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FC\F ^APFOHL LD EAEBFOFJOF AOKLPMWAU;
Aoklpmwa cldlrfh
Mdwlupmcfr( l~hmefr( `ljauprfr hau gfeparlu leadõjmeau( uaemfhlu } ehmjæpmeau v|l mdgh|}ld `mrlepf a md`mrlepfjldpl ~frf v|l ul ~ra`|{ef hf lueful{ `l fc|f ~apfohl ld Eaebfofjof$
Aoklpmwau lu~leêgmeau
6$*$ Mdwlupmcfr } rlea~mhfr pa`au hau fu~lepau bmupõrmeau( leadõjmeau } ehmjæpmeau `l hf lueful{ `l fc|f fc|f ld |df ~lru~l ~lru~lep epmwf mwf j|d`m j|d`mfh fh(( } jaupr jauprfr fr hau hau h|cf h|cfrlu rlu } ulep uleparl arluu jfu jfu fglepf fglepf`au `au fep|fhjldpl ~ar `meba ~raohljf$
?$* Mdwlupmcfr } rlea~mhfr pa`au hau fu~lepau bmupõrmeau } leadõjmeau `lu`l v|l mdmemfrad hf lueful{ `l fc|f ld Eaebfofjof ~frf pldlr |df ~lru~lepmwf fj~hmf `lh ~raohljf$
5$* Mdwlupmcfr( `ljauprfr } l~hmefr pa`au hau ~raohljfu uaemfhlu u|uempf`au ld Eaebfofjof ~ar lglepa `lh `lh ~raohljf ~raohljf `l lueful{ lueful{ `lh fc|f$ fc|f$ L~hmefr ~ar v|l lh ~raohljf `l lueful{ `l fc|f lu j|eba jf}ar ld Eaebfofjof v|l ld 0$* L~hmefr aprau `l~frpfjldpau `l Oahmwmf$
^_AOHLJF;
M`ldpmgmefemõd `lh ~raohljf
Lh fc|f `|hel lupæ u|rcmld`a eaja |da `l hau ~raohljfu jæu erêpmeau `l hau rle|ruau dfp|rfhlu v|l ldgrldpf hf b|jfdm`f`$ Fh f~ramjfrul lh föa ?>>>( hf ~aohfemõd j|d`mfh ul
? lupæ l~fd`mld`a ræ~m`fjldpl$ ^lra hf pmlrrf da pmldl jæu fc|f fbarf v|l ?$>>> föau fpræu( e|fd`a lupfof bfompf`f ~ar jldau `lh 5, `l hf ~aohfemõd fep|fh$ Lh fc|f lu( hmplrfhjldpl( hf g|ldpl `l wm`f ld hf pmlrrf$ Lh 3>, `lh e|lr~a b|jfda lu fc|f$ \df ~lruadf eajmld{f f uldpmr ul` `lu~|íu `l ~lr`lr uaha 6, `l hêv|m`a ear~arfh } earrl ~lhmcra `l j|lrpl um hf ~ír`m`f `l hêv|m`a ul f~ramjf f~ramjf fh 6>,$ Lh ulr b|jfda ~|l`l uaorlwmwmr ~ar uõha |dau ~aeau `êfu umd fc|f `|hel$ ^lra ld |d dûjlra erlemldpl `l h|cfrlu hau bfompfdplu lupæd lprf}ld`a fc|f `l rêau( hfcau } g|ldplu u|oplrrædlfu jæu ræ~m`fjldpl `l ha v|l `ljarf ld rldawfrul ‐ /lprf}ld`a( `l garjf mduaupldmohl( ha v|l |df wl{ lrf |d rle|rua rldawfohl/( rldawfohl/( eaja `mka |d mdwlupmcf`ar$ mdwlupmcf`ar$ Ba} `êf( 56 ~fêulu ‐ld u| jf}arêf ld Ægrmef } lh Elrefda Armldpl‐ ldefrfd pldumõd bê`rmea a lueful{ `l fc|f$ Ul lupmjf v|l lh erlemjmldpa `ljacrægmea ~ar uê uaha hhlwfræ f v|l 63 ~fêulu jæu( ead |df ~aohfemõd ~aohfemõd ~ra}lepf`f `l ?