“AÑO DEL BUEN SERVICIO AL CIUDADANO”
UNIVERSIDAD CIENTIFICA DEL PERÚ FACUL ACU LTAD DE D E CIENCI CI ENCIAS AS DE DERECHO DERE CHO
“FORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL PROTESTO”
CATEDRA
: DERECHO COMERCIAL II
CATEDRATICO
: Dr. Billy Arévalo
ALUMNA
: LAURA EDITH GME! ANGULO ANGULO
"ECH "ECHA A DE ENTR ENTREG EGA A
: #$ #$ DE DE "EBR "EBRER ERO O DEL DEL %&#$ %&#$
San Juan Bautista – Per “!"#$”
DEDICATORIA
El 'r( 'r()(* )(*+( +ra +ra,a-o ,a-o ( i*v i*v()+i/ )+i/a a0i1 0i1* va (i0ao a: •
N2() N2()+r +ra a 3a4i 3a4ililia a 'or 'or la) la) (*)(5 )(5a*6 a*6a) 4oral() y 42()+ra ( 3or+al(6a y (i0a0i1*. A *2()+ro) o0(*+() y 0o4'a5(ro) ( 'or )2 a'or+( i*+(l(0+2al7 )a*a 0o4'(+(*0ia y (4o)+ra0i1* ( 82( (* la via via 2*o 2*o a'r( a'r(* *( ( 0aa 0aa 9a7 9a7 y 82( 82( la) la) (*)(5a*6a) )o* (-( 0(*+ral (l a'r(*i6a-( 0o/*i+ivo.
2
A%RADECIMIENTO
A la 2*iv(r)ia y o0(*+( (l 02r)o 'or o3r(0(r*o) la) ,a)() +(1ri0a) (* la r(ali6a0i1* ( la 'r()(*+( i*v()+i/a0i1*.
3
INDICE
DEDICATORIA.................................................................................................. ii AGRADECIMIENTO.......................................................................................... iii I.
INTRODUCCIN...................................................................................... 5
II.
OBETIVOS............................................................................................. 6 %.#. OBETIVOS GENERALES.................................................................6
III.
"ORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL ;ROTESTO...................................7 <.#. Co*0('+o ( ;ro+()+o........................................................................7 <.%. El +9+2lo valor 0o4o o024(*+o............................................................8 <.<. =U> T?TULOS VALORES SON ;ROTESTADOS..................................9 <.@. OBLIGATORIEDAD DEL ;ROTESTO:...............................................10 <.. ;LA!O ;ARA EL ;ROTESTO...........................................................10 <.. LUGAR DEL ;ROTESTO.................................................................12 <.$. LA DILIGENCIA DE ;ROTESTO.......................................................12 <.. D?AS HBILES ;ARA REALI!AR EL ;ROTESTO...............................13 <.. "ORMALIDADES DE LA NOTI"ICACIN DEL ;ROTESTO..................13 <.#&. IM;OSIBILIDAD DEL ;ROTESTO....................................................14 <.##. "ORMALIDADES DEL ;ROTESTO F DEVOLUCION DEL TITULO........14 <.#%. INDEMNI!ACIN ;OR EL CAUSANTE DEL ;ROTESTO....................18 <.#<. "ORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL ;ROTESTO.........................19 <.#@. LAS "ORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL ;ROTESTO.................19
CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................ 23 BIBLIOGRA"?A............................................................................................... 24
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I&INTRODUCCI'N El 'r()(*+( +ra,a-o +i(*( 0o4o 3i*alia ('li0ar la L(y ( T9+2lo) Valor() NJ %$%$K7 ()+a L(y *o )( a 4oi3i0ao (* o*0( a5o)7 (* +oo ()+( +i(4'o *o )( a* r(ali6ao 4ayor() 4oi3i0a0io*(). ;or lo (4) )( '2(( a3ir4ar 82( la l(y 4a*+i(*( )2 'l(*a vi/(*0ia )i* '(r+2r,a0i1* al/2*a o+or/a*o a)9 )(/2ria al +r3i0o 4(r0a*+il. E* ()+a o'or+2*ia +ra+a4o) ( ,ri*ar La L(y ( T9+2lo) Valor() i*0or'ora*o la) 4oi3i0a0io*() l(/i)la+iva)7 lo) 0o4(*+ario) '(r+i*(*+() y (l a'or+( ,ri*ao a +ravé) ( r(0i(*+() -2ri)'r2(*0ia7 ,a-o (l 0ri+(rio ori(*+aor .El(/i4o) ()+( +(4a 'or )(r r(l(va*+( (* la via 0o+iia*a ( lo) 0i2aa*o) 82( viv(* (* *2()+ra )o0i(a y ro(ao ( 420o) )20()o) y la r(alia (* (l 4,i+o 4(r0a*+il 82( 9a a 9a *o) a82(-a (* *2()+ro 'a9)7 y 0o* (l o,-(+ivo ( i*3or4ar y +(*(r 2*a vi)i1* 0lara ( la la,or 82( v(*i4o) 024'li(*o (* (l ;(r 0o* r()'(+o al D(r(0o Co4(r0ial 7 la i/2ala -2r9i0a y )o,(ra*a. E)'(r(4o) 82( ()+( +ra,a-o )irva 'ara +(*(r 4(-or() (3(0+o) ( '(r4i+ir 2* 4(-or 0o*o0i4i(*+o y a'li0a0i1* ( *2()+ra L(y. La L(y r(/2la (l ;ro+()+o (* (l T9+2lo Valor7 'ara (l 0a)o (l i*024'li4i(*+o ( la) o,li/a0io*() 82( r('r()(*+a (l +9+2lo valor.
•
•
•
II&
OBJETIVOS
II&#&
OBJETIVOS %ENERALES
E'li0ar y ()0ri,ir la 32*0i1* (l 'ro+()+o y (* 0a)o (l i*024'li4i(*+o ( la) o,li/a0io*() 82( r('r()(*+a (l T9+2lo Valor. D()0ri,ir la i4'or+a*0ia ( 0o*o0(r La L(y ( T9+2lo) Valor() y )2 i*0i(*0ia (* La+i*oa4éri0a. "o4(*+ar la 'ar+i0i'a0i1* a0+iva ( la )o0i(a7 (* (l lo/ro ( o,-(+ivo) ( la ;ol9+i0a (l Co4(r0io.
III&
FORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL PROTESTO
III&#& C(n)e*t( +e Pr(test( El 'ro+()+o () 2*a 3i/2ra 'ro'ia ( lo) T9+2lo) Valor()7 82( r(vi)+( +ra)0(*(*+al i4'or+a*0ia (* ra61* ( )(r7 /(*(ral4(*+(7 2* r(82i)i+o i*i)'(*)a,l( 'ara 82( (l +(*(or '2(a (-(r0(r la) a00io*() 0a4,iaria)7 la) 4i)4a) 82( l( '(r4i+ir* a0(r)( 0o,ro (l i4'or+( 0o*+(*io (* (l +9+2lo. E* ()( )(*+io (l 'ro+()+o () a82(lla ili/(*0ia *o+arial o -2i0ial 82( +i(*( 'or 3i*alia (-ar 0o*)+a*0ia 3(a0i(*+( ( i*2,i+a,l( ( la 3al+a ( 'a/o o a0('+a0i1* (l T9+2lo Valor 7 'ara lo 02al (,(r r(ali6ar)( (* la 3or4a 'r(vi)+a y (*+ro ( lo) 'la6o) ()+a,l(0io) 'or L(y ( lo 0o*+rario )( '(r-2i0ar9a (l Ti+2lo7 () (0ir '(r-2i0ar9a +oa (3i0a0ia ,a*0aria. ;ara !a(33(r(r Silva# (l 'ro+()+o () (l 4(io 'or (l 02al )( a0r(i+a (* 3or4a a2+é*+i0a 82( (l +9+2lo valor *o )( a 'a/ao o7 +ra+*o)( (l +9+2lo ( 0a4,io7 82( +a4'o0o a )io a0('+ao.
