hoice. In every *ase, after the *hoice of the !resident, the !erson havin& the &reatest "#mber of $otes of the Electors shall be the $ice !resident. B#t if there sho#ld remain two or more who have e-#al $otes, the Senate shall ch#se from them by Ballot the $ice!resident./ (!"is clause in )arent"eses *as su)erse'e' b+ t"e 12t" Aen'ent-.
The C&.3e 0*7 e#e0$.e #he T$0e &/ !h"$.3 #he E+e!#&5 *. #he D*7 &. 'h$!h #he7 h*++ 3$%e #he$ V&#e9 'h$!h D*7 h*++ ,e #he *0e #h&"3h&"# #he U.$#e S#*#e1 N& 6e&. e!e6# * .*#"*+ ,&. C$#$e.5 & * C$#$e. &/ #he U.$#e S#*#e5 *# #he #$0e &/ #he A&6#$&. &/ #h$ C&.#$#"#$&.5 h*++ ,e e+$3$,+e #& #he O//$!e &/ Pe$e.#9 .e$#he h*++ *.7 Pe&. ,e e+$3$,+e #& #h*# O//$!e 'h& h*++ .&# h*%e *##*$.e #& #he A3e &/ #h$#7-/$%e 4e*5 *. ,ee. /&"#ee. 4e* * Re$e.# '$#h$. #he U.$#e S#*#e1 (In *ase of the )emoval of the !resident from 0ffice, or of his 1eath, )esi&nation, or Inability to dischar&e the !owers and 1#ties of the said 0ffice, the same shall devolve on the $ice !resident, and the *on&ress may by Law provide for the *ase of )emoval,
1eath, )esi&nation or Inability, both of the !resident and $ice !resident, declarin& what 0fficer shall then act as !resident, and s#ch 0fficer shall act accordin&ly, #ntil the 1isability be removed, or a !resident shall be elected./ (!"is clause in )arent"eses "as been &'i/ie' b+ t"e 20t" an' 2t" Aen'ents-.
The Pe$e.# h*++5 *# #*#e T$0e5 e!e$%e /& h$ Se%$!e5 * C&06e.*#$&.5 'h$!h h*++ .e$#he ,e $.!e*e .& $0$.$he "$.3 #he Pe$& /& 'h$!h he h*++ h*%e ,ee. e+e!#e5 *. he h*++ .&# e!e$%e '$#h$. #h*# Pe$& *.7 &#he E0&+"0e.# /&0 #he U.$#e S#*#e5 & *.7 &/ #he01 Be/&e he e.#e &. #he Ee!"#$&. &/ h$ O//$!e5 he h*++ #*;e #he /&++&'$.3 O*#h & A//$0*#$&.:
Praatic !e#t Anal+sis
1a. b. c. 2-
Aut"&r, !itle, !"ee Aut"&r = Instit#tion = Parliaent = #h*# e' "6 #he C&.#$#"#$&. !itle >The United States *onstit#tion”5 Article II 5 Section 2 = !"e Presi'ent !"ee The proced#re for choosin& the !resident and $ice!resident of the USA !+)e &/ 'isc&urse = nonfictional 1 ?& '$#h e.&#*#$%e 0e*.$.3 (the !resident 5 votes, the Electors, the Senate, amendmen etc.) *e 6ee.# $. #he #e#1 - !"e s)"ere &/ use = #he #e# ,e+&.3 #& #he @"$$!*+-*0$.$#*#$%e #7+e1 3- !"e c&unicati&n eleents4 !"e transitter $ 6e!$*+$e: the !arliament #h*# e' "6 #he C&.#$#"#$&.1
The $e* &/ 6e!$*+$*#$&. $ "66&#e ,7 #he #$#+e: >The U.$#e S#*#e C&.#$#"#$&.” = e3*$.3 #he e+e!#$&. &/ #he Pe$e.# &/ #he USA = *. ,7 #he 6e!$*+#7 #e0: *onstit#tion, Senate, *iti3en, Electors, $ice!resident, votes, *on&ress etc1 !"e recei$er $ *+& 6e!$*+$e5 $1e1 #he &.e 'h& *66+$e #he +*' = #he Se.*#e5 ,"# *+& ".6e!$*+$e5 $1e1 #he !$#$e. #h*# e* #he C&.#$#"#$&.1 Accordin& to the effect of the messa&e = #he !&./&0$#7 '$#h #he $./&0*#$&. $ 6ee.# * #he +*' $ @"#$/$e $. #he &!$*+ !&.#e#1 Accordin& to the f#nction of the messa&e = #he #e# h* #he /".!#$&. #& $./&09 $# h* #he 6*30*#$! $0e.$&. *. *66+$!*,$+$#7 $. #he 6hee &/ 6",+$! +$/e1 S#"!#"*++75 #he #e# ,$.3 $./&0*#$&. *,&"# #he '*7 $. 'h$!h #he Pe$e.# *. #he V$!e-Pe$e.# &/ #he USA *e e+e!#e1 Th$ $./&0*#$&. $ $06&#*.# ,e!*"e *.7 !$#$e. 0*7 h*%e /ee *!!e #& 6",+$! $.#ee# $./&0*#$&.1 The #e# e/$.e 6",+$! $.#ee# $./&0*#$&.1 The 0e*3e $ 0*$.+7 e.&#*#$%e5 $# 6e*; #& e*&.5 *. $# +*!; #he e0&#$&.*+ e+e0e.#1 C"aracteristics &/ t"e st+le4 1 It "as /i#e' /&rulas : >The e4ec#tive !ower shall be vested ” e#!1 1 It is &b5ecti$e an' i)ers&nal ($# &e .&# h*%e !h**!#e$#$! $3. &/ #he
*"#h&)
1 It is accessible, clear, )recise : *!!e$,+e ,e!*"e &/ #he #e0 #h*# h*%e ,ee. "e5 !+e* &'$.3 #& #he #"!#"e &/ #he e.#e.!e5 *. 6e!$e ,e!*"e $# 0e.#$&. #he $#"*#$&. *. #he ,eh*%$&"1 1 %)eciali6e' $&cabular+ : Electors, votes e#!1 1 It is c"aracteristic t& t"e )ublic '&ain an' t& t"e &//icial relati&ns"i)s : #he /"+/$++$.3 &/ #*; $ #he "#7 &/ #he *"#h&$#$e *. 6",+$! $.#$#"#$&. e6e!$*++7 *$3.e1 1 !"e use &/ )atterns : $. #h$ !&.#e# #he 6*##e. $ 0*#e$*+$e $. #he /&0*+ #"!#"e &/ #he 6*#$!"+* #e#: 0&#$%*#$&.5 e/$.$.3 *. $06&$.3 &/ #he ,eh*%$&"1