$6>> jmhhadlu( jmhhadlu( ~fuld `ldpra `l hau ~rõmjau 5> föau f hf efplcarêf `l ~fêulu ead lueful{ `l fc|f$ Bfemf lh föa ?>?<( 02 ~fêulu ead jæu `l ?$2>> jmhhadlu `l bfompfdplu ‐5<, `l hf ~aohfemõd j|d`mfh ~ra}lepf`f ~frf ?>?<‐ ul wlræ fglepf`f ~ar lh lupríu bê`rmea a hf lueful{ `l fc|f$ Aprau d|lwl ~fêulu( mdeh|umwl Ebmdf } ^fimupæd( lupfræd ~rõmjau f u|grmr pldumõd pldumõd bê`rmef$ bê`rmef$ Jæu fhhæ `lh mj~fepa `lh erlemjmldpa jmuja `l hf ~aohfemõd( hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f `|hel bf lupf`a f|jldpfd`a ld rlu~|lupf fh `lufrrahha md`|uprmfh( hf `l~ld`ldemf erlemldpl ld hf fcrme|hp|rf `l rlcf`êa( hf |rofdm{femõd jfumwf } hau dmwlhlu `l wm`f jæu fhpau$ Ld lupl umcha( jmldprfu hf ~aohfemõd j|d`mfh ul bf prm~hmef`a( hf lprfeemõd `l fc|f bf f|jldpf`a jæu `l ulmu wlelu$ @lu`l 6=0> hf lprfeemõd j|d`mfh `l fc|f ~ar föa bf f|jldpf`a ld ~rajl`ma ldprl ?(<, } 5, ~ar föa( ld eaj~frfemõd ead |d erlemjmldpa fd|fh `l hf ~aohfemõd `l 6(<, f ?,$ Ld lh `leldma ~fuf`a hf lprfeemõd `l fc|f ld hau ~fêulu ld `lufrrahha bf lupf`a f|jldpfd`a f rf{õd `l 0, f 2, ~ar föa$ F`ljæu( lh u|jmdmupra `l fc|f `|hel `l v|l `mu~adl hf b|jfdm`f` ul lupæ rl`|emld`a f rfê{ `l hf erlemldpl eadpfjmdfemõd `l j|ebau `l luau rle|ruau bê`rmeau$ Ld fhc|dau ~fêulu hau hfcau } rêau ul bfd prfdugarjf`a ld rlel~pæe|hau `l |df wfrml`f` foajmdfohl `l `lulebau( mdeh|umwl fc|fu dlcrfu j|dmem~fhlu ~fremfhjldpl prfpf`fu( lgh|ldplu md`|uprmfhlu põmeau }
5 u|upfdemfu v|êjmefu `l hfu fepmwm`f`lu fcrêeahfu hmmwmf`fu ld hfu fc|fu `l u|~lrgmeml } grlæpmefu$ Fh ldeadprfrul ldprl u|jmdmuprau `l fc|f hmjmpf`au } erlemldpljldpl eadpfjmdf`au ~ar |df ~frpl } hf `ljfd`f ræ~m`fjldpl erlemldpl erlemldpl `lh erlemjmldpa erlemjmldpa `ljacrægmea `ljacrægmea } lh `lufrrahha ~ar aprf( j|ebau ~fêulu ld `lufrrahha ldgrldpfd `lemumadlu ~raohljæpmefu$ Hf mdu|gmemldemf `l fc|f `|hel ~raofohljldpl ulf |da `l hau ~rmdem~fhlu gfeparlu v|l eafrpld lh `lufrrahha leadõjmea ld hau `leldmau wldm`lrau( f`wmlrpl lh Ofdea J|d`mfh$ Ld Eaebfofjof da bf} |d ~raohljf jæu crfwl v|l lh `lh fc|f$ Umd ljofrca( da ae|~f |d h|cfr `lupfef`a ld hf fcld`f ~ahêpmef$ Uõha ha aop|wa fhrl`l`ar `l formh `lh ?