A )oli0i+2 (l +(*(or (l T9+2lo Valor7 (l 'ro+()+o () (3(0+2ao 'or (l 3(a+ario *o4,r( /(*éri0o 82( ()i/*a +a*+o al No+ario ;,li0o7 82( () la '(r)o*a a2+ori6aa 'or L(y 'ara (-(02+ar (l 'ro+()+o7 0o4o (l 2(6 ( ;a67 82( 'or a0(r (l 'ro+()+o a 3al+a (l No+ario ;,li0o7 82i(* (,(r iri/irlo 0o*+ra (l ir(0+a4(*+( o,li/ao 'or (l Ti+2lo Valor7 ya )(a (l /iraor o 0o*+ra (l a0('+a*+( )(/* )( +ra+( ( T9+2lo) Valor() *o a0('+ao) o *o 'a/ao) r()'(0+iva4(*+(. El 'ro+()+o () (l 4(io 'or (l 02al )( a0r(i+a (* 3or4a a2+(*+i0a 82( (l T9+2lo P Valor *o a )io 'a/ao o7 +ra+*o)( ( la l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 82( +a4'o0o a )io a0('+aa. La Cor+( S2'r(4a E-(02+oria ( 3(0a7 # ( (*(ro ( #$&7 R(v. 2r. ;(r. <#<7 ( 3(,r(ro ( #$&7 '/. %@#K7 a r()2(l+o 82( la ili/(*0ia ( 'ro+()+o 0ar(0( ( (3i0a0ia7 02a*o *o )( 024'l(* lo) r(82i)i+o) l(/al() y 82( ( 0o*3or4ia 0o* (l Ar+.@&J (l C.;.C7 lo) o024(*+o) ',li0o) o 'rivao) r(a0+ao) (* iio4a (+ra*-(ro7 )( 'r()(*+ar* a0o4'a5ao) ( )2 +ra200i1* al 0a)+(lla*o7 *o /o6a*o lo) No+ario) la 3a02l+a ( +ra20ir lo) +9+2lo) 0a4,iario) al 0a)+(lla*o.
1 Zaeferer Silva, Letra de cambio, cit. T. II
El a0+o )( lla4a 'ro+()+o 'or82( (l +(*(or a0( la 'ro+()+a ( r('(+ir +oa) la) 'éria)7 a5o)7 /a)+o) ( i*+(r()() 0o*+ra 82i(* a ao ori/(* al 4i)4o. La L(y lo a r(/2lao (* la 'ar+( /(*(ral 82( 0o*0i(r*( a +oo) lo) +9+2lo) P valor()7 y a(4)7 ()'(093i0a4(*+( (* r(3(r(*0ia a la l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 (* (l +i+2lo Q ( la S(00i1* S(/2*a. S( +ra+a ( 2* a0+o )2-(+o a 3or4alia() ()'(0ial(). ;or )2 4éri+o )( 0o*)(rva a la a00i1* ( 0o*+ra +oo) lo) o,li/ao)7 82( )i* (l 'ro+()+o )( '(r(r9a. D( lo ('r()ao (* (l Ar+.@$J ( la L(y )( ()'(*( 82( +ra+*o)( ( a82(llo) +9+2lo) 82( ()+* )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o7 *o 0a,( (o*(ra0i1* ( la ili/(*0ia a2*82( )( i*)+al( (* (l +i+2lo la 0l2)2la )i* 'ro+()+o 2 o+ra (82ival(*+( 82( r(l(v( ( +al o,li/a0i1*. La L(y o+or/a al 'ro+()+o 2*a 32*0i1* 'ro,a+oria y 2*a 0o*)(rva+iva ( lo) (r(0o) (l +(*(or (l +9+2lo. ;ro,a+oria7 (* 02a*+o a0r(i+a 82( (l o,li/ao o lo) o,li/ao) *o 024'li(ro* 0o* la) o,li/a0io*() r()'(0+iva)7 a0i(*o 'o)i,l( al +(*(or (-(r0i+ar la) a00io*() 0orr()'o*i(*+(). Co*)(rva+iva7 (* 02a*+o )i* ()( a0+o )( 'i(r(* la) a00io*() 'ro'ia ( lo) T9+2lo)Valor(). A(4)7 'or (l 'ro+()+o lo) +(r0(ro) ()+* (* 0o*i0io*() ( 0o*o0(r la (i)+(*0ia (l a0+o7 (vi+*o)( 82( '2(a* )(r o,-(+o ( (*/a5o.
III&!& E, t-tu,( .a,(r )(/( +()u/ent( El +9+2lo valor () (3i*io 0o4o 2* o024(*+o7 3ir4ao 'or (l (2or7 0o4o ya )( i-o. O+ro) *(/o0io) -2r9i0o) )o* (3i*io) 'or la l(y7 0o4o a0+o) o 0o*+ra+o)7 'o*i(*o é*3a)i) (* la 4a*i3()+a0i1* ( vol2*+a ( 82i(* o 82i(*() i*+(rvi(*(* (* (llo). E* 0a4,io7 (* (l +9+2lo valor (l o024(*+o +i(*( la 4ayor i4'or+a*0ia. E* (3(0+o7 )( (3i*( a lo) +9+2lo) valor() 0o4o o024(*+o)7 a/r(/a*o 82( a é)+o) )( l() 0o*)i/*a o a5a( 2* (r(0o7 82( )(/* 0i(r+a o0+ri*a M())i*(oK )( “o,-(+ivi6a”7 o )(a 82( )( ()'r(*( ( i*(r(*0ia) '(r)o*al() (* ,(*(3i0io ( la 0ir02la0i1* ( lo) (r(0o)7 0o* 4ayor i*(4*ia 'ara lo) a0r((or() y (l 0réi+o 'ara (l 4i)4o Viva*+( *o 0a,( a3ir4ar7 (* 'ar(0io )(*+io7 82( )( l() incorpora 2* (r(0o7 a2*82( ()+a () 2*a i4a/(* “'l)+i0a” 82(7 )i ,i(* *o r(al7 '2(( ar ,a)+a*+( *o0i1* ( 014o )( 0r(a (* (l +9+2lo P 0o)a 42(,l( y )2,)i)+( 0o* él o+ro (l(4(*+o 0o*0('+2al i(al y a,)+ra0+o 0o4o () (l (r(0o7 al 82( )( (*o4i*a “0ar+2lar” ( cartola7 cartolare, (* i+alia*o7 )i4'l(4(*+( “'a'(l”K7 'or o'o)i0i1* al lla4ao (r(0o “(+ra0ar+2lar”7
(rivao ( la r(la0i1* )2)+a*0ial ( ,a)( 0a2)a -2r9i0a7 (* )(*+io ( 32(*+(K 82( ori/i*1 (l o024(*+o. El o024(*+o a )io +rai0io*al4(*+( 2* 'a'(l 'or82( )1lo (l 'a'(l 'o9a 024'lir la 32*0i1* 82( lo) +9+2lo) valor() *or4al4(*+( ()(4'(5a* (* (l 0o4(r0io. Si* (4,ar/o7 2* 4(*)a-( ( a+o) v /r. (l “o024(*+o (l(0+r1*i0o”K '2(( oy 024'lir ()a 32*0i1* ( )o'or+( (l (r(0o7 )i(4'r( 82( +( ()+a,l(60a 2* 4oo ( a+ri,2ir la (0lara0i1* ( 4oo i*2,i+a,l( a 2* )2-(+o ( (r(0o. E* lo) +9+2lo) valor() (l o024(*+o *o () 4(ra4(*+( 'ro,a+orio ( 2* (r(0o7 )i*o 82( () a la v(6 % 0o*)+i+2+ivo i)'o)i+ivo y 'ro,a+orio (l (r(0o 0ar+2larK. E)+( (r(0o7 0o*)i/*ao (* (l +9+2lo7 *o 'r((i)+( al +9+2lo )i*o 82( *a0( 0o* él y ( 2* 4oo iv(r)o al 82( 'r((i)+9a a*+() ( la 0r(a0i1* (l o024(*+o. E* (l o024(*+o )( a0( 0o*)+ar 2* (r(0o y ( él (4(r/( la o,li/a0i1* 0orr(la+iva. Co* la 3ir4a ( ()( o024(*+o *a0(* 2*o y o+ro. Al 0r(ar)( (l o024(*+o7 *a0( (l (r(0o y la o,li/a0i1* 0orr()'o*i(*+(. ;r(0i)a4(*+(7 (l +9+2lo valor () 2* 4(0a*i)4o 0r(ao (* la 'r0+i0a7 (la,orao 'or la o0+ri*a y l2(/o r(0o/io 'or la L(y7 82( '(r4i+( a0(r Co*)+ar 2* (r(0o (* 2* o024(*+o7 0or'ori6*olo incorporación7 'ara al/2*a o0+ri*a documentación7 'ara o+ro )(0+orK y -(rar82i6a*o (l o024(*+o 82(7 ( ()+a 4a*(ra7 a82i(r( valor (* )9 4i)4o. La -(rar829a7 la) a'+i+2() y la) 32*0io*() (l o024(*+o '(r4i+(* 2*a 3or4a 4) 30il ( 0ir02la0i1* ( lo) (r(0o). E* (3(0+o7 (* l2/ar ( 0((r +al() (r(0o)7 )( +ra*)4i+( (l o024(*+o 0o4o 2*a 0o)a 42(,l(7 (l 82( +(*r i*0or'orao (l (r(0o 0o*)i/*ao (* él7 0o* lo 02al él 0ir02la 4) 30il4(*+( y 4) a* (* lo) +9+2lo) al portador 7 lo 02al )( a4'liar al +ra+ar)( )o,r( la l(/i+i4a0i1* y la) r(/la) o l(y() ( ()a 0ir02la0i1*K.
