Safety, Health, Environment & Quality (SHEQ) Employees Handbook Kuwait Oil Company PMC
CONTENTS Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 6 Important Contact Telephone Numbers………………………………………... … 7 General Information………………………………………………………………….. 8 Company Responsibilities…………………………………………………………... 9 Employees’ Responsibilities………………………………………………………… 10 ISO 9001 (Quality)…………………………………………………………………… 11 ISO 14001 (Environment)………………………………………………………….. 13 Office Safety………………………………………………………………………….. 14 Driving Safety………………………………………………………………………… 15 Task Risk Assessment ……………………………………………………………… 17 Work Permits…………………………………………………………………………. 18 Toolbox Talks …………………………………………………………………………19 The Environment ……………………………………………………………………. 21 Key Environmental Considerations ………………………………………………. 22 First Aid & Accident/Incident Reporting …………………………………………… 23 Know your Safety Signs ……………………………………………………………. 25 Know your Fire Extinguisher Colour Codes …………………………………….. 26 Fire Precautions ……………………………………………………………………... 27 Actions on Discovery of Fire ………………………………………………………. 28 Fire Watch Guidelines………………………………………………………………. 29 Personal Protective Equipment …………………………………………………… 30 Eye Protection ………………………………………………………………………. 31 Noise …………………………………………………………………………………. 32 Manual Handling ……………………………………………………………………. 33 Breathing Apparatus……………………………………………………………….... 34 Housekeeping ……………………………………………………………………….. 35 Slips and Falls ………………………………………………………………………. 36 Chemicals/Dangerous Substances ……………………………………………….. 37 Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)………………………… 38 Liquid Petroleum Gases…………………………………………………………….. 39 Compressed Air……………………………………………………………………… 40 Scaffolding …………………………………………………………………………… 41 Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment ………………………………………… 42 Mobile Work Platforms ……………………………………………………………… 43 Power Tools…………………………………………………………………………. 44 Hand Arm Vibrations Syndrome…………………………………………………… 45 Personal Equipment / Hand tools…………………………………………………. 46 Abrasive Wheels…………………………………………………………………….. 47 Welding and Cutting…………………………………………………………………. 48 Welding in Confined Spaces ………………………………………………………. 49 Electricity ……………………………………………………………………………... 50 Pressure Testing ……………………………………………………………………. 51 Working with Asbestos……………………………………………………………… 52 Excavations………………………………………………………………………….. 53 Confined Spaces…………………………………………………………………….. 54 Explosive Ordnance Devices………………………………………………………. 55 2
Heat Stress………………………………………………………………………….. 57 Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)…………………………………………………………… 58 Snakes………………………………………………………………………………… 59 SHEQ Awareness Checklist………………………………………………………… 61 Questions to ask prior to starting work…………………………………………….. 62 Notes………………………………………………………………………………….. 63
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AMEC SHEQ HANDBOOK
I ……………………………………………………………………………… (Name in BLOCK CAPITALS) OF…………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………….. (Address in BLOCK CAPITALS) Acknowledge that I have received a copy of the SHEQ Handbook, and agree to comply with it, and any instructions enclosed which have been explained to me.
SIGNATURE……………………………………………………………… DATE………………………………………………………………………… CONTACT………………………………………………………………….. EMPLOYEE NO………………………………………………………… …
This page to be signed by the recipient in the presence of a Supervisor of SHEQ Advisor, who will pass it to the Human Resources Office for inclusion in the individual’s personal file.
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BLANK
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INTRODUCTION Accidents and Incidents can cause loss of income, environmental damage, pain, suffering and misery not only to those involved but also to their family and friends. Many incidents are caused through lack of forethought, care, attention and the application of common sense. The company does not expect or want anyone to take chances that could result in an accident or incident occurring. We are committed to ensuring a working environment that fully supports our Health, Safety and Environmental policy and core values underpinned by our belief that:“Nothing we do is so important that we can’t take the time to do it safely” Each individual has the right to go about their assigned duties with confidence that they can go home safely at the each trip, shift or day. However, good HS&E is not just a management issue- everyone has a role to play and most importantly , everyone has the right to halt work at any time if you believe safety is being compromised. Using his right will not invoke any disciplinary response- you have our word on this. In this unlikely event that you are unsatisfied with the response you receive in raising any HS&E concern, contact the AMEC SSHEQ Group and obtain their support. WE must all concentrate and be focused on being safe to avoid being sorry! This handbook contains information to support ensuring a Health Safety and environmentally sound workplace, please read it and maintain it for reference. The Health, Safety, Environmental and Quality Policies can be found on notice boards, and the Contract SSHEQ Plans or Manuals
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RECORD IMPORTANT CONTACT TELEPHONE NUMBERS HERE
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE
No……………………………….
CONTACT SSHEQ ADVISOR
No……………………………….
SITE CONTROL ROOM
No………………………………
MEDIC / FIRST AID
No……………………………….
SECURITY
No……………………………….
……………………………….
No……………………………….
……………………………….
No……………………………….
……………………………….
No……………………………….
……………………………….
No……………………………….
……………………………….
No……………………………….
……………………………….
No……………………………….
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GENERAL INFORMATION Toilet Facilities Toilets and washing facilities are provided. Hygiene is essential to health and welfare, please use them correctly and report any problems. First Aid Facilities A First Aid facility is available. You will be advised on first aid personnel and location. Smoking Facilities All working areas including offices and cabins are designated non smoking. A designated smoking area will be provided for your use. Please keep it clean, use ashtrays provided, and ensure all cigarettes are extinguished. Car Parking Please ensure that you park your vehicle in the designated car parks only.
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COMPANY RESPONSIBILITIES AMEC recognise its responsibilities relating to health and safety of their workforce and the protection of the environment by providing their employees (and where relevant, Subcontractor employees) with:• • •
Effective Working Procedures Safe Working Systems A Safe, Healthy and Environmentally Sound Working Environment.
Compliance with the above will be achieved by providing information, training, instruction, competent supervision, good quality tools, equipment and personal protective equipment. The identification of hazards, assessment of risk and methods of control may be both the responsibility of AMEC and Kuwait Oil Company. The Key Project SSHEQ Documentation is as follows: -
KOC Fire & Safety Precautions (2004) KOC HSE Management System AMEC SSHE Plan ‘Managing the PMC’ AMEC SHE Plan ‘Managing Assigned Projects’
Specific comments are referenced throughout this Handbook
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EMPLOYEE’S RESPONSIBILITIES a) Read, understand and obey the SSHEQ policies arrangement / procedures and rules as issued. b) Always work in accordance with approved method statements and risk assessments as provided. c) Take care of their health and safety. Ensure their activities do not adversely affect the health and safety of others. d) Co-operate with the company in all matters of health, Safety and environmental protection and make their contribution to reducing accidents and conserving natural resources. e) Never undertake hazardous operations nor operate any items of plant or equipment unless trained and authorised to do so. f) Develop a concern for personal safety and for the safety of others, particularly new employees and young persons. g) Set a good example. h) Report to immediate supervisor all incidents which have or could result in personal injury or environmental damage. i) Report to immediate supervisor any defects in plant or equipment or unsafe methods of work and ensure that plant, equipment and premises are left in a safe and secure state and place when unattended. Do no operate any item of plant or equipment which has become defective. j) Never deviate from an agreed method of working unless the supervisor or relevant manager has been notified and authorisation has been obtained. k) Use the correct tools and equipment for the job; use safety equipment and personal protective equipment when required and return to store following use. Maintain and store P.P.E correctly. l)
Check tools and equipment regularly and report all defects.
m) Take care of company property provided for their use including welfare facilities. Refrain form ‘horseplay’ and activities that may cause injury and /or environmental damage. n) Report any personal industrial injury or industrial disease to their immediate supervisor and ensure that an entry is made in the accident book at their place of work.