>>>( ~frf ulr ~aea `lu~|íu `lu~|íu d|lwfjldpl d|lwfjldpl `lu~hf{f`a `lu~hf{f`a f hfu ~æcmdfu ~æcmdfu mdplrmarlu mdplrmarlu `lh `lofpl `lofpl } hf rlghlmõd$ rlghlmõd$ Lu ~aumohl v|l ul `lof f v|l lh ~raohljf lu `l pfhlu `mjldumadlu v|l }f da ul ha wmwf eaja |d ~raohljf( lu `lemr( eaja fhca v|l pmldl uah|emõd( umda jæu omld eaja |df gfpfhm`f` `lh `lupmda( eaja |d `fpa `l hf dfp|rfhl{f$ Umd ljofrca( f|dv|l lu lglepmwfjldpl crfd`l( lu |d ~raohljf v|l rlv|mlrl uah|emõd$ Jæu `l hf jmpf` `l hf ~aohfemõd da pmldl feelua fh umupljf ~ûohmea `l `muprmo|emõd `l fc|f( } v|mldlu pmldld feelua uahfjldpl rlemold fc|f f emlrpfu barfu `l emlrpau `êfu$ Hau v|l pmldld feelua f hf rl` ul eadgarjfd gæemhjldpl ~arv|l bfd `lufrrahhf`a pa`a |d umupljf `l fhjfeldfjmldpa ~frf lh|`mr hf `mueadpmd|m`f` `lh ulrwmema$ F`ljæu( ca{fd `l pfrmgfu ofkfu } u|owldemadf`fu$ F|dv|l hau |u|frmau `lh ulrwmema ~ûohmea `l fc|f ld Eaebfofjof ~fcfd ~aea ~ar |d ulrwmema jfha( ul eadgarjfd eadgarjfd ~arv|l uad ~rmwmhlcmf`au ~rmwmhlcmf`au ld eaj~frfemõd eaj~frfemõd ead hau v|l da pmldld feelua$ Hf ~ræepmef dau j|luprf v|l eadumc|ld fc|f eaja ulf } hf fcrf`leld ead u| ~femldemf$ Fhc| Fhc|dau dau bfd hacrf hacrf`a `a lupfoh lupfohlel lelrr umupl umupljf jfuu ofrrmf ofrrmfhl hluu } aprau aprau pmldl pmldldd ~a{ ~a{au au ~ra~ma ~ra~mau( u( ead mdwlrumadlu mdwlrumadlu eaupaufu } efhm`f` mdemlrpf mdemlrpf v|l( umd ljofrca( ljofrca( hlu `f hf uldufemõd `l ulr `|löau `l ha v|l pmldld$ ^lra uad j|ebau hau v|l `l~ld`ld `lh jlref`a mdgarjfh `l fc|fplrau } hhlcfd
0 f ~fcfr bfupf umlpl wlelu jæu ~ar lh fc|f umd dmdc|df ulc|rm`f` `l v|l lupí hmorl `l eadpfjmdfemõd$ Hf `mglrldemf da lu uahfjldpl `l efhm`f`lu } ~rlemau( lu `l wm`f a j|lrpl$ Hf jarpfhm`f` mdgfdpmh ld {adfu umd feelua fh ulrwmema `l fc|f lu efum e|fpra wlelu jæu fhpf v|l ld lh eldpra `l hf em|`f`( ~arv|l hf gfhpf `l fc|f rl~lre|pl ld mdgleemadlu jarpfhlu ~frf hau dmöau$ \da `l hau ~aeau efd`m`fpau v|l rle|lr`f v|l lh pljf lu j|dmem~fh fefof `l `ld|demfr v|l ~ar lupl bleba j|lrld `au dmöau ef`f `êf$ ] ld ef`f föa v|l ~auplrcfjau hf uah|emõd `lkfjau v|l ~fuld 57< `êfu$ `êfu$ Lh `föa v|l ef|uf f hau bfompfdplu `l hf em|`f` lupl umupljf mdk|upa lu cmcfdpluea$ Fglepf f hfu ~lruadfu ld u| wm`f eapm`mfdf l mj~m`l lh erlemjmldpa leadõjmea( hf cldlrfemõd `l lj~hlau } lh feelua f jf}arlu dmwlhlu `l eadu|ja$ ^lra( eaja umlj~rl( da gfhpfd hau v|l h|erfd `l hf lueful{ } hf mdk|upmemf$ @|löau `l ~a{au( wlrpmldplu } emuplrdfu( l~lrpau ld ~lrgarfemadlu ~lrgarfemadlu } wld`l`arlu wld`l`arlu `l oajofu `l fc|f( `lgmld`ld u|u mdplrlulu mdplrlulu rlebf{fd`a pa`a efjoma } ofrdm{fd`a u| hfoar `l fhpr|muja f gfwar `l hau dlelumpf`au$ @l bleba( hau ~aorlu pmldld dlelum`f`lu pfd crfd`lu v|l hhlcfd f ~lremomr eaja |d gfwar lh rlemomr fc|f f ~rlemau `l lu~le|hfemõd$ Pfjomíd hau o|rõerfpfu h|erfd `l lupl umupljf$ Hf lj~rluf j|dmem~fh `l fc|f( Uljf~f( hacrõ hlwfdpfr bfel j|ebau föau |d lue|`a píedmea ~frf `lgld`lrul `l hfu `ljfd`fu `l hf ~aohfemõd( ~aohfemõd( } |da prfu apra hau Fhefh`lu Fhefh`lu bfd |uf`a Uljf~f ~frf hmorfrul `l rlu~adufomhm`f`lu$ rlu~adufomhm`f`lu$ Fh ~|dpa v|l da gfhpf lh v|l( bfomld`a um`a fhefh`l a eadelkfh( `lue|orl fbarf v|l hf jmpf` `l hau bfompfdplu da pmldl ulrwmema$ ] pfdpa hau v|l f`jmdmuprfrad Uljf~f eaja hau v|l eadprahfrad hf Fhefh`êf bfd |uf`a f hf lj~rluf ~frf fj~hmfr lh eêre|ha `l hf ~rlold`f$ Ld hau ûhpmjau e|fpra föau hfu ~lcfu ul j|hpm~hmefrad j|eba jæu ræ~m`a v|l hf eaolrp|rf `lh ulrwmema$ \df wêepmjf `l hf c|lrrf `lh fc|f g|l hf ~hfdmhhf `l lj~hlf`au ld Uljf~f( v|l fbarf u|upldpf f |d ~lruadfh 5>>, jæu d|jlra d|jlraua ua v|l fdplu fdplu$$ Hf lj~rl lj~rluf uf e|ldp e|ldpff fba fbarf rf ead ead e|f`rm e|f`rmhh hhfu fu v| v|ll ~|l ~|l`l `ldd jawmh jawmhm{f m{frul rul ræ~m`fjldpl ~frf lmcmr hf ead`adfemõd `l `l|`fu ~lra da ~frf lwmpfr g|cfu `l fc|f a
< `luoar`lu `lh fhefdpfrmhhf`a$ Prfpl |upl` `l eadulc|mr f}|`f `l ljlrcldemf ld daeblu a gmdlu `l uljfdf } eaj~raofræ eaj~raofræ lupf fgmrjfemõd$ fgmrjfemõd$ E|f`rmhhfu E|f`rmhhfu v|l pfj~aea ul jawmhm{fd ~frf fj~hmfr hf rl` a `lufrrahhfr `lufrrahhfr d|lwfu g|ldplu `l fc|f$ ^mldul uahfjldpl uahfjldpl v|l jmldprfu ul rlwmupl lh pûdlh `l Jmume|dm( da bf} dmdcûd prfofka ld e|rua ~frf rlemomr( prfpfr } prflr hfu fc|fu `l |d prfuwful ~aumohl bfemf hf em|`f`$ Hf U|~lrmdpld`ldemf `l Ulrwmemau Oæumeau( `lue|m`fd`a ~ar eaj~hlpa u| `lolr `l `lgld`lr lh mdplríu `l hau eadu|jm`arlu( bf `f`a u| fwfh f lupl umupljf$ Hhlcõ Hhlcõ f jfrcmdfr jfrcmdfr `lh eadprfpa `l eadelumõd f luf jmpf` `l hau bfompfdplu `l hf em|`f` v|l da pmldld eadlmõd ead lh ulrwmema( ld wl{ `l lmcmr f hf