III&0& 1U2 T3TULOS VALORES SON PROTESTADOS # % < @ $
L(+ra ( 0a4,io ;a/aré arra*+ C(r+i3i0ao ( D('1)i+o) "a0+2ra Co*3or4aa T9+2lo ( Créi+o Hi'o+(0ario N(/o0ia,l( C(82( Ei)+(* 0la)() ( 0(82() 82( *o r(82i(r(* 'ro+()+o):
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C(82( ( G(r(*0ia C(82( Giro C(82( Gara*+i6ao C(82( Via-(ro
III&4& OBLI%ATORIEDAD DEL PROTESTO5 Dao (l 0ar0+(r i*(02)a,l( (l 'ro+()+o 'ara 4a*+(*(r la (3i0a0ia ( la) a00io*() +9'i0a) 82( (4(r/(* (l T9+2loValor )2-(+o a ()( +r4i+(7 la L(y *o a4i+( 82( )( i)'(*)( 'or 0ir02*)+a*0ia al/2*a. Ni la i*0a'a0ia7 *i la 42(r+( ( la '(r)o*a a 82i(* (l +9+2lo (,( )(r 'r()(*+ao i)'(*)a ( la o,li/a0i1* (l 'ro+()+o. E* ()+o) 0a)o)7 (l a0+o )( (*+(*(r 82( )( 024'l( 0o* (l r('r()(*+a*+( l(/al o 0o* lo) )20()or() (l o,li/ao. E) ( a0(r 'r()(*+( 82( la L(y i*i0a 82( (,(r (*+(*(r)( 82( (l r(82(ri4i(*+o a )io (0o a lo) )20()or() (l o,li/ao7 o )(a7 82( *o or(*a 82( la ili/(*0ia )( (*+i(*a 0o* i0o) )20()or(). E)+o )( ('li0a 'or82( *o '2(( (i/ir)( 82( la '(r)o*a 82( (3(0+( (l 'ro+()+o +(*/a 82( 0o*o0(r 82i(* )o* lo) )20()or() (l o,li/ao 82( a ao ori/(* al a0+o7 o 82( +(*/a 82( a0(r 2*a i*a/a0i1* r()'(0+o ( (llo)7 lo 82(7 (* 420o) 0a)o)7 'or9 ll(var vario) 9a)7 420o) 4) 82( a82(llo) (* (l 82( (l 'ro+()+o (,( )(r r(ali6ao. Si a 42(r+o la '(r)o*a a 82i(* (l +9+2lo valor (,( )(r 'r()(*+ao7 (l 'ro+()+o 82( )( r(ali0( 0o*+ra é)+a )2r+ir 'l(*o) (3(0+o) l(/al() i*0l2)iv( 0o*+ra )2) (r((ro)<.
III&6& PLA7O PARA EL PROTESTO ;ara 82( (l 'ro+()+o )(a (3(0+2ao vlia4(*+(7 +a*+o (l +(*(or 0o4o (l 3(a+ario No+ario o 2(6 ( ;a6K %K (,(r* r()'(+ar lo) 'la6o) ()+a,l(0io) 'or L(y. D( lo 0o*+rario7 )( '(r-2i0ar9a (l T9+2lo Valor7 () (0ir '(r(r9a 4éri+o 0a4,iario. ;or (llo r()2l+a )24a4(*+( i4'or+a*+( 82( +a*+o (l +(*(or 024'la 0o* (*+r(/ar (l Ti+2lo al "(a+ario 0o4o 82( ()+( l+i4o r(ali0( la ili/(*0ia ( 'ro+()+o (* lo) 'la6o) 'r(vio) 'or L(y7 '2() ( a4,o) ('(*( 82( (l +(*(or 82(( ('(i+o 'ara (-(02+ar la) a00io*() 0a4,iaria) 82( (riv(* (l T9+2lo Valor.
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El 'la6o (l ;ro+()+o ('(*(r ( 0aa T9+2lo Valor y ( )i (l 'ro+()+o () 'or 3al+a ( a0('+a0i1* o 'or 3al+a ( 'a/o.
E, Pr(test( *(r Fa,ta +e A)e*ta)i8n7 ( 2*a l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 (,(r r(ali6ar)( (*+ro (l 'la6o ( 'r()+a0i1* 'ara )2 a0('+a0i1* ( i*0l2)iv( a)+a lo) o0o K 9a) 'o)+(rior() al v(*0i4i(*+o ( i0o 'la6o7 ya 82( ()+( 32(ra 0o*v(*0io*al o l(/al. E, Pr(test( *(r 9a,ta +e *a:( +e ,a su/a +ineraria 82( r('r()(*+a7 (*+ro ( lo) # 9a) 'o)+(rior() a )2 v(*0i4i(*+o7 0o* (0('0i1* (l 0(82( y ( o+ro) valor() 0o* v(*0i4i(*+o a la vi)+a. E* la) l(+ra) ( 0a4,io 82( r(82i(ra* )(r a0('+aa) 'or i*i0ar)( (* (l 4i)4o o024(*+o 0a4,iario 2* 'la6o 'ara 82( (l /irao lo a0('+(7 a2*82( +a4,ié* () 'o)i,l( 82( (* (l o024(*+o 0a4,iario *o )( )(5al( 02al () i0o 'la6o. E* (l 'ri4(r 0a)o ()+a4o) 3r(*+( a 2* 'la6o 0o*v(*0io*al (* (l )(/2*o La L(y i4'o*( 82( (l 'la6o 'ara la a0('+a0i1* *o )(a 4ayor a 2* a5o o'(ra*o 'or lo +a*+o (l 'la6o l(/al. “La Cor+( S2'r(4a (* (-(02+oria ( #$ ( 4ayo ( #%7 ()+a,l(0i1 82(7 a2*82( (l 'ro+()+o (l +9+2lo valor '2(( l(va*+ar)( 0o*+ra '(r)o*a 3all(0ia7 la a00i1* -2i0ial *o '2(( iri/ir)( )i*o 0o*+ra )2 )20()i1* y 82( (l 'ar+( ( 2*a ()0ri+2ra ',li0a 82( )( 'a)a a lo) r(/i)+ro) ;,li0o) *o 0o*)+i+2y( (l +()+i4o*io. ;2() ,i(*7 ya )(a 82( ()+(4o) (* 2*o 2 o+ro 0a)o7 )i (l /irao *o a0('+a la l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 '()( a 82( )( l( a )io 4o)+raa 'ara )2 a0('+a0i1*7 (l +(*(or +(*r a)+a (l v(*0i4i(*+o (l 'la6o )(5alao (* (l +9+2lo o7 ( )(r (l 0a)o7 a)+a 2* a5o ( /iraa la l(+ra ( 0a4,io 'la6o l(/alK 'ara 'r()(*+ar (l +i+2lo valor al 3(a+ario7 82i(* (*+ro ( ()+( +ér4i*o o i*0l2)iv( a)+a lo) o0o K 9a) 'o)+(rior()7 'or (3(0+2ar (l 'ro+()+o 'or 3al+a ( a0('+a0i1*.