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ISO 9001 (Quality) QUALITY IS:• An element of our business which is of equal importance to that of Health, Safety and Environmental matters. • An inherent feature in the product or services we provide in order to meet or surpass our customer’s requirements. • The responsibility of everyone. The Company defines the means of meeting this commitment to our Customers by way of a written Policy Statement which is endorsed by the Company’s senior authority and should be displayed on all notices boards. Policy requirements are in turn translated into detailed Manuals, Plans and Operating procedures which underpin the policy in ensuring the achievement of the defined objectives. The Quality element of our Management Systems complies with the International Standard ISO 9001 and is approved by Lloyds Register Quality Assurance (LRQA); a worldwide industry recognised accreditation body. The importance of this approval should not be understated. It is a requirement of all our Clients that AMEC have and maintain this approval. Without it we would not qualify when bidding for new work and we would seriously compromise our position with regard to our existing contracts. In order to maintain our approval, LRQA conduct 6 monthly surveillance visits to confirm continued compliance to the ISO 9001 standard, with a full audit of the system conducted every three years. What is your involvement? All of our operating procedures have been developed by you, the people working the processes, the process owners. In order that you maintain ownership we want you to tell us where procedures can be improved. Help us to help you.
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What is SSHEQ’s role in this? The role of the SSHEQ group is to facilitate the administration of the change /improvements required and to monitor the procedures for compliance and effectiveness. How do we monitor compliance? The way we conduct our audits has changed significantly to that of years gone by in favor of a more informal approach. The majority of our trained Internal Auditors are personnel from a cross section of Corporate and Project departments. The approach of auditors is to review procedures together with you the process owners with the aim of identifying improvements and eliminating, as far as possible, constraints in working practices. This approach removes the traditional anxiety associated with audits and confirms your influence as process owners. IT IS THE RESPONSBILITY OF EVERYONE TO BE AWARE OF AND TO IMPLEMENT THE REQUIEMENTS OF PROCEDURES CONTROLLING YOUR ACTIVITIES. IF YOU ARE NOT AWARE CONTACT YOUR LINE MANAGER OR SUPERVISOR OR A MEMBER OF THE SSHEQ GROUP.
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ISO – 14001 (Environment) What is it? The International standard for environmental management (the environmental equivalent of ISO9000). Applies to? All contracts have to comply with the standard. Why? ISO14001 is a formal system to ensure compliance with environmental policy & environmental legislation and ensures that we strive to continuously improve our environmental performance. How? Environmental impacts are managed through: procedures, training, objectives and targets for improvement. You? ISO14001 affects each and every one of us. We all need to: • Be aware of what environmental impacts of our jobs have. • Ensure we consider the environment in every aspect of our work. • Understand AMEC’s environmental policy. • Work to procedures that reduce the environmental impacts or our work. REMEMBER We can be audited for ISO 14001 compliance at any time and the auditors can ask you about the above so you need to be aware! AMEC is committed to sound environmental management. To achieve this we must all play out part.
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OFFICE SAFETY Compared with operational worksites, offices provide a relatively safety working environment. However, serious accident can occur unless basic precautions are followed: Electronically Operated Equipment Do not allow electrical leads to trail where someone may trip over them. Report frayed or damaged wires at once. Adhere to operator instructions for office equipment, such as, printers, computers and photocopier. Electrical Equipment i.e. kettles and coffee makers are to be authorised for use, after first being tested. Records are to be maintained for inspection. Access Keep clean and tidy workplace, most office accidents result from falling and tripping or walking into obstructions. Do not leave the drawers of desks and filing cabinets open. Keep doorways, gangways, and passages clear. -
Look where you are going when climbing and descending stairs walk, do not run. Always use a handrail. Handling Computers and other office equipment are heavy and awkward to carry. Read the manual handling section. Doors In event of a Fire Emergency – CLOSE ALL OFFICE DOORS, AND WINDOWS WHEN EVACUATING THE BUILDING.
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DRIVING SAFETY All employees must have a current driving license before being permitted to drive a Company Vehicle. Employees under the age of 21 must not drive and Company Vehicle. Employees are required to provide copies of their driving license to their Supervisor and complete any relevant Proforma before being given permission to drive a Company Vehicle. It is extremely important that all employees who are given permission to drive a Company Vehicle understand and comply with any instruction given to drivers. Failure to comply with the instructions can render an employee liable to police prosecution as well as action being taken under the Company disciplinary procedure. It is the driver’s responsibility to see that the vehicle is not overloaded and the load is evenly distributed and securely tied down. Drivers of vehicles towing trailers and compressors are responsible for the correct coupling of lights, braking systems and displaying trailer boards with the correct vehicle registration number. Drivers of vehicles shall seek assistance where their vision is impaired.
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Any accident or incident involving a Company vehicle must be reported immediately on the appropriate Company Accident Form by the driver. Safe Driving Includes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Plan your route, leaving plenty of time. Pulling over and stopping when using a mobile phone. Allow time for adverse weather conditions. Never overtake or carry out a maneuver if unsure of the outcome; if in doubt hold back. Stop, have a break when necessary. Using speed wisely; slow speeds can be as dangerous as speeding. Remember the Speed limits. Drive within them. Giving proper signals; other drivers are not mind readers. Being courteous to other road users. In poor conditions double the normal distance between vehicles.
DRIVING Check the following points before moving off: a) Make sure the vehicle is roadworthy. b) Make sure windows are clean and give clear vision. c) Ensure your windscreen washer bottle is full. d) In poor light, rain and fog, use dipped headlights, make sure the lenses are clean. e) Check tyres for pressure and wear daily. f) Check brakes.
See KOC Fire & Safety Regulations – Chapter 22 KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.016- Driving Procedure AMEC Procedure: C22183-000-000-PRO-0008 – Driving in Kuwait AMEC Procedure: C22183-000-000-PRO-009 – Vehicle Management System.
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TASK RISK ASSESSMENT AMEC must ensure that those activities under our management and control undergo risk assessment in order to identify and assess those hazards & risks arising in order to: • • •
Comply with regulatory requirements Comply with company policy and business requirements Eliminate or reduce to as low as reasonably practical in terms of: - risk to human health - risk of damage to plant, equipment and Environment - business interruption and / or loss of production
All risks assessments must be carried out by competent personnel in line with the relevant procedures:
See SA.KOC.018 HSE Procedure for Risk Assessment SA.KOC.019 Guideline for HSE Procedure for Risk Assessment.