lj~rluf |d ~hfd ~frf fpld`lrhau$ ] f|dv|l lupa bf lj~l{f`a f earrlcmrul( lh bleba lwm`ldpl lu v|l luf U|~lrmdpld`ldemf pmld`l jæu f pahlrfr v|l f lmcmr f hf lj~rluf$ ] v|mldlu f{|{frad hf c|lrrf `lh fc|f ead `ljfd`fu } ~rajlufu da uahfjldpl hfu bfd ahwm`f`a( umda v|l fbarf lj~hlfd hau jmujau `mue|ruau ~frf ~rajawlr d|lwfu fwldp|rfu ~ahêpmefu( ~ahêpmefu( eaja hf `l hf lupfpm{femõd `lh cfu$ Bæomhlu ~frf eahaefr `mugrfelu `l wmeparmf f u|u grfefuau( j|ebau `l lhhau bfd hacrf`a hhlcfr fh ^frhfjldpa } aprau fbarf mdeh|ua `mu~|pfd ~ar wahwlr f ae|~fr |d ~|lupa ld lh Eadelka J|dmem~fh$ Lu |d jmuplrma v|l |d ~raohljf pfd crfwl ~ful `luf~lremom`a ld lh `lofpl$ Fhc|dau ha jldemadfd ead pmjm`l{ } aprau ead fhca jæu `l g|lr{f( ~lra dmdc|da ul fdmjf f lj~|kfrha fh eldpra `lh `lofpl$ ] lupa ul `lol f v|l hf ~aohfemõd jmujf bf a~pf`a ~ar mcdarfrha$ Dmdc|df Dmdc|df lde|lupf `lplepf ~rlae|~femõd ~ar lh pljf( ha e|fh v|l`õ pfjomíd ehfrfjldpl rlghlkf`a ld hau ofkêumjau ofkêumjau dmwlhlu dmwlhlu `l ~frpmem~femõd ~frpmem~femõd ld ld hfu lhleemadlu lhleemadlu `l Uljf~f$ Uljf~f$ Ldprlpfdpa( lu `l lu~lrfr v|l hfu hh|wmfu v|l eajmld{fd hhldld hfu rl~rlufu } rl~adcfd hau fe|êglrau v|l fhmwmfd pfd ~rlefrmfjldpl hf ul` `l lupf em|`f`$
^hfdplfjmldpa `lh ~raohljf
7 Eaebfofjof( wfhhl eæhm`a } blrjaua u|grl( umd ljofrca( `l hf efrldemf `l fc|f `lu`l hfrcf `fpf$ E|fd`a ul bfohf `l lupf rlcmõd f~frpl `lh plj~hf`a ehmjf( hau akau wmwfelu `l hfu j|klrlu v|leb|fu( hau ~mdparlueau } prf`memadfhlu ~|lohmpau `lh wfhhl } u| wfrmf`f eajm`f ermahhf( da ul ~|l`l `lkfr `l jldemadfr hf gfhpf `l fc|f$ F|dv|l Oahmwmf lu |d ~fêu v|l pmldl ofupfdplu rle|ruau bê`rmeau } ef|`fh `l fc|f ~ar ulr |d ~fêu `l jadpföf jadpföf } fjf{adêf( lh feelua f lupau rle|ruau da lu mc|fh ld pa`fu hfu rlcmadlu$ ] Eaebfofjof f`ahlel `l hf gfhpf erõdmef `l fc|f$ F `mglrldemf `l aprfu rlcmadlu ld lh ~fêu( hf lueful{ `l fc|f da lupf japmwf`f uahfjldpl ~ar hf gfhpf `l mdgrflupr|ep|rf umda pfjomíd ~ar lh erlemldpl `ígmemp `l u|u g|ldplu `l fc|f v|l da hacrf fofuplelr f hf erlemldpl ~aohfemõd } g|d`fjldpfhjldpl f hau ear`adlu `l ~aohfemõd r|rfh v|l ra`lf hf em|`f`$ Hf lueful{ `l fc|f japmwõ v|l ld hau wfhhlu `l Eaebfofjof hau eadghmepau eadghmepau ul bf}fd `f`a `lu`l bfel j|eba pmlj~a9 pmlj~a9 `l bleba( fhc|dfu `l hfu ~rmjlrfu ef|ufu k|`memfhlu k|`memfhlu fpld`m`fu fpld`m`fu ld lh ~lrêa`a eahadmfh }f pldêfd v|l wlr ead `mu~|pfu uaorl lh fc|f "O|upf "O|upfjf jfdpl dpl(( ^lrl` ^lrl`aa } \` \`fl flpf pf(( ?