E, Pr(test( *(r Fa,ta +e Pa:(; +e t-tu,( .a,(r 82( r('r()(*+a* )24a) ( i*(ro a (0('0i1* (l 0(82( y o+ro) +9+2lo) valor() 0o* v(*0i4i(*+o a la vi)+aK7 (,(r r(ali6ar)( (*+ro ( lo) 82i*0( #K 9a) 'o)+(rior() al v(*0i4i(*+o (l +9+2lo valor. E)+( 'la6o ( 'ro+()+o 'or 3al+a ( 'a/o () a'li0a,l( a lo) +9+2lo) valor() 02yo v(*0i4i(*+o *o )(a a la vi)+a7 () (0ir 82( *o )(a* (i/i,l() ()( 82( )o* 4o)+rao) al o,li/ao 'ri*0i'al7 )i*o 82( v(*6a* (* 2*a 3(0a (+(r4i*aa7 lo 82( 'or9a )20((r +ra+*o)( ( 2*a
l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 2* 'a/aré7 2* 0(r+i3i0ao ,a*0ario (* 4o*(a (+ra*-(ra o 2* 0(r+i3i0ao ,a*0ario ( 4o*(a *a0io*al.
III&<& LU%AR DEL PROTESTO ;or r(/la /(*(ral7 (l 'ro+()+o (,( a0(r)( (* (l l2/ar ()i/*ao 'ara )2 'r()(*+a0i1* al 'a/o7 )(/* la *a+2ral(6a (l +9+2lo valor @.
III&$& LA DILI%ENCIA DE PROTESTO La 'r()(*+( l(/i)la0i1* ( )o,r( +9+2lo) valor()7 a 4oi3i0ao )2)+a*0ial4(*+( la a*+(rior +ra4i+a0i1* (l 'ro+()+o7 a +al '2*+o 82( aora 0o*)i)+( ()(*0ial4(*+( (* 2*a *o+i3i0a0i1* iri/ia al o,li/ao 'ri*0i'al7 ( 02ya r(ali6a0i1* ar 3( (l 3(a+ario No+ario o 2(6 ( ;a6K E)+a *o+i3i0a0i1* (,(r )(r (3(0+2aa 'or (l No+ario o )2) )(0r(+ario) o (* )2 (3(0+o 'or (l 2(6 ( ;a6 (l i)+ri+o 0orr()'o*i(*+( al l2/ar ( 'a/o. Co4o )( avi(r+(7 () 'o)i,l( 82( lo) )(0r(+ario) (l No+ario '2(a* (3(0+2ar (l
4 Le$ de T&t'lo (alore!
;ro+()+o7 'ara lo 02al (,(r* ()+ar ()i/*ao) 'or (l No+ario r()'(0+ivo y (,ia4(*+( i*)0ri+o) (* (l r(/i)+ro (l Col(/io ( No+ario) 0orr()'o*i(*+(.
III&=& D3AS >?BILES PARA REALI7AR EL PROTESTO Co* (0('0i1* ( lo) 9a) ),ao)7 o4i*/o)7 9a) *o la,ora,l() y 9a) 3(riao)7 +oo) lo) (4) 9a) ( la )(4a*a )o* ,il() 'ara (3(0+2ar (l 'ro+()+o. ;or lo +a*+o7 (l 'ro+()+o )(r vlio (* la 4(ia 82( )( r(ali0( (* al/* 9a 0o4'r(*io (*+r( L2*() y Vi(r*()7 )i(4'r( 82( )(a ,il 0laro ()+ 82( a(4) ( lo a*+(rior la *o+i3i0a0i1* r(la+iva al 'ro+()+o (,(r ili/(*0iar)( (*+ro ( lo) 'la6o) 'r(vi)+o) 'ara 0aa +9+2lo valor. Ca,( )(5alar 82( lo) 9a) 3(riao)7 S,ao y Do4i*/o y *o la,ora,l(7 )i )( 0o*)i(ra* 'ara (l 0o4'2+o (l 'la6o (l 'ro+()+o7 '(ro )i (l l+i4o 9a ( 'ro+()+o 32(ra i*,il7 (l 'la6o ( 'ro+()+o 82(ar 'rorro/ao a)+a (l 9a ,il )i/2i(*+(.
III&@& FORMALIDADES DE LA NOTIFICACI'N DEL PROTESTO La *o+i3i0a0i1* (l 'ro+()+o 82( (l 3(a+ario 02r)( al o,li/ao 'ri*0i'al (* )2 o4i0ilio7 (,(r 0o*+(*(r lo )i/2i(*+( : a. El *4(ro 0orr(la+ivo 82( l( 0orr()'o*(. S( (*+i(*( 82( 0aa *o+i3i0a0i1* (,(r ll(var )i/*ao 2* *4(ro y 82( la *24(ra0i1* (,(r )(r )20()iva +o4a*o (* 02(*+a a82(l 82( 32( (l l+i4o7 ( 4oo 82( )( 4a*+(*/a 2* or(* 0ro*ol1/i0o. ,. La i*i0a0i1* (l l2/ar y 3(0a ( la *o+i3i0a0i1* la 3(0a 0o4'r(*( (l a5o7 4() y 9a (l 'ro+()+o7 ()+( a+o '(r4i+ir a'r(0iar )i la *o+i3i0a0i1* (l 'ro+()+o )( (3(0+21 (* la o'or+2*ia 82( )(5ala la L(y. 0. El *o4,r( (l o,li/ao 0o*+ra 82i(* )( r(ali6a (l 'ro+()+o7 ()+o ()7 (l *o4,r( ( la '(r)o*a 0o*+ra 82i(* )( iri/( la *o+i3i0a0i1*7 +al '(r)o*a *o () o+ra 82( (l /irao )i (l 'ro+()+o () 'or 3al+a ( a0('+a0i1* ( 2*a l(+ra ( 0a4,ioK o (l a0('+a*+( )i (l 'ro+()+o () 'or 3al+a ( 'a/oK . La i*i0a0i1* (l o4i0ilio o*( )( iri/( la *o+i3i0a0i1*. (. El *o4,r( (l )oli0i+a*+(7 (llo '(r4i+ir i(*+i3i0ar al +(*(or (l +9+2lo valor. 3. No4,r( y ir(00i1* (l 3(a+ario 82( r(ali6a la *o+i3i0a0i1* (llo () a)9 'or82( () (l *o+ario 82i(* a)24( la r()'o*)a,ilia 'or )2) 'ro'io) a0+o)7 5 Le$ de T&t'lo (alore!
0o4o 'or lo) (l )(0r(+ario 82( ()i/*o la 4i)4a r(/la )( a'li0a a lo) 2(0() ( ;a6. /. "ir4a (l 3(a+ario o ( )(r (l 0a)o (l )(0r(+ario *o+arial )( a'li0a ()+a (i/(*0ia 'or82( (l 32*0io*ario (l 'ro+()+o () (l 82( a 3( ( la r(ali6a0i1* (l a0+o. E)+a *o+i3i0a0i1* (,(r )(r (*+r(/aa '(r)o*al4(*+( o (*viaa 'or (l 3(a+ario 2+ili6a*o 4(io) 39)i0o)7 +(l(4+i0o) 2 o+ro) i1*(o) 82( a)(/2r(* y (42()+r(* )2 r(0('0i1* (* (l o4i0ilio )(5alao 0o4o l2/ar ( 'a/o.