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WORK PERMITS Some locations require all work related activities to be conducted under The Permit to Work System. Information instruction and training shall be provided. Work Permits will be raised by trained personnel. Permits may be required e.g. Hotwork, Vessel, Entry, Radiography, Electrical Isolation, Confined space and Pressure Testing. IF IN DOUBT, ASK! OBJECTIVE AND AIMS OF THE “PERMIT TO WORK” SYSTEM “ To ensure the safety of those doing the work and the safety of others is not endangered by the work being carried out and the safety of the installation /work site is not put at risk” “To identify the work to be carried out, the hazards involved and the necessary precautions to be taken”. “ To identify who may do the work, the limitations of the work are and the Equipment”. A COPY OF THE WORK PERMIT MUST BE DISPLAYED AT THE WORKSITE. “ Remember that the “Permit to Work” system itself does not make the job safe, this can only be achieved by those doing the job “
See KOC Fire & Safety Regulations – Chapter 8 & Append KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.004 – Permit to Work (PTW) Procedure.
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TOOL BOX TALKS Toolbox Talks are held prior to the start of each job, and if the situation or activity changes. A Toolbox Talk is designed to ensure all personnel within the activity team are aware of the potential hazards, control measures and work methods to conduct the work safety and in an environmentally sound matter. You should carefully work through each prompt discussing the topics prior to and at any time during the job. Remember ! A new team member will require briefing. This is will help you complete your job: SAFELY EFFICIENTLY RIGHT FIRST TIME.
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TOOLBOX TALK PROMPTS Plan and Method
Responsibilities Access and Egress
Hazards
Tools and Equipment
Materials / Chemicals
Work Permit / Isolations
Work Environment
Conflicting Activities
Environmental Issues
Waste Management
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THE ENVIRONMENT All personnel have a moral and legal obligation to limit the environmental impact of their tasks at all times. All personnel are encouraged to carry out their activities in such a manner that: • All noise is reduced to a minimum • No environmentally harmful emissions or discharges occur. • All residues and waste products or materials are disposed of in an environmentally safe and healthy manner. And must therefore ensure that all emissions, discharges, residues and waste do not: • •
Pollute the air, ground or water. Provide a safety or health threat to employees or others.
All skips will be clearly marked as to what type of waste they contain. All waste products will be disposed of by an approved waste handling contractor.
See: AMEC Environmental policy statement KOC Waste Management System.
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KEY ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Waste Management All waste must be segregated into containers provided. Remember where relevant REDUCE, REUSE, RECYLE waste. Chemical Spills – In the Event of a spill: • • • •
STOP the source of the spill. CONTAIN the spill. RETAIN all absorbents and dispose of them appropriately. INFORM supervision.
If you observe an Environmental ACCIDENT, INCIDENT or NEAR MISS report it to supervision. If you encounter contamination during work inform supervision. When conducting a TASK ACTIVITY RISK ASSESSMENT remember to consider environmental issues: • • • • • • •
Identify potential discharges to air, water or land. Identify potential indirect discharges to air, water or land. Check for spillage or discharge into drainage system or land. Check drainage system is correct for substance discharged. Check for blocked drains. Identify potential for unforeseen discharge route. Check for failure/inadequacy of containment (bund, drip tray etc.) If you have any suggestions as to how we can improve Environmental performance let us know
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FIRST AID & ACCIDENT/INCIDENT REPORTING If you have an accident at work the following procedure should be used: 1. Injured Party reports to the Medic or First Aider for treatment. 2. Medic/First Aider provides treatment and completes the Accident Book. 3. Injured Party/Involved personnel report to their Supervisor or Manager giving details of the accident/incident. 4. Responsible Person Completes Accident/Incident Form, identifying appropriate corrective actions. 5. The Completed form is then forwarded to SSHEQ Advisor for review and additional actions if required. 6. SSHEQ Advisor organizes input of the form and any outstanding corrective actions into the appropriate database. 7. Actions are followed up by agreed action parties and confirms to SSHEQ Advisor to ensure close out
In the event of a non-injurious incident or near miss, Steps 3 – 7 should be followed.
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If the injury is of serious nature, raise the alarm by the quickest possible means. State the location and nature of the injury. DO NOT - Move the injured personnel unless they are in immediate danger. DO NOT - Put yourself at risk. DO NOT - Administer first aid unless you are competent and have sufficient training to do so. Why must we report all accidents/incidents and near misses? a. b. c. d. e.
To ensure suitable investigation and corrective actions to prevent recurrence. Legal reasons – reporting to the HSE Insurance Client requirements Moral – the main asset of the Company is its people, it therefore makes sense to look after them.
See: KOC HSEMS Document GE.KOC.044 – Incident Investigation Report Team KOC HSEMS Document GE.KOC.007-HSE Incident Reporting Procedure KOC HSEMS Document GE.KOC.008-HSE Investigation & Corrective Action Procedure AMEC Procedure : OAG-X190-460-PRO-014 Recording , Reporting and Investigation of Accidents, Incidents, Near Misses and Occupational Ill Health
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KNOW YOUR SAFETY SIGNS
THERE ARE 4 TYPES
PROHIBITION
MANDATORY
DON'T DO
MUST DO
WARNING
DANGE R
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KNOW YOUR FIRE EXTINGUISHER COLOUR CODE
T E E K R N IF A L B
NOTE European legislation now requires that extinguishers are painted signal red with their contents clearly labeled, indicated by the colour code for their use. Painted e.g. signal red with a blue band or blue plastic handle indicates dry powder. Be aware that you may come into contact with extinguishers which are either fully painted with the old British colour coding or painted just with an identification colour.
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FIRE PRECAUTIONS Make yourself acquainted with the fire procedures for the type of premises you are working in or for the type of work you are carrying out. Make sure that you know where the fire extinguishers are, how to use them, and the various types to use on particular types of fires. TYPE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER Water (Red) Use on
Foam (Cream) Use on
paper and
fires
Dry Powder
CO2 (Black) Use on gas, Use on electrical & flammable liquid fires Electrical &
Vaporising Flammable
Place oily waste and other combustible materials in designated waste containers away from source of ignition. Smoking is forbidden near flammable substances. Emergency escape routes must be clear of obstructions. Dry powder extinguishers must be turned upside down and shaken once a week to avoid the powder solidifying. Report to the Supervisor if an extinguisher has been discharged so that it can be replaced without delay. Ensure that the correct fire extinguishers are at the site of welding/burning/cutting operations. In some circumstances a fire hose, blanket may be required in addition to fire extinguishers. See KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 3 – Fire Prevention & Loss Control And Appendix 5 – Fire Fighting Equipment.