>> ?>>5-$ 5-$ Umd Umd ljof ljofrca rca hau hau arêcl arêcldlu dlu `lh eadgh eadghmep mepaa jæu eadplj~arædla eadplj~arædla l~rluf ld ~frpl |df pldumõd |rofdf ― r|rfh v|l ul rljadpf f hf `íef`f `l hau ululdpf e|fd`a hf ldpadelu lj~rluf ~ûohmef ULJF^F rlfhm{õ hau ~rmjlrau mdpldpau `l ~lrgarfr ~a{au ld lh Wfhhl Eldprfh ead lh gmd `l jlkarfr hf aglrpf `l fc|f ~apfohl ~frf hf em|`f`( ld wmupfu `l v|l da bfoêf ~lru~lepmwfu `l v|l ~rael`mlrf hf lkle|emõd `lh fdumf`a ^ra}lepa Jûhpm~hl Jmume|dm( eadelom`a ~frf rluahwlr lh ~raohljf `l hf lueful{ `l fc|f ~lrgarfd`a |d pûdlh bfemf hf ear`mhhlrf ear`mhhlrf } eadupr|}ld`a eadupr|}ld`a |df rl~rluf9 ~ar lua ld crfd ~frpl `l hf luprfplcmf `l hf lj~rluf ~frf rlu~ad`lr f hf `ljfd`f lupfof ofuf`f ld hf |pmhm{femõd `l fc|fu u|oplrrædlfu$ Ld hfu ûhpmjfu `íef`fu( ~ar `mwlruau gfeparlu( Eaebfofjof ul bf eadwlrpm`a ld |df rlcmõd ærm`f ead lueful{ `l fc|f ~frf lh rmlca } lueful{ `l fc|f ~apfohl$ Ld hfu {adfu |rofdfu lh gfepar mdgrflupr|ep|rf gêumef lu `lplrjmdfdpl }f v|l da lmupld rl`lu `l `muprmo|emõd elrefdfu f hfu wmwmld`fu ld j|ebfu {adfu$ F ~lufr `l lhha } ld eadprfupl f hf `ljfd`f dfemadfh `l fc|f eadu|jl f~ldfu |d 6, "6<> jmhhadlu `l j5! föa- `l hau rle|ruau bê`rmeau u|~lrgmemfhlu `mu~admohlu( `lom`a ~rmdem~fhjldpl f hf gfhpf `l mdgrflupr|ep|rf gêumef v|l ~lrjmpf |df jf}ar
3 |pmhm{fe |pmhm{femõd$ mõd$ "\dm`f` `l Fdæhmumu Fdæhmumu `l ^ahêpme ^ahêpmefu fu Uaemfhlu Uaemfhlu } Leadõj Leadõjmefu mefu "6==2-( "6==2-( empf`a empf`a ld O|upfjfdpl( ?>>?-$ Hf em|`f` `l Eaebfofjof } hfu ead|rofemadlu bfemf Ufefof } V|mhhfeahha( pmldld |df ~aohfemõd ~aohfemõd `l f~ramjf`fjldpl f~ramjf`fjldpl 7>>$>>> bfompfdplu "efum hf jmpf` `lh papfh `lh `l~frpfjldpa `l Eaebfofjof-( Uõha <<, `l hf ~aohfemõd |rofdm{fd f feel`l fh umupljf `l fc|f ~apfohl } fhefdpfrmhhf`a( jl`mfdpl hf lj~rluf$ @l pfh jfdlrf v|l ~ar `íef`fu( lmupld |df ulrml `l garjfu fhplrdfpmwfu `l f~rawmumadfjmldpa `lh rle|rua eaja hfu ~mhlpfu ~|ohmefu ld fhc|dfu {adfu( hf arcfdm{femõd ld eaa~lrfpmwfu a ld Eajmpíu Eajmpíu `l fc|f( lupau ûhpmjau ~rl`ajmdfdplu ~rl`ajmdfdplu ld ærlfu r|rfhlu a ~lrm|rofdfu( ~lrm|rofdfu( a hf eaj~rf `l fc|f `l hau efrrau ‘fc|fplrau‚ } u| ~auplrmar fhjfeldfjmldpa ld p|rrmhlu a wmlkau ofh`lu da umlj~rl f~pau ~frf ~rlwldmr rmlucau ufdmpfrmau$ Hf ~aohfemõd arcfdm{f`f ld Eaa~lrfpmwfu Eaa~lrfpmwfu a Eajmpíu Eajmpíu `l Fc|f ld j|ebau efuau bfd prfofkf`a l mdwlrpm`a `|rfdpl föau ~frf rluahwlr u| dlelum`f` `l feelua fh fc|f } bfd eadupmp|m`a lug|lr{au eahlepmwau `l mj~arpfdemf ld hfu wm`fu `l hfu gfjmhmfu; \d lup| lup|`m `maa rlfh rlfhm{ m{f` f`aa ld 6==3 6==3 `lj| `lj|lu lupr prff v|l v|l lh feel feelua ua fh fc|f fc|f `l hf ~aoh ~aohfe femõ mõdd `l Eaebf Ea ebfofj ofjof of lu mdlv| mdlv|mp mpfp fpmwa mwa } `muer `muermj mjmdf mdfpa parma rma rlu~l rlu~lepa epa `l hau hau cr|~a cr|~auu jæu jæu ~ao ~aorl rluu } w|hdlrfohlu w|hdlrfohlu } ld ~frpme|hfr `l hfu j|klrlu ~aorlu `l hfu ærlfu r|rfhlu( ~|lupa v|l lupau cr|~au b|jfdau rlemold jldar ef|`fh `l fc|f } cldlrfhjldpl ~fcfd( ld ~ra~aremõd f u|u mdcrluau( jæu v|l hau cr|~au jl`mau a `l jf}arlu mdcrluau "Hl`a( 6==3-$ Hf f|parf `lj|luprf v|l ld lupl luv|ljf `l gfhpf `l eadlmadlu( eadlmadlu( lupr|ep|rfu pfrmgfrmfu `muermjmdfparmfu `muermjmdfparmfu } lueful{ `l fc|f( mj~fepfd ld hfu ~aohfemadlu jæu ~aorlu hfu v|l ~fcfd jæu jæu ~ar lh fc|f; fc|f; bfupf <, `lh cfupa cfupa gfjmhmfr$ @lh papfh `l hf ~aohfemõd umd ulrwmema `l fc|f ~apfohl } fhefdpfrmhhf`a( |d <7, ul lde|ldprf ld hfu {adfu r|rfhlu( bleba v|l `lj|luprf lh ~rag|d`a fofd`ada lupfpfh v|l ld hfu ûhpmjfu `íef`fu ul bf fc|`m{f`a ~frf lh efj~a eaja ~frpl `l hfu ~ahêpmefu dlahmolrfhlu$
2 Ld hfu ærlfu r|rfhlu ~lrwmwld ead crfd g|lr{f hau umupljfu ~ra~mau `l clupmõd `lh fc|f frrfmcf`au ld |df e|hp|rf eaj|dmpfrmf ead ~ræepmefu prf`memadfhlu `l `muprmo|emõd `lh fc|f ~frf lh eadu|ja } ~frf lh rmlca( e|hp|rfu e|hp|rfu `l rluah|emõd `l eadghmepau eadghmepau } `muprmo|emõd `muprmo|emõd `lh fc|f ld g|demõd `l hau `lrlebau } dlelum`f`lu `l hf eahlepmwm`f` } hf |dm`f` gfjmhmfr( `lrlebau eahlepmwau } gfjmhmfrlu$ Bfohfjau ldpadelu `l |df ump|femõd ld hf v|l |df ~frpl `l hf ~aohfemõd feel`l fh fc|f } f hau hau ulrwm ulrwmem emau au ufdmp ufdmpfrm frmau au jl`mf jl`mfdp dpll |df lj~rl lj~rluf uf j|dm j|dmem em~fh ~fh(( ead ead |df lupr|e lupr|ep| p|rf rf pfrmg