C8/( se a)re+ita ue un t-tu,( .a,(r a si+( *r(testa+( El +(*(or '2(( a0r(i+ar 82( 2* +9+2lo valor a )io (,ia4(*+( 'ro+()+ao 4(ia*+( la 0l2)2la Do024(*+o ;ro+()+ao 82( )(r i*)(r+aa 'or (l 3(a+ario (* (l +9+2lo valor (* (l 0a)o ( 82( (l o,li/ao 'ri*0i'al *o aya (3(0+2ao (l 'a/o ( la o,li/a0i1* 0o*+(*ia (* (l +9+2lo7 a)+a (l 9a )i/2i(*+( ( a,ér)(l( *o+i3i0ao (,ia4(*+( (l 'ro+()+o. Di0a 0l2)2la (,( 0o*+(*(r la 3(0a (* 82( )( 02r)1 la *o+i3i0a0i1* y la 3ir4a (l 3(a+ario.
III&#"& IMPOSIBILIDAD DEL PROTESTO La L(y 'r(vé (l 0a)o ( 82( la 'r()(*+a0i1* (l +9+2lo valor o la 3or4ali6a0i1* (l 'ro+()+o )( i0i(ra* i4'o)i,l() 'or 4a*a+o ( la L(y7 o 'or i)'o)i0i1* /2,(r*a4(*+al 4o+ivaa 'or 0a2)a ( 32(r6a 4ayor. E* ()+o) 0a)o) lo) 'la6o) 82(a* 'rorro/ao) 'or +oo (l +ér4i*o 82( )( )(5al( (* la *or4a r()'(0+iva. E) (vi(*+( 82( 2*a L(y o 2*a i)'o)i0i1* /2,(r*a4(*+al7 )o* 'or )i 4i)4a)7 2* a0+o ( 32(r6a 4ayor7 02al82i(ra 82( )(a )2 4o+iva0i1*7 '2() a4,a) *or4a) (,(* )(r 024'lia)7 a2* 02a*o (l 4o+ivo '2(a )(r 'or 0a)o 3or+2i+o. A)9 4i)4o7 +a*+o la 32(r6a 4ayor 0o4o (l 0a)o 3or+2i+o )o* 0a2)a) (i4(*+() ( r()'o*)a,ilia7 'or lo 82(7 (* (l 3o*o7 lo 82( a r(82(rio 'r(0i)ar (l Ar+. @@ () lo r(3(r(*+( al l94i+( (l i4'(i4(*+o (* 02a*+o al 'la6o. E)+( )(r9a *o )olo (l 82( )(5al( la *or4a l(/al7 )i*o (l +ér4i*o ( 2ra0i1* ( la a02)a i4'(i+iva (l 024'li4i(*+o.
III&##& FORMALIDADES DEL PROTESTO DEVOLUCION DEL TITULO El 'ro+()+o (,( 0o*)+ar (* a0+a7 () (0ir7 (* o024(*+o 82( (l No+ario o 2(6 ( ;a6 (,( (+(*(r (* 2* R(/i)+ro E)'(0ial7 02ya) o-a) 'or* )(r 6 Le$ de T&t'lo (alore!
i4'r()a) (* 3or42lario) 0o*3(00io*ao) 'ara +al 3i*7 0o* (l 0o*+(*io (*2*0iao (* (l Ar+. . La i*i0a0i1* (l l2/ar () *(0()aria 'ara (l (3(0+o ( a0r(i+ar )i )( 024'li1 0o* la) (i/(*0ia) (l Ar+. &. =2( 'r(vé lo) i)+i*+o) )2'2()+o) r(la0io*ao) 0o* la 'r()(*+a0i1* 'ara (l 'a/o7 o7 )i (l +i+2lo *o 0o*+2vi(r( i*i0a0i1* ( o4i0ilio7 (l l2/ar o*( (,( (3(0+2ar)( (l 'ro+()+o. La 3(0a 0o4'r(*( (l a5o7 4() y 9a (l 'ro+()+o. E)+( a+o '(r4i+ir a'r(0iar )i (l a0+o )( r(ali61 (* la o'or+2*ia 82( ()+a,l(0( la l(y7 () (0ir7 (*+ro ( lo) 'la6o) )(5alao) (* (l Ar+. @. La Cor+( S2'r(4a7 (* E-(02+oria ( % ( 4ayo ( #$%7 ()+a,l(0i1 82( (l ;ro+()+o r(ali6ao 'r(4a+2ra4(*+( *o 'ro20( 4éri+o (-(02+ivo y 82( 'ara 3i-ar (l v(*0i4i(*+o ( la) l(+ra) a 0i(r+o +i(4'o a vi)+a)7 )( r(82i(r( *(0()aria4(*+( 82( (* (l +9+2lo valor 0o*)+( la a0('+a0i1* y la 3(0a ( ()+a Ar+. $% ( la L(y #$K. E* (l 0a)o ( L(+ra)7 ;a/aré) y Val() a la Or(* a,r 82( +(*(r (* 02(*+a7 a(4)7 la) i)'o)i0io*() r(3(r(*+() al v(*0i4i(*+o 0o*+(*ia) (* lo) Ar+). y )i/2i(*+(). ;or o+ra 'ar+(7 la 3(0a )(rvir 'ara (+(r4i*ar )i la 'r()(*+a0i1* al 'ro+()+o )( r(ali61 (* 9a ,il. La Hora7 r()2l+a +a4,ié* ( )i/*i3i0a0i1* 'or 02a*+o (l 'ro+()+o )1lo '2(( 024'lir)( a*+() ( la) i(0i*2(v( ora). D(,( av(r+ir)( 82( la L(y )olo )(5ala 2*a ora 3i*al7 4) *o 2*a ora i*i0ial 'ara ili/(*0iar (l 'ro+()+o. La L(y )( r(3i(r( a 9a) ,il() Ar+.
El *o4,r( ( la '(r)o*a 0o*+ra 82i(* )( iri/( (l 'ro+()+o7 *o (,( (-ar ( 4(*0io*ar)( 'or82( () (l r()'o*)a,l(7 o )(a7 0o* 82i(* (,( (*+(*(r)( la ili/(*0ia7 a2*82( *o *(0()aria4(*+(. El *o4,r( ( la '(r)o*a7 0o* 82i(* )( (*+i(*( (l 'ro+()+o7 y )2 r()'2()+a o 4o+ivo) ( la 3al+a ( ()+a. E)+o '(r4i+ir 0o*o0(r la ra61* 'or la 02al *o )( o,+2vo la a0('+a0i1* o (l 'a/o7 )(/* (l 0a)o7 lo 82( '2(( i*3l2ir (* la 0o*20+a ( lo) (4) i*+(r()ao) (* a0('+ar o 'a/ar (* l2/ar (l 82( r(2)1 o *o '2o )(r a,io. E* ()+a 3or4a )( a l2/ar a la i*+(rv(*0i1* 'or o*or7 +ra+*o)( ( la) l(+ra) ( 0a4,io. ;2((7 +ra+*o)( ( ()+( 4i)4o i*)+r24(*+o arr(/lar)( la) r(la0io*()7 a2* la )o* 0a4,iaria)7 (*+r( (l /iraor y (l /irao )2,)a*ar)( (* (rror (* la) 82( 2,i()( i*02rrio (l li,raor al (4i+ir 2* +9+2lo7 ,a-o (l 0o*0('+o (82ivo0ao 82( (,9a )(r a0('+ao o 'a/ao 02a*o *o (i)+( 4o+ivo 'ara (llo7 o 02a*o (l 4o+ivo '2o a,(r ()a'ar(0io. La +ra*)0ri'0i1* (l +9+2lo ri/(7 ()( l2(/o7 'ara (l 0a)o ( 82( (l 'ro+()+o )( a/a 'or a0+o )('arao7 () (0ir7 *o 0o*)+( (l o024(*+o 4i)4o. La Cor+( S2'r(4a7 (* E-(02+oria ( #& ( *ovi(4,r( ( #$7 r()olvi1 82( 0ar(0( ( 4éri+o (-(02+ivo (l a0+a ( 'ro+()+o 'or 3al+a ( 'a/o ( 2* 'a/aré )i (* (lla *o )( +ra*)0ri,(* la) r(*ova0io*() (l 4i)4o. La 3ir4a (l No+ario o 2(6 ( ;a6 o7 (* )2 0a)o7 la (l )(0r(+ario *o+arial 82( (3(0+( la ili/(*0ia () *(0()aria 'or82( (l 32*0io*ario (l 'ro+()+o () (l 82( a 3( ( la r(ali6a0i1* (l a0+o. Co4o '2(( a'r(0iar)(7 *o )( (i/( la 3ir4a ( a82él 0o*+ra 82i(* (l 'ro+()+o )( a 3or4ali6ao7 lo 82( )( -2)+i3i0a 'ara i4'(ir 82( la *(/a+iva (l o,li/ao (+(*/a la r(ali6a0i1* ( la ili/(*0ia7 )alvo 82( é)+( i*vo82( la 3al)(a ( la 3ir4a 82( )( l( a+ri,2y( y 'ara (l (3(0+o ( i4'(ir la a00i1* (-(02+iva. D( a02(ro 0o* (l 0ar0+(r li+(ral (l +9+2lo valor y a (3(0+o ( 82( la) vi0i)i+2() (0i)iva) (* la via (l 4i)4o a'ar(60a* (l o024(*+o7 (l D(0r(+o L(y NJ %&$#% (l < ( S('+i(4,r( ( #$@7 4oi3i0a+orio (l Ar+. ( la L(y ( +9+2lo) valor()7 (i/( 82( (* +9+2lo 'ro+()+ao )( ()+a4'( 2* )(llo 82( i*i82( 82( (l 'ro+()+o )( a (3(0+2ao7 )( 'r(0i)( la 3(0a ( la ili/(*0ia y )( 3ir4( 'or (l 32*0io*ario i*+(rvi*i(*+(.