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ACTIONS ON DISCOVERY OF FIRE 1. Raise the alarm – by pressing button/break glass. 2. Contact the Control Room/Emergency Response Centre or Reception/ Gatehouse as appropriate by the quickest means. 3. Providing you do endanger yourself or other persons, attempt to fight the fire if you have been trained to do so. 4. Act as instructed by the Authorised Person/Supervisor in charge. All other persons must proceed to their muster point via the designated route, unless designated specific duties in the Emergency Response Team. Learn where fire extinguishers are positioned and know how to use them. DO NOT PUT YOURSELF OR OTHERS AT RISK REPORT ALL FIRES IMMEDIATELY.
Refer to AMEC Site / Office HSE Induction
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FIREWATCH GUIDELINES
H
Housekeeping
•
• •
A
Area
• •
•
• •
P
Protective Equipment
• • •
•
Personnel
P Y
• • •
You – the Fire Watcher
• • • • •
Clear the area of all combustible material. Where combustible material cannot be removed they should be completed protected. Flammable liquids must always be removed from the area. Clear all obstructions to allow free movement and access. Check adjacent areas for possible conflicts. Hot work must never be carried out in an atmosphere containing flammable vapors or combustible dust. Where a hazardous atmosphere is suspected, air samples should be taken and work only commenced when the atmosphere has been certified to be nonhazardous. Ensure all personnel involved are familiar with the area and the means of escape in the event of an emergency. Check safety systems to prevent false alarm. Before leaving an area, inspect for “hot spots”, smoldering boards and combustibles and ensure all ho particles have been cooled. Ensure the correct PPE is worm. Ensure all risk assessment and permit requirements are implemented. Ensure fire fighting equipment such as extinguishers and hoses etc. are available at point of work (i.e. not at the bottom of scaffold) and in good condition. Ensure all detection devices are working and switched on. Ensure clear access / egress. Restrict area to those directly involved in the work. Erect signs, banners and use tannoys etc. to alert personnel to the work in progress. Maintain alert attitude. Position yourself to react. Know your area – nearest shutdown point alarm, control room call point etc. Know what to do in an emergency. Carry out a comprehensive check after work is complete to ensure that no items, e.g. Scaffold boards, are smoldering.
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
It is a mandatory requirement that safety footwear (without nails or exposed steel toecaps), safety helmet, coveralls and safety spectacles must be work everywhere on site, except in office buildings. Gloves must be worn in any situation where injury/damage to hands could occur or in accordance with the glove policy. Additional protective equipment e.g. ear defenders and dust masks must be worn as directed by the Work Permit or Risk Assessment.
Protective is provided for clothing safety and must your wor be n
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 4 – Protective Equipment KOC HSEMS Documents SA.KOC.010 – Protective Clothing & Equipment AMEC Procedure: OAX – X190 -460-PRO-031 PPE Personal And Safety Prescription Glasses
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EYE PROTECTION 1. The wearing of safety spectacles is compulsory when on site, except in the offices. 2. A tiny fragment in your eye could cause disaster. 3. You have a legal obligation under the P.P.E. Regulations to wear or use the eye protection provided. 4. Do not watch welding processes unless your eyes are properly protected. 5. Do not enter areas where eye protection is required unless you are wearing protective equipment. 6. Take care of any protective equipment issued to you. 7. Have any lost or damaged equipment replaced immediately. 8. Make sure your eye protectors are suitable for you and for the work being done. 9. The place for eye protectors is over your eyes, not on your head or around your neck. 10. Eye protectors are replaceable; your eyes are not. MAKE SURE YOU USE THE RIGHT TYPE OF EYE PROTECTION – IF IN DOUBT “ASK”
Refer to AMEC Site/Office HSE Induction
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NOISE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Wear ear protectors at all times if exposed to a noise hazard. Do not use cotton wool for ear protection, it is not effective. Make sure ear plugs are a good fit in each ear and are correctly inserted. Hands should be clean when handling all types of ear plugs. Ear muffs should be a good fit to the ear, with an all round seal. Ensure ear muffs are worn the correct way round. If you have difficulty in wearing any type of hearing protection provided, report it to your immediate supervisor. 8. Sudden noises may also harm your hearing, wear ear protection when using grinders, riveters, compressed air cartridge tools etc. 9. It is compulsory for you to wear the correct hearing protection when designation or in hearing protection zones. “DO REMEMBER, WEAR EAR PROTECTION WHEN DESIGNATED. NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS IS PERMANENT”
ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE Remember you are required to ensure, if within your area of responsibility, that all sound suppressed engine covers and exhaust silencers are maintained in their proper position whenever plant/equipment is in operation.
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MANUAL HANDLING Always consider using a mechanical aid first! A load does not necessarily have to be heavy to cause an accident. Consider these points: a. How heavy is it ? (If above 25 kg seek assistance). b. Are you capable of lifting it on your own? c. Where is the centre of gravity ? d. Has it any sharp corners ? e. Is it out of balance? f. Are there any nails or splinters ? g. Is there a safe route ? h. Do you have the right PPE? Lifting properly is a must: 1. Wear gloves to protect your hands. 2. Keep your feet slightly apart. 3. Bend your knees. 4. Keep your back straight. 5. Take a good firm grip. 6. Keep your head up when lifting. 7. Pull the load into your body.
Lift Correctly
“REMEMBER, ON AVERAGE ONE THIRD OF ACCIDENT AT” WORK ARE CAUSED BY MANUAL HANDLING” When Lifting or handling always be sure to: Lift with your legs. Keep your back straight.
Protect your hands.
Get a good grip.
Get help with heavy loads.
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See KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 7- Section 7.1 Material Handling KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.003 – Manual Handling of Loads AMEC Procedure ORG-X190-460-PRO-039 Manual Handling
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BREATHING APPARATUS
This apparatus is to be used by trained and certified persons only. SELF-CONTAINED APPARATUS 1. Ensure that the cylinder is fully charged before fitting the face piece. 2. Always allow sufficient time to leave the work area before the cylinder runs out. EMERGENCY BREATHING APPARATUS SET If the audible alarm on the emergency set operates, leave the work area immediately. COMPRESSED AIR BREATHING APPARATUS 1. Ensure that compressed air breathing apparatus is only used with a suitable inline air filter. (i.e. Draeger). 2. Ensure that both the breathing apparatus and the inline filter has been cleaned and maintained before use and at least every month thereafter, in accordance with the approved procedure/standard and by an approved person.
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 9 – Breathing Apparatus KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.005 – Breathing Apparatus Control & Use
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HOUSEKEEPING
Housekeeping is one of the most important single items influencing the health, safety and environment of any location. Good housekeeping is not a burden if constantly maintained and not left to an occasional clean up. a. All stairways, passageways and gangways shall be kept free from materials, supplies and obstructions of every kind. b. Ensure materials are off loaded and stacked neatly in designated areas. c. Materials and supplies shall be kept away from the edges of hoist-ways, ladder access, stairways and floor openings. d. When protruding nails are found in re-usable boards, planks and timber, they should be removed immediately! e. Tools shall not be strewn about where they may cause tripping or other hazards, tools not being used are to be placed in a tool bag/box and shall, at the end of each work day, be collected and returned to the tool store or tool box. f. Keep your job area clean. Remove scrap and rubbish regularly to proper containers or disposal area. g. Toilets, wash up facilities and drinking water are provided for your convenience and comfort. Please help to keep them clean and sanitary. h. Keep rooms clean. Do not let soiled clothes, food scraps etc. accumulate, especially around hot pipes or electric heaters. i. Spillages of oil or other substances must be cleaned up immediately and disposed of by the approved method. j. All flammable liquid and dangerous substances shall be stored properly.
