EPIDEMIOLOGI PENYAKIT MENULAR
KELOMPOK III
NAMA • • •
:
ERNESTA W. BRAND RISTI NOBRIHAS HERLIN NENOBAIS
SEMESTER : VI VI BAGI BAGIAN AN
: EPI EPIDE DEMI MIOL OLOG OGII DAN DAN BIOS BIOST TATISTI ISTIKA KA
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DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR........................................................................................................... DAFTAR ISI....................................................................................................................... BAB I. PENDAHULUAN 1.1.LATAR BELAKANG....................................................................................................1 1.2.RUMUSAN MASALAH...............................................................................................1 1..TU8UAN.......................................................................................................................2 BAB II. PEMBAHASAN 2.1.PENGERTIAN HEPATITIS B DAN HEPATITIS C.......................................... ........... 2.2.GE8ALA DAN PATOFISIOLOGI HEPATITIS B DAN HEPATITIS C.......................9 2..MEKANISME PENULARAN HEPATITIS B DAN HEPATITIS C..........................10 2..EPIDEMIOLOGI HEPATITIS B DAN HEPATITIS C............................................... 11 2.;.PENCEGAHAN HEPATITIS B DAN HEPATITIS C............................................... ..22 BAB III. PENUTUP .1.SIMPULAN................................................................................................................2 .2.SARAN.......................................................................................................................2; DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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D"' /+/+'"," ,+#+*"# (+#u#ju&&"# /")6" ,'" /"#%"& (+#!+'*" #<+&$ VHB !/"#!#-&"# !+#-"# 6"#*". H" # !$+/"/&"# ,+'/+!""# ,+'"&u !"# -"%" )!u, "#*"'" ,'" !"# 6"#*". S+/"-" 5#*) ,+#u"'"# *"** )($+&$u" ,+("&" #"'&/" 5+#!+'u#- +/) /"#%"& *+'j"! ,"!" ,'" ","/" (+("&" *"** &+)"*"# +/) )+/"* !"# #<+&$ (+#u"' $+&$u" +/) $+'#- *+'j"! ,"!" )($+&$u" !"',"!" )+*+'$+&$ u" &"'+#" (+"&u&"# )u/u#-"# (+"u "#" )" # (+#-"&/"*&"# "#" %"#- $+(,* (u!" ) /+'!"'"). D$"(,#- *u &+$"!"'"# /+'/"* ,'" +/) '+#!") !/"#!#-&"# !+#-"# 6"#*". 5? P+&+'j""# 8+#$ ,+&+'j""# %"#- ,"#- /+'$& *+'*u"' #<+&$ HVB "!"") ,+&+'j""# %"#- !""( (+'+&" %"#- $+'#- &#*"& !+#-"# ,'!u& !"'"). H" # !$+/"/&"# &"'+#" VHB !","* $*"/ !"# /+'*")"# "(" !!""( !"'") %"#- (+'u,"&"# $u(/+' ,+#u"'"# u*"(". P+&+'j""# %"#- *+'("$u& !""( &+(,& # "!"") : ,+'"6"* ,+*u-"$ "/'"*'u( ,+"&$"#" !'u"#- ,+'"$ !"# !&*+' --.P"!" *")u# 1 )+,"**$ ='u$ ,+'*"(" &" !*+(u&"# +) 3N+6Y'& S*"*+ W'&(+#$ C(,+#$"*' Bu'+u"4 !"&u $+/"-" ,+#%"&* j"/"*"# %"#- *+'u*"(" (+#%+'"#- &+(,& *+#"-" &+$+)"*"#. !?