La Cor+( S2'r(4a r()olvi1 82( +i(*(* 4éri+o (-(02+ivo la) l(+ra) 'ro+()+aa) ( a02(ro a lo i)'2()+o (* (l Ar+. ( la L(y #$7 *o )i(*o o,li/a+oria la 'r()(*+a0i1* (l +()+i4o*io ( 'ro+()+o r()'(0+ivo y 82( )i (l No+ario *o 3ir4a la 0o*)+a*0ia (l 'ro+()+o7 la l(+ra 0ar(0( ( 4éri+o (-(02+ivo. I/2al4(*+(7 la Cor+( S2'r(4a a r()2(l+o 82( (l )(llo *o+arial (l 'ro+()+o (,( ()+a4'ar)( (* (l 'ro'io +9+2lo valor y *o (* o-a a'ar+( 82( 0ar(0( ( 4éri+o (-(02+ivo (l 'a/aré 0o* )(llo ( 'ro+()+o )i* 3(0a y7 'or a5ai2ra7 ()+a4'ao (* 3or4a irr(/2lar y 82( lo) 2(0() y Tri,2*al() ()+* o,li/ao) a o,)(rvar la) i)'o)i0io*() l(/al() )o,r( (4'l(o o i*2+ili6a0i1* ( +i4,r() 82( 0o* arr(/lo al Ar+. ( la L(y ( T9+2lo) Valor()7 ,a)+a la 0o*)+a*0ia )(llaa ( 'ro+()+o '2()+a 'or (l No+ario 'ara 82( (l +(*(or (l i*)+r24(*+o '2(a (-(r0i+ar la) a00io*() r()'(0+iva) 82( *o () r(82i)i+o i*i)'(*)a,l( 'ara la 'ro0((*0ia ( la a00i1* (-(02+iva (l )(llo *o+arial ( 'ro+()+o (* (l +9+2lo valor (* 0o,ra*6a7 02a*o )( a0o4'a5a a la (4a*a (l r()'(0+ivo +()+i4o*io (l 'ro+()+o y 82( lo) No+ario) 82( o4i+a* )(llar (l +9+2lo 'ro+()+ao (* la 3or4a 'r(v(*ia (* (l Ar+. ( la L(y #$ )o* 'a)i,l() ( r()'o*)a,ilia i)0i'li*aria7 )i* '(r-2i0io ( la r()'o*)a,ilia 0ivil 82( ()+a,l(0( (l Ar+. $ ( la a0o+aa y 82( (l )(llo ( 'ro+()+o '2()+o 'or (l No+ario (* la l(+ra () ,a)+a*+( 'ara i0+ar (l a2+o ( )olv(*+o. E* 02a*+o a la (vol20i1* (l o024(*+o a )2 +(*(or l(/9+i4o7 )olo 'ro0(( ()'2é) ( v(*0io (l +(r4i*o 'or (l 02al (l 32*0io*ario (,( r(+(*(rlo7 'ara ar o'or+2*ia al o,li/ao a 82( 024'la 0o* la a0('+a0i1* o (l 'a/o. E)( +ér4i*o () la) i(0i*2(v( ora) (l 9a (* 82( la ili/(*0ia )( a r(ali6ao. S( ()'r(*( ( lo a*+(rior 82( (l 32*0io*ario (l 'ro+()+o (,( ()+ar 42*io (l o024(*+o al r(ali6ar la ili/(*0ia7 '2() (l o,li/ao '2(( ()+ar i)'2()+o a (3(0+2ar la a0('+a0i1*7 82( (,(r 0o*)+ar7 *(0()aria4(*+(7 (* la l(+ra o '2(( (3(0+2ar (l 'a/o7 (* 02yo 0a)o +i(*( (r(0o a 82( )( l( (*+r(/2( (l +9+2lo7 'ara a0(r val(r lo) (r(0o) 82( l( 0orr()'o*(*. ;2(( o02rrir 82( *o (*0o*+r*o)( 'r()(*+( (l o,li/ao al (3(0+2ar)( la ili/(*0ia7 o *o ()+a*o (* 0o*i0i1* ( 'a/ar ( i*4(ia+o7 ()+é i)'2()+o a a0(rlo (* la o3i0i*a (l 32*0io*ario 82( r(ali61 la ili/(*0ia. D( a829 la -2)+i3i0a0i1* (l 'la6o )(5alao (* la L(y. Si (l 'ro+()+o () 'or 3al+a ( 'a/o7 (l 32*0io*ario (*0ar/ao ( la ili/(*0ia a4i+ir la )24a 82( (* (l i*+(rvalo (*+r(/a)( (l o,li/ao (* 0a*0(la0i1* ( la
l(+ra y ( lo) /a)+o) r()'(0+ivo)7 *o '2i(*o r(0a6ar (l 'a/o a2*82( 32(r( 'ar0ial 'or82( ()( 'a/o *o 'or9a r(0a6arlo *i (l +i+2lar (l o024(*+o. La L(y ()+a,l(0(* 82( (,(* 'a/ar)(7 a(4)7 lo) /a)+o) r()'(0+ivo) o )(a7 a82(llo) 82( (l 'or+aor )( a vi)+o o,li/ao a (3(0+2ar 'ara o,+(*(r (l 'a/o ( la o,li/a0i1*7 *o 82(a*o 0o4'r(*io) lo) a5o) y '(r-2i0io)7 82( )o* o,-(+o ( r(/2la0i1* a'ar+(. D(,( +a4,ié* 'a/ar lo) /a)+o) -2i0ial()7 ll(/ao (l 0a)o Ar+. 7
III&#!& INDEMNI7ACI'N POR EL CAUSANTE DEL PROTESTO La r()'o*)a,ilia (l 82( *o a0('+a o *o 'a/a (l o024(*+o 0o4'r(*( lo) /a)+o)7 a5o) y '(r-2i0io) $7 )alvo lo i)'2()+o 'ara la l(+ra ( 0a4,io (* (l Ar+. #% ( la L(y a)9 lo i)'o*( (l Ar+. .