Refer to AMEC Site / Office HSE Induction
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SLIPS AND FALLS
Every year slips and falls account for a large proportion of injuries at work. This is without including falls from heights. The biggest contribution you can make in preventing such accidents is by keeping your workplace clean, tidy and free from obstruction. DO •
Keep your workplace tidy. If you do spill anything, clean it up immediately and dispose of it correctly.
•
Use the proper routes and walkways. Avoid short cuts and make full use of handrails.
•
Wear sound footwear.
•
Report damage or obstruction to floor surfaces, handrails and fencing, as well as poorly lit areas, a prompt report can prevent an injury.
•
Make sure that any temporary openings in floor surfaces and walkways are securely fenced off. On completion of work, replace gratings and covers securely.
DO NOT •
Leave obstructions in walkways.
•
Allow the leads of portable tools and lights to trail where someone may trip over them.
•
Rush – running will increase your chances of having an accident.
•
Walk blind. Make sure that you can see round or over anything you are carrying. Refer to AMEC Site / Office HSE Induction
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CHEMICALS/DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES Chemicals and substances used or handled in the course of your work are not generally harmful, IF HANDLED PROPERLY AND USED ONLY FOR THEIR INTENDED PURPOSE. It is most important that the manufacturer or supplier’s advice when given is followed implicitly. If you are asked to use a chemical or substance and are not aware of manufacturers or supplier’s recommendations for its use, ask the Supervisor’s advice before using. REMEMBER:- The Company will make available any special equipment or clothing required when using certain chemicals or dangerous substances. You have a legal obligation to comply with all rules and regulations laid down by the Company for your safety and that of others.
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CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH (COSHH) The regulations for the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health aim to make the workplace safer by dealing with substances that could be hazardous to your Health. Should substances prove toxic, harmful, corrosive or irritant, COSHH assessments shall be carried out for their storage, use and transportation. You will be given information as and when necessary. If not; request before using. It may sometimes be necessary to use mechanical ventilation or extraction equipment. In this event you are urged to make sure that this is used correctly. Similarly you may, on occasions be asked to wear protective clothing or respiratory equipment. In which case you are under a duty to do so. Often, substances being used, when mixed with others, can create yet another substance, maybe a gas or vapor, and this substance could also be harmful. Should you be asked to use a substance which you are unsure of, contact your supervisor who will obtain the Health and Safety data sheet or arrange with SHEQ Department to. have an assessment done on that substance.
Explosive
Harmful or Irritant
Oxidising
Extremely Flammable Highly Flammable
Corrosive
Very Toxic or Toxic
STAY HEALTHY AT WORK!
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 4 – Industrial Accident, Protective Equipment, Medical, and Health & Hygiene KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Appendix 2 – Standard Exposure Limits
38
LIQUID PETROLEUM GASES USES 1. Always place cylinders wherever practicable in such a position so that should a leakage occur it will be dispersed away from the working area by the prevailing wind. 2. Ensure only approved hoses are utilized. Unclipped push on connections must not be used. 3. Ensure that all appliances are fitted with individual taps. 4. Keep Cylinders outside of all work habitats and buildings. Piped gas to appliances should be secured to the wall or floor and adequately ventilated. 5. Keep Cylinders away from means of ignition. 6. Store upright in a lockable approved case or compound away from other compressed gases. 7. Empty cylinders to be moved to store as soon as possible i.e. at time of replacement. CYLINDER IN RELATION TO VEHICLES a. b. c. d. e.
All appliances must be fitted with a control tap. The area around the appliance must be lined with fire resistant sheeting. The area around the appliance must be kept clear of combustion materials. All appliances must be TURNED OFF when the vehicle is left unattended. When cylinders are being transported they must be kept upright and secured to prevent movement. f. CYLINDER MUST NOT BE USED INSIDE VEHICLE.
39
COMPRESED AIR Air at the pressure commonly used to drive compressed air tools can caused severe injuries. Dust, swarf and grit can be blown into the eyes: a burst hose can whip about and cause severe physical injury. If compressed air is applied to equipment not designed to take the pressure, severe damage can result. DO •
Inspect hoses and coupling before use – discard damaged items. Ensure that “quick coupling” are properly locked together.
•
Use safety pins and whip arrestors on all joints.
•
Ensure, before connecting an airline, that the equipment is designed to withstand the supply pressure.
•
Shut off the air supply and bleed off the pressure before disconnecting the hose.
DO NOT •
Improvise with jubilee clips; use only properly designed hose connectors.
•
Dust yourself down with a compressed air line.
•
Indulge in “horseplay” with air hose.
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 9 – Compressed Air Equipment KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.009 – Pneumatic Equipment
40
SCAFFOLDING 1. Scaffolding must be erected or altered by trained / competent Scaffolders. 2. Only use scaffolding that has a valid “ Green Scaff Tag”. 3. Make sure that the scaffolding is safe before you attempt to work from it, ensure the Scaff Tag authorization is within date. 4. Never climb a scaffold always use the access ladder and make sure it is securely fixed. 5. Do not place objects in such manner that they could fall off the scaffold, Only use a scaffold for the duty it was intended for. 6. Clean up the scaffold of all scrap and debris when you have completed your work of if the weight of the scrap material is building up. Be aware of people working below. 7. Report any noticeable defects to your supervisor immediately. Altering scaffold could lead to disciplinary action.
See: KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.002 – Control & Use of Scaffolding
41
LIFTING OPERATIONS AND LIFTING EQUIPMENT “Serious incidents can occur if lifting operations are not adequately planned and completely executed.” • • • • •
All Lifting operations shall only be performed by authorised competent personnel. All lifting operations shall be planned and co-coordinated “from start to finish” by authorised competent personnel. Only certified lifting equipment authorised for use by the Company shall be used. Damaged or defected lifting equipment shall be reported to supervision immediately and returned to stores for quarantine or disposal. Lifting operations areas shall be barriered off where appropriate to protect other personnel.
39
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 17- Lifting Equipment
42
MOBILE WORK PLATFORMS Mobile work platforms will include articulated arm platforms, scissor lifts, and crane jib baskets. These should be in good mechanical order, be properly maintained and inspected before use. All personnel should be properly trained and certificated for use of the particular platform. A work platform basically consists of three main parts:1. A platform for persons, equipment and tools. 2. A structure to support the platform 3. A chassis on wheels. These are two basic types:Type 1 Allow the platform to move universally relative to the chassis an incorporates a telescopic or articulated jib. Type 2 Normally provides vertical movement only but some models will allow platform to rotate and extend horizontally. Dangers to watch out for include: • • • •
People, tools or materials falling from the platform. Overturning due to gradients, wind loading, outriggers not in use, trailing platform cables etc. Collision with power lines, buildings, other vehicles etc. Failure of supporting structure or power transmission.