I(u#*"$ 18
P"!" '+"&$ ='u$ )+,"**$ B "&u* '+"&$ (u#-& %"#- *(/u !!""( *u/u) #!=!u !","* /+'$<"* )u('" ("u,u# $+u+'. R+"&$ )u('" !)"* !+#-"# *(/u#%" "#* HB$ "#* HB5 ("u,u# "#* HB+ '+"&$ (u#-& $+u+' !*"#!" !+#-"# "&*<"$ $+ $**&$& %"#- !","* (+#-)"#5u'&"# HB5A- "*"u HB$A- %"#- *+'!","* ,"!" !#!#$+ )"*. P"!" $+$+'"#- #!=!u %"#- *+'&+#" #<+&$ VHB *+'-"#*u#- ,"!" "&*=*"$ *+',"!u. S$*+( ,+'*")"#"# *u/u) #!=!u %"#- *+'!' !"' #*+'<+'# !"# '+$,# (u#. B" "&*=*"$ $$*+( ,+'*")"#"# # /"& "&"# *+'j"! #<+&$ VHB "&u* %"#- !&u* +) ,'$+$ ,+#%+(/u)"# $+/"&#%" /" $"") $"*u $$*+( ,+'*")"#"# # *+'-"#--u "&"# *+'j"! ,'$+$ #<+&$ ='u$ )+,"**$ B &'#$. +? R6"%"* P+#%"&* R6"%"* ,+#%"&* %"#- !""( ("#u$" %"#- (+(,u#%" '$& *+'#<+&$ HVB "!"") ,+#%"&* %"#- !!+'*" +) #!=!u !+#-"# &+"#"# &+&+/""# $+u+' $+,+'* : ,+#!+'*" u'+(" !+#-"# )+(!"$$ ,+#!+'*" +u&+(" (<$* %"#- $+"u (+(+'u&"# *'"#$
A-+#* P+#%+/"/ )+,"**$ B "!"") ='u$ )+,"**$ B *+'("$u& DNA ='u$. V'u$ )+,"**$
B *+'!' "*"$ j+#$ "#*-+# %"*u HB$A- HB5A- !"# HB+A-. VHB *+'-#- !""( <"( H+,"!#"='!"+ )" # !$+/u* !+(&"# &"'+#" ='u$ # /+'$<"* )+,"**',$ !"# (+'u,"&"# ='u$ !+#-"# -+#( DNA. V'u$ )+,"**$ B "&"# *+*", /+'*")"# ,"!" ,'$+$ !+$#<+&$ !"# $*+'$"$ ""* %"#- *!"& (+("!" $+"# *u VHB ju-" *")"# *+')"!", ,+#-+'#-"# !"# ,+#%(,"#"# $+"(" $"*u (#--u "*"u +/). V'u$ )+,"**$ B %"#u*u) /+'u&u'"# 2 #( !"# /+'/+#*u& $+,+'* /" *+'!' !"' ,"'*&+ -+#( >DNA? /+'",$ -"#!" !+#-"# $+u/u#- /"-"# u"' !"# #u&+&",$! !/"-"# !""(. •
L#-&u#-"# L#-&u#-"#
(+'u,"&"#
&+$+u'u)"#
&#!$
!"#
,+#-"'u)
u"'
(+(,+#-"'u) ,+'&+(/"#-"# )+,"**$ B. Y"#- *+'("$u& <"&*' #-&u#-"# "!"") : L#-&u#-"# !+#-"# $"#*"$ j++& D"+'") !+#-"# "#-&" ,'+="+#$ VHB *#-- D"+'") u#* ,+(/+!")"# : -#+&- -- ("*" D"+'") u#* "/'"*'u( D"+'") u#* /"#& !"'") D"+'") !"$" !"# *'"#$,"#*"$ D"+'") u#* ,+'"6"*"# ,+#%"&* !""( 19
%"#-
2. H+,"**$ C H$* • M"#u$" (+'u,"&"# )$* !"' ,+#%"&* )+,"**$ 5 !("#" ='u$ /+'&+(/"#-/"& ! !""( *u/u) ("#u$".H+,"**$ C +/) 5+,"* ,+'&+(/"#-"##%" ,"!" "&"& /+'u$" +/) !"' 0;; *")u#. A-+#* • A-+# ,+#%"&* !"' )+,"**$ C "!"") ='u$ )+,"**$ C >VHC?. VHC (+'u,"&"# ='u$ RNA !+#-"# u#*" *u#--" /+'/+#*u& #+"' !"# /+'!"(+*+' ;0 #( . L#-&u#-"# • L#-&u#-"# "!"") $+(u" <"&*' !"' $u"*u #!=!u %"#- !","* /+'u," #-&u#-"# <$& /-$ $5" !"# $$+&#(. F"&*' #-&u#-"# %"#- (+(,+#-"'u) *+'j"!#%" ,+#%"&* )+,"**$ C "#*"'" "# #-&u#-"# $$+&#( %"*u #-&u#-"# ,+&+'j""#. P"!" u(u(#%" ,"'" ,+*u-"$ &+$+)"*"# '+#*"# *+')"!", *+'#<+&$#%" VHC *+'u*"(" ,+*u-"$ !#' !"'"). H" # !$+/"/&"# &"'+#" ,+*u-"$ &+$+)"*"# *+'$+/u* /+'#*+'"&$ "#-$u#- !+#-"# !"'") !"# j"'u( $u#*&. P+#u"'"# VHC *+'j"! (+"u !"'") "*"u j"'u( $u#*& %"#- *!"& $*+'. K+(u!"# '"#- %"#- ,+&+'j""##%" %"#- /+')u/u#-"# !+#-"# ,+#--u#""# j"'u( $u#*& $+,+'* ,+(/u"* *"**. 8&" j"'u( "*"u ""* %"#- !-u#"&"# *!"& $*+' ("&" '$& ,+#u"'"# VHC $+("&# (+##-&"*. !. F"&*' R"& 1. H+,"**$ B ". B+'-"#*-"#* ,"$"#-"# $+&$u" /. T#!& *+#-")!"))!u#5. T'"#$*+#-" )!u#- !"# /"-"# *u/u) "#? *"* !"# 5u&u' !+#-"# ""* %"#*!"& $*+'. !. P+#+'(" *'"#$
+. A&*=*"$ $+&$u" %"#- *!"& *+','*+&$ "*"u ,+#u"'"# ,"!" /"% !"' /u %"#*+'#<+&$. 2.;.