7 Le$ de T&t'lo (alore!
Si )( +ra+a ( +9+2lo) valor() 0r(i+i0io)7 la i*(4*i6a0i1* ( a5o) y '(r-2i0io) ()+ r('r()(*+aa 'or (l i4'or+( (l i*+(ré) l(/al +ra+*o)( ( o+ra) 0la)() ( +9+2lo) valor() a,r9a 82( a0(r la a'r(0ia0i1* ( lo) a5o) y '(r-2i0io). E) ( a0(r *o+ar 82(7 (* r(3(r(*0ia a la l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 lo) i*+(r()() l(/al() 0orr(* a 'ar+ir (l v(*0i4i(*+o +ra+*o)( (l 0(82(7 ()( (l 9a ( la 'r()(*+a0i1*. Si (l Ba*0o /irao *o 'a/a (l 0(82( )i* -2)+a 0a2)a7 (,( r()ar0ir al /iraor lo) a5o) y '(r-2i0io).
III�& FORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL PROTESTO 1ue +ee enten+erse *(r 9(r/a,i+a+ sustitut(ria Ei)+(* o) 0la)() ( 3or4alia() )2)+i+2+oria): la 0l2)2la ( li,(ra0i1* ( 'ro+()+o y la 0o*)+a*0ia ( 3al+a ( 'a/o +ra+*o)( ( +9+2lo) valor() 'a/a(ro) 0o* 0ar/o a 02(*+a. E* (l 'ri4(r 0a)o7 )( i*0l2y( la 0l2)2la )i* 'ro+()+o 2 o+ra (82ival(*+( (* (l +9+2lo valor7 (* (l a0+o ( )2 (4i)i1* o a0('+a0i1*: (* (l )(/2*o 0a)o7 () 2*a 0o*)+a*0ia 82( a 02(*+a ( la 3al+a ( 'a/o ( 2* +9+2lo valor 'a/a(ro 0o* 0ar/o (* 02(*+a ( 2*a (4'r()a (l )i)+(4a 3i*a*0i(ro *a0io*al. E* a4,o) 0a)o)7 la 3i*alia () )2)+i+2ir o (vi+ar 82( (+(r4i*ao +9+2lo valor )( )o4(+a al 'ro+()+o a +ravé) ( 2* *o+ario o -2(6 ( 'a6. C8/( se e9e)ta ,a 9(r/a,i+a+ sustitut(ria en ,(s t-tu,(s .a,(res *a:a+er(s )(n )ar:( en )uenta Lo) +9+2lo) valor() 'a/a(ro) 0o* 0ar/o (* 02(*+a )o* a82(llo) 82( 0o*+i(*(* 2*a 0l2)2la ()'(0ial ( 'a)o 0o* 0ar/o (* 02(*+a ,a*0aria )i(*o /(*(ral4(*+( 0(82() 2 o+ro) +9+2lo) valor() 82( ll(va* i*)(r+a i0a 0l2)2la 'or a02(ro ( lo) i*+(rvi*i(*+(). Aora ,i(*7 0o4o ya (4o) )(5alao7 (* (l 0a)o ( ()+o) +9+2lo) valor() 'or )2)+i+2ir)( la ili/(*0ia (l 'ro+()+o 0o* 2*a 3or4alia )2)+i+2+oria. E)+a 0o*)i)+( (* la 0o*)+a*0ia ( i*024'li4i(*+o ( 'a/o 82( la (4'r()a (l )i)+(4a 3i*a*0i(ro *a0io*al (,( 0olo0ar (* (l +9+2lo valor a '(io (l +(*(or. A)97 (* (l 0(82(7 (l 'ro+()+o 'or 3al+a ( 'a/o '2(( )2)+i+2ir)( 'or la 0o*)+a*0ia ( i*024'li4i(*+o '2()+a (* (l +9+2lo valor 'or (l ,a*0o /irao7 ao 82( é)+a a0r(i+a 'or )9 )ola (l r(0a6o (l +9+2lo valor. Di0a) 0o4'ro,a0io*() '2((* (3(0+2ar)(7 a )oli0i+2 (l i*+(r()ao7 ()( la 'ri4(ra 'r()(*+a0i1*
(l 0(82( o (* la o'or+2*ia 82( (0ia )2 +(*(or7 2ra*+( (l 'la6o l(/al ( )2 'r()(*+a0i1* 'ara )2 'a/o.
III& LAS FORMALIDADES SUSTITUTORIAS DEL PROTESTO&G El 'a0+o ( *o 'ro+()+o +ra+ao (* (l Art. 81 de la Ley 0o*)+i+2y( 2* 0a4,io )i/*i3i0a+ivo 0o* r()'(0+o al +(+o (l Ar+. @$ ( la L(y #$7 'or 02a*+o ()+a,l(0( 82( (* lo) +9+2lo) valor() )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o () vlia la 0l2)2la “Si* ;ro+()+o” 2 o+ra (82ival(*+( 82( )( i*0l2ya (* (l +(+o (l +9+2lo valor7 0o*3or4( al Art. 52 de la Ley 7 'or la 02al )( li,(ra al +(*(or ( la o,li/a0i1* ( 'ro+()+ar (l +9+2lo valor. E* 0a4,io7 (l 0i+ao Ar+. @$ ( la L(y #$ i)'o*( 82( (* ()+o) +9+2lo) valor() )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o7 la 0l2)2la “Si* ;ro+()+o” 2 o+ra (82ival(*+( 82( r(l(v( ( la o,li/a0i1* ( 'ro+()+ar7 )( +(*r 'or *o '2()+a. D(,( +(*(r)( 'r()(*+( 82( la 0l2)2la “Si* ;ro+()+o” *o ri/( 'ara (l 'ro+()+o 'or 3al+a ( a0('+a0i1* ( la l(+ra ( 0a4,io7 (l 4i)4o 82( (,( ll(var)( a 0a,o a2* 02a*o )( aya li,(rao (l 'ro+()+o. El Art. 82 de la Ley 82( +ra+a a0(r0a (l 'ro+()+o ( +9+2lo) valor() 'a/a(ro) 0o* 0ar/o (* 02(*+a ()+a,l(0( la) r(/la) 'ara (l 'ro+()+o ( lo) 0(82() y ( o+ro) +9+2lo) valor() )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o. E* ()+o) 0a)o) )2r+ir +oo) lo) (3(0+o) (l 'ro+()+o la 0o*)+a*0ia 82( (-( la (4'r()a r()'(0+iva (l Si)+(4a "i*a*0i(ro Na0io*al (* (l 4i)4o +9+2lo valor. Ca,( )(5alar 82( a i3(r(*0ia ( lo ()+a,l(0io (* (l l+i4o 'rra3o (l Ar+. #$& ( la L(y #$ 82( )(5ala 82( la 0o4'ro,a0i1* (,( )(r '2()+a (l 'ri4(r 9a +il )i/2i(*+( a la 'r()(*+a0i1*7 (l a*+() 0i+ao Art. 82 de la Ley ()+a,l(0( 82( i0a 0o4'ro,a0i1* (,( )(r '2()+a (*+ro (l 'la6o 0orr()'o*i(*+( al r()'(0+ivo +9+2lo valor 'ara )2 'ro+()+o )(5alao (* (l Art. 72 de la Ley . ;or l+i4o (l Art. 83 de la Ley l( 0o*0(( al +(*(or la 3a02l+a ( o'+ar ,a-o )2 0o)+o 'or (l 'ro+()+o *o+arial (l +9+2lo valor7 )i* '(r-2i0io ( la) i)'o)i0io*() 0o*+(*ia) (* ()+( T9+2lo 82( +ra+a a0(r0a ( la) 3or4alia() )2)+i+2+oria) (l 'ro+()+o. E* 82( 0o*)i)+( la 3or4alia )2)+i+2+oria (l 'ro+()+o ( lo) +9+2lo) valor().