Basic Rules: Before use check the following: 1. The machine has a current test certificate and through examination report. 2. Safe working load and maximum number of persons allowed on the platform is conspicuously marked on the machine. 3. Provision has been made for safe access on the platform. 4. Controls are clearly marked and easily understood by the operator. 5. Outriggers are fully extended and properly support the machine (fit sole plates or spreaders where necessary) 6. Operators are properly trained in the safe use of the machine.
43
POWER TOOLS DO o Make sure before using a portable electric tool that it is in good order. o Look for signs of overheating, loss of speed and irregular running noises. o Use the right tool for the job. o Keep electric cables away from water, oil, heat and sharp edges. If left in gangways, cables may be cut or cause someone to trip – wherever possible they must be carried overhead. o Ensure you have the correct length of electrical cable or compressed air hose serving the apparatus. o Check all hoses and couplings in compressed air tools. NEVER use a portable grinding machine that has been dropped. Damage may have been caused to the wheel resulting in breakage when brought up to speed. Get it inspected by a competent person.
.
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 15 – Power & Hand Tools
44
HAND ARM VIBRATION SYNDROME It is your employer’s job to reduce the risk of you getting Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome where this can reasonably be achieved, especially if you have to carry on using high-vibration tools. AMEC will ensure that: • • • •
the use of high vibration tools is limited – ideally avoided altogether where practicable. low vibration tools are purchased wherever possible. tools are adequately maintained. Information is given to personnel regarding recommended exposure times, symptoms of the condition and ways to reduce the risk.
You too can play a part by: • • • • • • • • •
Informing your supervisor about any tools or processes, which produce high levels of vibration so that the risk can be properly assessed. Ensuring that you keep up blood flow whilst working by keeping warm, especially your hands by wearing warm gloves and extra clothing in cold conditions. If your smoke, try to stop or at least cut down before and while you are at work. Smoking affects the blood flow. Exercise your hands and fingers regularly to improve blood flow. Use the right tool for the job – making do with inadequate tools can mean greater vibration or increased grip. Do not use more force than is necessary when operating tools. Try to avoid long periods of using equipment without a break – short bursts are better. Keep tools in good working order – if they are in bad condition ask your supervisor to get them repaired or replaced. And most importantly. Don’t ignore symptoms - If you think vibration could be affecting you, see your doctor and if they give you advice, take it.
Remember, in the early stages, improvement may occur when the worker gives up activities associated with vibration. Later, however the condition is likely to become permanent. DON’T LET IT HAPPEN TO YOU!!!!
45
PERSONAL EQUIPMENT All electrically/battery operated tools/instruments, must be declared for inspection and approval before use. Any equipment must be inspected by yourself prior to use in order to ensure that it is in good condition and suitable for the work to be carried out. HANDTOOLS The main cause of injuries involving hand tools are the use of unsuitable tools, their incorrect use or their incorrect storage. DO Use the correct tool for the job – never use a spanner and hammer Use spanners that fit the nut or bold head properly. Keep your hands behind the cutting edge when using cutting tools. Keep chisels and other sharp tools in a safe place, not in your pocket. Keep tools clean and in good condition. Protect the edges of sharp tools, both when carried and in store. Wear eye protection when chipping, scaling dressing stone or concrete, or whenever there is danger of flying particles – remember others as stated in the section on “Eye Protection”. DO NOT Use damaged or worn tools: hammers with loose heads, spanners or wrenches with splayed jaws. Use a file without a handle. Place small tools on open grating floors, they could fall through and hit someone. Return them to your tool bag or tool store after use. See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 15 – Power & Hand Tools AMEC Procedure OAG-X190-460-PRO-010 – Hand Arm Vibration
46
ABRASIVE WHEELS Do not attempt to change an abrasive wheel or disc unless you have been trained and issued with a certificate to do so. Do not use any abrasive wheel or disc for cutting or grinding without a guard being fitted. Do not at any time remove a guard from a cutting or grinding machine. Always wear eye protection (goggles or visor) when using or when assisting anybody who is using a cutting or grinding machine. Air powered cutters/grinders must be fitted with an oiler and filter unit. Ensure that the correct type of abrasive wheel or cutting disc is fitted to suit the type of work being carried out. If a wheel or disc is chipped or cracked it must not be used. The speed in revs per minute of the machine must not exceed the safe revs per minutes marked on the wheel or disc. If excessive dust is caused by the grinding process an approved respirator must be worn.
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 15 – Safe Guarding of Machines KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.012 – Use of Abrasive Wheels & Disc Equipment
47
WELDING AND CUTTING 1. Always use oxygen and acetylene cylinders in an upright position, where possible use a cylinder trolley. 2. Keep oxygen cylinders away from oil and grease. 3. Store oxygen, acetylene and LPG cylinders separately in the cylinder store in the upright position. Separate full and empty cylinders and label correctly. 4. Inert gases should be stored separately and in the upright, fixed position. 5. Do not watch welding operations without wearing the correct eye protection. 6. Welders must wear the correct personal protective equipment. 7. Welders must protect others workers from arc flash and sparks by using screens where appropriate. 8. When welding near flammable materials, beware of flying sparks and hot slag. Keep a fire extinguisher available and always check the area before leaving. 9. Gas Welding equipment must be fitted with flash back arrestors and non-return valves. 10. Always ensure that all valves are closed on all cylinders when not in operation. 11. Observe additional hot work requirements as designated on the permit to work. 12. Ensure gas cylinders are in the upright position and secure.
Wear correct eye protection when welding
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 16 – Welding. KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.021 – Procedure for Welding & Cutting
48
WELDING IN CONFINED SPACES All heating and cutting torches etc., MUST be removed from all confined spaces to fresh air at meal times, end of shift or earlier if the work is completed. It is the employee’s responsibility to ensure that his Oxygen and Fuel Hoses are isolated at the source, at the end of the working shift. ARC WELDING 1. Use only normal electrode holders specifically designed for arc welding. Do not place electrodes against cylinders to strike an arc. 2. Be sure that all welding cables are capable of carrying the maximum current requirements for the work in progress. 3. Check before use that cables and connectors are in good condition and free from defects. 4. Protect your eyes and skin from the effects of arc radiation. Helpers and other workers in the vicinity may also require protection from the welding arc, by means of screens, goggles or anti-flash spectacles. WELDING FUMES The level of harmfulness of welding fumes is related to the nature of the metals being welded and whether or not the metals have been plated or painted, (beware of GALVANISED STEEL for instance, when a powerful lung irritant zinc oxide will be given off and beware of old LEAD PAINT which can give rise to fumes which may cause lead poisoning). Welding in confined spaces or poorly ventilated rooms particularly can give rise to high levels of fume and/or lack of oxygen. COSHH required an assessment to ensure the necessary precautions are identified. IF IN DOUBT, ASK
“ASK YOURSELF” WHAT METALS ARE BEING HEATED?