P+#5+-")"# H+,"**$ B !"# H+,"**$ C 2.;.1. P+#5+-")"# H+,"**$ B ". I(u#$"$ )+,"**$ B /. M+#-)#!"' <"&*' '$& %"#- (+#%+/"/&"# *+'j"!#%" ,+#u"'"#. 2.;.2. P+#5+-")"# H+,"**$ C H#--" $""* # /+u( !*+(u&"# ="&$# %"#-
!","*
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$u#*&
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"("#. B" (+(& ,"$"#-"# %"#- +/) !"' $"*u "*"u /+')u/u#-"# !+#-"# '"# /"#%"& )"'u$ (+(,'*+&$ !' ($"#%" !+#-"# ,+("&""# &#!(. 8"#-"# ,+'#") /+'/"- ""* $+,+'* j"'u( ""* 5u&u' $&"* -- !"# -u#*#- &u&u.B" ("#5u'+
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/u"# *+'j"!#%" u&" u#*u& (+("$*&"# *!"& *+'#<+&$ ,+#%"&* )+,"**$ C. P+'#") $+(/u) !"'
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)+,"**$ C ju-" (+"&u&"# ="&$#"$ )+,"**$ A !"# )+,"**$ B.
21
BAB III PENUTUP
.1.
SIMPULAN •
H+,"**$ B "!"") $u"*u ,+#%"&* )"* %"#- !$+/"/&"# +) ='u$ H+,"**$ B $u"*u "#--*" <"( hepadnavirus %"#- !","* (+#%+/"/&"# ,+'"!"#-"# )"* "&u* "*"u &'#$ %"#- !","* /+'"#ju* (+#j"! $'$$ )"* "*"u &"#&+' )"*. >Mu$*<" Ku'#"6"*% 201?.
•
H+,"**$ C "!"") ,+#%"&* )"* %"#- !$+/"/&"# +) ='u$ )+,"**$ C >HCV?. T+'!' !"' )+,"**$ C "&u* !"# &'#& !"' *#-&"* &+,"'")"# %"#- '#-"# %"# /+'"#-$u#- /+/+'"," (#--u (+#j"! &'#& !"# (+#%+/"/&"# &(,&"$ %"#-
•
$+'u$ >WHO 201?. G+j"" )+,"**$ B "&u* *+'/"- !""( *")", %"*u: <"$+ #&u/"$ <"$+ ,'!'(" <"$+ 5*+'u$ <"$+ &#="+$+# >,+#%+(/u)"#?. P+'j""#"# )+,"**$ B &'#& !/"- (+#j"! *-" <"$+ ,+#*#- %"*u : <"$+ (u#*+'"#$ <"$+ (u#"&*< !"# <"$+
•
'+$!u". U(u(#%" #<+&$ "&u* HCV *!"& (+(/+' -+j"" "*"u )"#%" /+'-+j"" (#(". M"$" #&u/"$ )+,"**$ C "!"") 2 (#--u $"(," 9 /u"#. I#<+&$ "&"# (+#j"! &'#& ,"!" 700J &"$u$ !"# $+'#- &" *!"& (+#(/u&"# -+j"" 6""u,u# ,'$+$
•
&+'u$"&"# )"* /+'j""# *+'u$. A!" !u" ("5"( 5"'" ,+#u"'"# H+,"**$ B %"*u *'"#$($ =+'*&" !"# *'"#$($ )'$#*". M+&"#$(+ P+#u"'"# H+,"**$ C "#*"'" "# M+"u )u/u#-"# $+&$u" *"#," (+#--u#"&"# ""* ,+#-"("# $+,+'* &#!( u#*u& '"#- %"#- $+!"#(+#!+'*" )+,"**$ M+"u *'"#$
•
H"$ R$&+$!"$ *")u# 201 !"#*"'" j+#$ )+,"**$ %"#- !&+#". 8+#$ )+,"**$ %"#- *+'/"#%"& ,+#!+'*"#%" ! P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' "!"") )+,"**$ B >29 J? "u !$u$u +) )+,"**$ A >27 J? $+!"#-&"# )+,"**$ C !"# )+,"**$ "##%" $"#-"* &+5 ,','$#%" !"# /")&"# &+!u" j+#$ )+,"**$ *+'"&)' # )"#%" !*+(u&"# ! 1 "*"u 2 &"/u,"*+#&*" $"j". K"/u,"*+#&*" %"#- *+'*#-- ,','$ )+,"**$ B "!"") S"/u R"ju" >100 J? !"# )"#%" j+#$ )+,"**$ *+'$+/u* %"#!*+(u&"# ! &"/u,"*+# *u. A!",u# ,','$ )+,"**$ A %"#- *+'*#-- "!"") ! M"#--"'" >79 J?.