8 Le$ de "ercado de (alore!
Lo) +9+2lo) valor() )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o '2((* +a4,ié* )(r o,-(+o ( 2*a 3or4alia )2)+i+2+oria (l 'ro+()+o7 la 4i)4a 82( 0o*)i)+( (* (l r((4'la6o ( la 3or4alia (l 'ro+()+o 'ara a,ili+ar al +(*(or (l +9+2lo valor a 82( (-(r0( la) a00io*() 0a4,iaria) 0o*+ra lo) o,li/ao) (l r(3(rio +9+2lo. La 3i*alia ( la) 3or4alia() )2)+i+2+oria) () -2)+a4(*+( )2)+i+2ir o (vi+ar 82( (+(r4i*ao +9+2lo valor )( )o4(+a al +r4i+( (l 'ro+()+o7 r(ali6ao a*+( 2* *o+ario o -2(6 ( 'a67 'ara a)9 a/ili6ar la (-(020i1* (l r(3(rio +9+2lo. N2()+ra L(y ( T9+2lo) Valor() L(y %$%$ (* )2) ar+902lo) #@ y %7 r(/2la o) 0la)() ( 3or4alia() )2)+i+2+oria): La ),Husu,a +e ,iera)i8n +e *r(test( M(ia*+( (lla )( i*0l2y( la 0l2)2la “Si* ;ro+()+o” 2 o+ra (82ival(*+( (* (l +9+2lo valor7 al 4o4(*+o ( )2 (4i)i1* o a0('+a0i1* y La )(nstan)ia +e 9a,ta +e *a:( =2( () 2*a 0o*)+a*0ia 82( i*3or4a ( la 3al+a ( 'a/o ( 2* +9+2lo valor7 'a/a(ro 0o* 0ar/o a 02(*+a ( 2*a (4'r()a (l )i)+(4a 3i*a*0i(ro *a0io*al. D( la) 3or4alia() )2)+i+2+oria) (l 'ro+()+o Co4o ya (4o) 0o4(*+ao7 (l ar+902lo % ( la l(y i)'o*( 82( (l +(*(or )( li,(ra (l r(82i)i+o ( r(ali6ar (l 'ro+()+o (l +9+2lo valor 4(ia*+( 0l2)2la 0o*)i/*aa (* (l 'ro'io +9+2lo. Aora7 )i (l +(*(or o'+a 'or r(ali6ar (l 'ro+()+o7 lo) /a)+o) r()'(0+ivo) )o* 'or )2 02(*+a7 y *o 'or (l o,li/ao 'ri*0i'al. E* (l 0a)o (l 'ro+()+o ( +9+2lo) valor() 'a/a(ro) 0o* 0ar/o (* 02(*+a7 )( ()+a,l(0( 82( )2r+ir +oo) lo) (3(0+o) (l 'ro+()+o la 0o*)+a*0ia 82( (-( la (4'r()a r()'(0+iva (l Si)+(4a "i*a*0i(ro Na0io*al (* (l 4i)4o +9+2lo valor. "i*al4(*+(7 la (4'r()a (l Si)+(4a "i*a*0i(ro Na0io*al 82( (-( 0o*)+a*0ia 82( la 0a2)a 82( 4o+iva la 3al+a ( 'a/o () la i*)23i0i(*0ia ( 3o*o) 82(a 3a02l+aa a r(ali6ar )2 'a/o 'ar0ial7 (* 02yo 0a)o (l +(*(or ()+ o,li/ao a r(0i,irlo. %&.. T9+2lo) valor() *o )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o La l(y ()+a,l(0( 82( (+(r4i*ao) +9+2lo) valor() *o ()+* )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o7 *i a 3or4alia al/2*a 82( lo )2)+i+2ya. ;ara (-(r0i+ar la) a00io*() 0a4,iaria) (rivaa) ( (llo)7 () )23i0i(*+( 82( )( aya v(*0io (l 'la6o o r()2l+( (i/i,l( la o,li/a0i1*. E*+r( ()+o) +9+2lo) valor() 4(*0io*a4o) al/2*o): 9 Le$ de "ercado de (alore!
C(r+i3i0ao Ba*0ario (* Mo*(a E+ra*-(ra C(r+i3i0ao Ba*0ario Mo*(a Na0io*al Co*o0i4i(*+o ( E4,ar82( Car+a ( ;or+( Valor() r('r()(*+a+ivo) ( 'ar+i0i'a0io*() a00io*() y o+ro) valor() C(r+i3i0ao) ( )2)0ri'0i1* 'r(3(r(*+( C(r+i3i0ao) ( 'ar+i0i'a0i1* (* 3o*o) 42+2o) ( i*v(r)i1* (* valor() y (* 3o*o) ( i*v(r)i1* Valor() (4i+io) 0o* r()'alo ( 'a+ri4o*io) 3i(i0o4(+io) ( la '2,li0ia (l i*024'li4i(*+o El i*024'li4i(*+o ( lo) +9+2lo) valor() () '2,li0i+ao a +ravé) ( la i*3or4a0i1* 82( )( r(4i+( 'or 'ar+( ( lo) 3(a+ario) y (*+ia() (*0ar/aa) ( (-ar 0o*)+a*0ia (l i*024'li4i(*+o. D( ()+a 4a*(ra7 la r(la0i1* ( lo) 'ro+()+o) (,( r(4i+ir)( 4(*)2al4(*+( a la C4ara ( Co4(r0io ;rovi*0ial (l l2/ar (l 'ro+()+o7 (*+ro ( lo) 0i*0o 'ri4(ro) 9a) (l 4() )i/2i(*+(. A )2 v(67 la C4ara ( Co4(r0io ;rovi*0ial r(4i+ir la i*3or4a0i1* a la C4ara ( Co4(r0io ( Li4a (*+ro ( lo) 0i*0o 9a) )i/2i(*+() ( )2 r(0('0i1*7 'ara )2 a*o+a0i1* (* (l R(/i)+ro Na0io*al ( ;ro+()+o) y Mora) 82( 4a*+(*r i0a C4ara. A)i4i)4o7 la) C4ara) ( Co4(r0io (* 4(*0i1* ()+* o,li/aa) a 4a*+(*(r r(/i)+raa 2ra*+( 0i*0o a5o)7 0o*+ao) a 'ar+ir (l # ( (*(ro (l a5o )i/2i(*+( al ( )2 a*o+a0i1* (* (l R(/i)+ro 82( ll(v(*7 la i*3or4a0i1* ( lo) 'ro+()+o) y ( la (4) i*3or4a0i1* 'r(vi)+a (* la l(y D( la 4i)4a 4a*(ra7 (* (l 0a)o ( lo) 0(82() )i* 3o*o)7 la (*+ia 3i*a*0i(ra (,(r 024'lir 0o* la) 4i)4a) o,li/a0io*() 82( lo) 3(a+ario). E* (l 0a)o ( lo) +9+2lo) valor() 82( *o ()+* )2-(+o) a 'ro+()+o o 3or4alia )2)+i+2+oria7 la '2,li0ia (l i*024'li4i(*+o )( lo/ra a +ravé) ( la 0o42*i0a0i1* ir(0+a a la 04ara ( 0o4(r0io 'rovi*0ial 'or 'ar+( (l +(*(or (l +9+2lo.
CONCLUSIONES
El 'ro+()+o +i(*( 420a 2+ilia (* (l 4(r0ao.
S( 'a)1 (l (r(0o ( lo) 0o4(r0ia*+()7 a )(r (l (r(0o ( lo) a0+o) ( 0o4(r0io o,-(+iva4(*+( 0o*0(,io.
I4'or+a*0ia ( lo) T9+2lo) valor() (* (l ()arrollo )o0io (0o*14i0o (4'r()arial y 'ro20+ivo (l ;a9).
El 'ro+()+o +i(*( 0ar0+(r 'ro,a+orio7 ya 82( )( '2((* )(5alar o+ro) a)'(0+o) ( i*+(ré) 82( )( '2((* 0o4'ro,ar 4(ia*+( (l 'ro+()+o.
BIBLIO%RAF3A
Co4(*+ario) La L(y ( T9+2lo) y Valor(). A2+or Uli)() Mo*+oya Ma*3r(.
!a(33(r(r Silva7 L(+ra ( Ca4,io CIT.T.II
Glo)ario ( la L(y ( T9+2lo) y Valor().