RESPIRABLE METAL OXIDES FLUX COMBUSTION PRODUCTS SHIELDING GASES CARBON DIOXIDE - NITROGEN CARBON MONOXIDE COMBUSTION PRODUCTS FROM PAINTS/PLATING ETC. NITROGEN DIOXIDE OZONE
WELDING ‘PLUME’ WELDING POINT
ARE THEY TOXIC?
ARE THEY PLATED OR PAINTED? ZINC? CADMIUM? LEAD PAINT ETC? ARE THE PRECAUTIONS RIGHT?
IF IN DOUBT ASK YOUR SUPERVISOR 49
ELECTRICITY Electrical equipment and cables can without any warning kill or cause severe injuries and burns, so never tamper with electricity unless you are a competent electrician and authorised to do so. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Do not interfere with any electrical equipment. Repairs are an electrician’s job. Always check for defective cables/plugs/sockets before plugging in. Never overload electrical equipment. If a fuse blows, report it. Switch of and disconnect any electrical equipment that sparks or stalls, and report it. 6. Do not let cables trail across the floor. 7. Disconnect equipment when not in use, do not pull the cable to disconnect, pull the plug. 8. Avoid kinking, twisting, binding or crushing cables. 9. Keep all equipment clean and dry. 10. Do not use portable tools near flammable vapors. 11. Do not stand in a wet area when using electrical equipment. 12. Electrical repairs are an electrician’s job. 13. Ensure equipment in intrinsically safe when designated.
“REMEMBER EXTREME CARE MUST BE TAKEN AT TIMES”
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Appendix 10 Electrical Work Safety KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.022- Electrical MultiLock & Tagout Procedure
50
PRESSURE TESTING There may be a requirement for 2 types of pressure testing: a) Strength Testing - where a pressure is applied to prove the mechanical strength or integrity of equipment, weld or fabrication. b) Leak Testing - Pressurized to ascertain the integrity prior to service/operation. All work will be carried out under a permit to work using suitable materials and calibrated equipment under direct supervision of a person competent to carry out such tests. If high pressure testing is required then this will be carried out under the supervision of a specialist test engineer who can evaluate the stress within pipe work and/or vessels. Never cross barriers around pressure testing, look out for signage showing that pressure testing is taking place.
Danger Pressure Testing
See: KOC & Fire Safety Regulations Chapter 2 – Pressure Testing of Equipment, System & Pipelines. KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.008 – Pressure, Leak & Service Testing
51
WORKING WITH ASBESTOS If you suspect material contains Asbestos, DO NOT commence work. Inform the Supervisor. The Supervisor MUST inform SHEQ Advisor immediately.
“IF YOU SUSPECT THE MATERIAL YOU HAVE ENCOUNTERED IS ASBESTOS – STOP WORK AND REPORT IMMEDIATELY TO YOUR SUPERVISOR” WORKING WITH AND THE DISPOSAL OF ASBESTOS REQUIRES AN APPROVED SPECIALISED COMPANY.
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 13- Building & Construction -Asbestos
52
EXCAVATIONS 1. When working in excavations always make sure that there are :(a) Safe means of entering and leaving the excavation. (b) Ladders available and placed in the excavations at regular intervals where the depth is sufficient to require their use. Beware of slipping especially in wet or greasy conditions. (c) A Permit to Work is in place where required. 2. Dependent on ground conditions never work in an untimbered trench of a depth of 1.2 meters (4 feet) or more or ahead of timbering unless the sides are battered to prevent materials and soil falling into the trench. 3. Do not enter excavation unless it has been inspected and is considered safe to do so by the supervisor. 4. Materials and soil must wherever practicable be at least 900mm from the edge of the trench. 5. Ensure that block stops are in position where vehicles have to approach the trench edge. 6. Ensure that adequate barriers are properly placed around all excavations. 7. Use proper gangways for crossing trenches – never jump across. REMEMBER: ONE CUBIC METRE OF SOIL WEIGHS APPROXIMATELY ONE AND A QUARTER (1 ¼) TONNES
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 18 - Excavations
53
CONFINED SPACES A confined space is any enclosed space, above or below ground, where a hazard to health may exist due to lack of, or enrichment of, oxygen in the atmosphere, or a potentially hostile environment. Places coming within this definition includes, but are not limited to, excavations, culverts, manholes, sumps, drainage systems, unventilated rooms, tanks, boilers/heaters, flues, chimneys, silos, vessel’s and process columns. There are several regulations covering the entry into confined spaces, which must be followed. Do not enter any confined space until safe system of work is in place and you are familiar with the requirements and procedures as stated. IF IN DOUBT, ASK!
(Example)
See: KOC Fire & Safety Regulations Chapter 6 – Vessel /Tank/Confined Space Entry Procedure KOC HSEMS Document SA.KOC.007 – Entry into Confined Spaces.
54
EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE DEVICES KOC face a big challenge to clear a large amount of unexploded ordnances, which were found in all areas of Kuwait after liberation from the Iraqi invasion. Post liberation a programme of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) has been led by Kuwait Ministry of Defense (KMOD) to clear areas from dangerous unexploded ordnance. Although great progress has been achieved in respect of EOD clearances, complete assurance for all operational areas within KOC premises cannot be guaranteed due to various factors such as – type of clearance utilized, variety of problems encountered at different situations including sand shifting, excavation works and oil lakes formed. It is to realize that EOD problem may diminish ultimately but will remain a potential threat for foreseeable period of time. Keeping such considerations in view, protective measures and safety aspects have been formulated which must be implemented by all employees belonging to KOC or contractors. The adherence to such measures will reduce the risk pertaining to explosive ordnances. The following precautionary measures shall be ensured to reduce the risk from unexploded ordnances: •
• • •
No work shall be carried out till the area has been declared free from explosive ordnances. The clearance certificate for any area within the company premises shall be issued by Directorate / Asset HSE Team. The workers prior to deployment in the field must be made aware of prevalent danger due to possible presence of explosive device. The workers shall attend EOD familiarization conducted by AMEC as part of the induction programme. It is advisable not to take any short cuts while traveling in the oil field areas; designated routes should be followed.
55
ACTION ON FINDING SUSPECTED UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE Even in EOD certified area, there is possibility of explosive presence due to shifting sand, excavations etc. The following precautionary measures shall be kept in view to minimize the dangers associated with discovery of suspected explosive ordnance: 1. Do not touch the suspected ordnance. 2. Stop the work immediately, clear the area and inform all personnel of the prevalent danger. 3. Note down the location of unexploded ordnance or suspected object, and place visible markers at a safe distance. 4. Inform respective area Fire Station immediately: • •
Through Radio on KOC Fire Channel OR By Telephone:
Burgan Fire Station = 22221/22222/ 66669, 3986373. WK Fire Station = 20348, 20320, 20278, 3986335 NK Fire Station = 23100, 23111 and 3985197 Request EOD assistance.