•
P+#5+-")"# H+,"**$ B (+,u* I(u#$"$ )+,"**$ B !"# M+#-)#!"' <"&*' '$& %"#- (+#%+/"/&"# *+'j"!#%" ,+#u"'"#. H#--" $""* # /+u( !*+(u&"# ="&$# %"#-
!","*
!-u#"&"#
u#*u&
(+#5+-") )+,"**$ C *+*", "!"
/+/+'"," 5"'" u#*u& (+#5+-") ,+#u"'"# )+,"**$ C !+#-"# 5"'" j"'u( )"'u$
$*+'.
$u#*&
M+"&u&"# &+)!u,"# $+ %"#- "("#. B" (+(& ,"$"#-"#
%"#- +/) !"' $"*u "*"u /+')u/u#-"# !+#-"# '"#- /"#%"& )"'u$ (+(,'*+&$ !' ($"#%" !+#-"# ,+("&""# &#!( !"# "# $+/"-"#%". .2.
SARAN H+,"**$ (+'u,"&"# ,+'"!"#-"# ,"!" )"* %"#- !$+/"/&"# +) /"#%"& )" #"(u# %"#- *+',+#*#- !"#*"'"#%" "!"") &"'+#" #<+&$ ='u$='u$ )+,"**$. V'u$='u$ # $+"# !","* (+(/+'&"# ,+'"!"#-"# )"* "&u* ju-" !","* (+#j"! &'#&. O+) &"'+#" *u &*" )"'u$ (+#5+-") &+j"!"# ,+#%"&* &'#$ *+'$+/u* !+#-"# (u#$"$ !"# (+#-)#!"' /+'/"-" <"5*' '$& %"#- !","* (+#!u&u#- *+'j"!#%" ,+#%"&* )+,"**$ B !"# H+,"**$ C.
23
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
D#"$ K+$+)"*"# P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' 201 )rofil *esehatan )rovinsi Nusa +enggara +imur +ahun ,./ P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' : D#"$ K+$+)"*"# P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' D#"$ K+$+)"*"# P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' 201; )rofil *esehatan )rovinsi Nusa +enggara +imur +ahun ,.0 P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' : D#"$ K+$+)"*"# P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' D#"$ K+$+)"*"# P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' 2019 )rofil *esehatan )rovinsi Nusa +enggara +imur +ahun ,.1 P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' : D#"$ K+$+)"*"# P'=#$ Nu$" T+#--"'" T(u' G"#. R#. 200;. P+#-/"*"# T+&#$ H+,"**$ K'#& B !"# C. D<$ H+,"*- B"-"# I(u P+#%"&* D""( FKUI >RSUPN C,* M"#-u#&u$u(?: T"#-+'"#K+(+#*'"# K+$+)"*"#.>201?. Pu$"* !"*" !"# #<'("$ : SITUASI DAN ANALISIS HEPATITIS. 8"&"'*". W!%#. >200?. )2N3A*4+ +RO)45 6epidemiologi7 penularan7 pencegahan 8 pemberantasannya6( S+("'"#-: E'"#--". I'"#* K. >201?. 2)4D2"4OO94 )2N3A*4+ "2N:AR dan +4DA* "2N:AR ;)AND:AN *4N45<( B"#!u#-: ALFABETA. )**,:'+,$*'%.u$u."5.!/*$*'+"(12;97201C)",*+'J20II.,!< )**,:'+,$*'%.u$u."5.!/*$*'+"(12;979219C)",*+'J20II.,!< )**,:'+,$*'%.u$u."5.!/*$*'+"(12;9707C)",*+'J20II.,!< 24
)**,:+*!.'+,$*'%.u-(."5.!!6#"!<+002,*#-"#S1201;179#*'!u5*#.,!< )**,:!-/.u#"."5.!9;;19BABJ20II.,!< )**,:'+,$*'%.u$u."5.!/*$*'+"(12;971;C)",*+'J20I.,!<
25