See AMEC Procedure: C22183-000-000-PRO-0007 Explosive Ordnance Disposal KOC Procedure: KOC.SA.025 ‘Procedure for Handling of Explosive Materials Substance and EOD’
56
HEAT STRESS In Kuwait summer the intensity of sunlight and ambient temperature will increase. Whatever ethnic background we have, all of us are at risk from heat stress to some degree. Heat stress occurs when the core body temperature exceeds a safe level. The body’s temperature regulation goes out of balance. This can cause serious health problems, including • • • •
Heat cramps Heat rash (also known as prickly heat) Heat exhaustion Heat stroke
People adapt to hot conditions over time by sweating more and by changing their behavior in order to cool down. This called acclimatization. The risks of thermal stress are greater for unacclimatised people. For example, if you have recently arrived in Kuwait from a cool climate or if you are not used to manual work. The risks of heat stress are also increased if you: • • • • •
are dehydrated, overweight or unfit have diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure have poor nutrition have a small body size are aged over 40
All of us will be exposed to hot conditions to some degree over the summer months and there is a risk of dehydration and heat stress. For high risk jobs a risk assessment will be needed. This might mean providing shaded areas, cooling fans, cooling vests, and regular rest breaks. As an individual there are things you can do to reduce the risks for yourself: • Aim to drink 4 ups of cool fluid every hour (about 1 litre). • Stop work if you become too hot, dizzy or confused. • Rest in a cool place, loosen or remove clothing and drink some cool water. Apply cool water to your head and face using a cloth or towel. • Watch out for your work mate. If the show signs of heat stress, get them to do the same. • Allow enough time to cool down. It takes about 30 minutes to cool down after becoming overheated. • Get plenty of rest and sleep so that you are fit for work. • Avoid alcohol, caffeinated drinks, or heavy meals. • Drink plenty of water in the evenings so that you replenish your body fluids • Make sure you have a balanced diet. • If your urine is dark and concentrated, this is a sign of dehydration. You will need to drink more water!
57
HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (H2S) One of the most common hazards associated with production and processing of oil and gas is the potential for exposure to hydrogen Sulphide (H2S). Accidents and incidents involving H2S can be prevented by good planning, taking adequate precautions and proper use of personnel protective equipment. General Precautions AMEC Personnel are required to follow all KOC procedures and guidelines relating to H2S. On arrival at a KOC facility personnel should familiarize themselves with the emergency evacuation procedures, requesting clarification from KOC operations if necessary. Warning Signs / Notices In general KOC operations are aware of and have marked with warning signs, areas with a presence or suspected presence of H2S. Typically wording on warning signs is ‘TOXC GAS (H2S) DANGER. ALL UNAUTHORISED PERSONNEL KEEP CLEAR’ Where warning signs such as these are displayed or otherwise advised by KOC, no AMEC personnel are to enter the area. The only exceptions would be personnel entering an area for a particular need as part of a planned entry by KOC under strict controls with specific work permit and appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE). See : AMEC Procedure: C22183-000-000-PRO-0006 ‘Procedure for Hydrogen Sulphide Precautions’ KOC Procedure: HE. KOC.001 Hydrogen Sulphide
58
SNAKES It is possible to see snakes in Kuwait desert areas. Some snake species are venomous and there is potential for serious health effects if someone is bitten. Snakes are mainly encountered in KOC West Kuwait facilities, but they could be found elsewhere too. Normally, snakes will avoid human contact, but they could be encountered during construction work if they are disturbed in their natural habitat. The snakes are known to fall into trenches or excavations at night and then can’t escape. They could equally be found under rocks or taking shelter under construction materials. Normally, a snake has no motive to harm a human. They are only a threat to humans if they are actually touched or stepped on. Many snake bites are a direct result of horseplay. Almost all bites are therefore preventable. Follow these simple rules to reduce the chance of accidental snakebite: – If you find a snake inside a trench or excavation try and remove it with a long pole or hook-shaped tool. Release it to the wild – don’t kill it unnecessarily. – Don' t put your hands into dark places, such as rock crevices, woodpiles or hollow logs, without first investigating. – Don' t step over a fallen tree. Step on the log and look to see if there is a snake resting on the other side. Look where you are walking. – Don' t handle any snake unless you are positive it is not venomous. – Don' t pick up freshly killed snakes without first severing the head. The nervous system may still be active and a dead snake can deliver a bite. – Don’t tease or play with any snakes you encounter. Release trapped snakes back into the wild if possible. First Aid Response All snake bites should be treated as potentially lethal. Antivenin is available for almost all venomous snakes, but must only be administered by a doctor. Get the patient to hospital ASAP. • The victim should be reassured and persuaded to lie down and keep still. Many will fear sudden death and may become hysterical. Tell the victim that 70% of snakebites are from non-poisonous species. Of the remaining 30%, only half will actually involve injecting venom. The chances are they are OK! • If the bite is on a hand or arm place it in a sling bandage or use a piece of cloth to support the arm. In the case of a leg bite, use a splint to support both legs and bandage them together. Do not tie the bandages tightly. Keep the victim immobile. 59
•
The bite wound should not be tampered with in any way.
• Most snake bite areas will swell. All rings or other jewellery on the bitten limb, especially on fingers, should be removed, as they may act as tourniquets. • Most traditional first aid measures are useless and potentially dangerous. Do not use Tourniquets, cut or suck the wound or apply chemicals or electric shock. •
Administer artificial respiration if the victim stops breathing.
• If the snake has been killed it should be brought with the patient for identification, but care is required because even a dead snake can envenom. No attempt should be made to capture a live snake as it will only increase the risk of a second bite victim. • Do not panic! The majority of snake bites are not fatal. More deaths and injuries are caused in panic states than by the snake bites themselves. Remember, some snake bites may not be venomous. Many deaths or injuries have been caused by traffic accidents on route to the hospital due to careless driving or speeding.
60
SSHEQ AWARENESS CHECKLIST •
Do I understand the scope of my job?
•
Am I aware of any potential hazardous conditions?
•
Do I have the proper tools for the job?
•
Are the proper permits approved and posted?
•
Am I using the required personal protective equipment?
•
Am I alert to unsafe conditions?
•
Are my hand tools and equipment in good condition?
•
Is equipment properly locked off?
•
Is scaffold properly tagged?
•
Did I leave the job site in a safe and clean condition?
•
Have all SSHEQ issues been considered?
•
Do I consider myself competent for this job?
61
QUESTIONS TO ASK PRIOR TO STARTING WORK Questions to be asked before commencing work. The following instructions can be found on The Work Permit/Task Risk Assessment (TRA). 1. Does it describe the scope of work for which you are responsible? 2. Does it include all the necessary additional documents? e.g. Risk Assessments (COSHH/Man. Handling) Route Map (where required) Additional HSE certificates Isolations 3. Have you read and understood your responsibilities? 4. Do you know where to muster on the sounding of the Alarm? 5. Are you sure you understand the job to be done? Do not deviate from this – it could be dangerous IF YOU DO NOT - ASK 6. Are you sure you know exactly which piece of equipment you are to work on? 7. On completion of work, have you left the site as tidy as you found it? 8. On completion of your task, have signed off the Permit/TRA? In the interests of SSHE you should comply with any additional required precaution.
62
NOTES
63