pfrmgfrm frmff oæumefjldpl oæumefjldpl `muermjmdfparmf `muermjmdfparmf } ead |df f`jmdmuprfemõd f`jmdmuprfemõd ~aea prfdu~frldpl( prfdu~frldpl( } ld ~frfhlha ~frfhlha |d eadk|dpa `l umupljfu eaj|dmpfrmau( eajmpíu `l fc|f } eaa~lrfpmwfu `l fc|f ~apfohl } fhefdpfrmhhf`a( ead garjfu `mwlrufu `l arcfdm{femõd } `mdæjmefu ~ra~mfu( |rofdfu a r|rfhlu( ead ~ræepmefu `l arcfdm{femõd lu~leêgmefu uaorl hf clupmõd `lh fc|f$ Hfu j|klrlu uad ~frpl `l lupfu arcfdm{femadlu fh ulr ~frpl `l hf eaj|dm`f`( ~lra u| wmde|hfemõd lupæ pfjomíd `f`f ~ar u|u rahlu rl~ra`|epmwau eaja wlrljau jæu f`lhfdpl( ld lupfu arcfdm{femadlu( uaorl pa`a f dmwlh r|rfh cldlrfhjldpl hf garjf `l ~frpmem~femõd lu gfjmhmfr( rlef}ld`a hf rl~rluldpfemõd ~frf hfu arcfdm{femadlu ld hau bajorlu ~lra ead |d ~f~lh fepmwa fepmwa } ~lrjfdldpl ~lrjfdldpl `l hfu j|klrlu j|klrlu ld hfu fepmwm`f`l fepmwm`f`luu `l clupmõd$ clupmõd$
Garj|hfemõd `lh ~raohljf
±E|æhlu uad hau gfeparlu v|l mdgh|}ld f v|l ld lh j|d`a bf}f lueful{ `l fc|f1 ±E|æhlu uad hau gfeparlu v|l mdgh|}ld f v|l ld Eaebfofjof bf}f lueful{ `l fc|f } v|l lupl jæu fglepf`f v|l ld aprau `l~frpfjldpau `l Oahmwmf1 ±E|æh lu lh jmuplrma v|l ldw|lhwl lh ~raohljf `lh fc|f ld Eaebfofjof1 ±Eõja lu ~aumohl v|l ha u|grf pfdpf cldpl } v|l ul ha prfpl ead pfdpf md`mglrldemf1 ±V|í u|el`l ead hau v|l da pmldld feelua fh ulrwmema ~ûohmea1
BM^ÕPLUMU
= Mdwlupmcfjau( l~hmefjau( `ljauprfjau hau gfeparlu leadõjmeau( uaemfhlu } ehmjæpmeau v|l mdgh|}ld `mrlepf a md`mrlepfjldpl ~frf v|l ul ~ra`|{ef hf luefullu `l fc|f ~apfohl ld Eaebfofjof$ Eaebfofjof$ Jl`mfdpl Jl`mfdpl hf mdwlupmcfemõd } rleahleemõd rleahleemõd `l pa`au hau `ae|jldpau bmupõrmeau( bmupõrmeau( leadõjmeau } ehmjæpmeau `l hf luefullu `lh fc|f ld hf ~lru~lepmwf j|d`mfh } ld Eaebfofjof$ ±V|í ~|l`l bfelrul1 ^frf fhc|dau ~fêulu ead lueful{ `l fc|f } ræ~m`a erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd v|m{æ }f ulf `ljfumf`a pfr`l ~frf lwmpfr |df ermumu$ J|ebau aprau ~fêulu ~|l`ld lwmpfr hf ermumu v|l ul f~ramjf um garj|hfd } f~hmefd f hf orlwl`f` ~ahêpmefu } luprfplcmfu f~ra~mf`fu$ Ulf v|l lh fc|f ul |ul ~frf hf fcrme|hp|rf( hf md`|uprmf a hau ulrwmemau j|dmem~fhlu( lmupld fj~hmfu ~aumomhm`f`lu ~aumomhm`f`lu `l eadulrwfemõd eadulrwfemõd } `l |d jlkar f~rawlebfjmldpa$ f~rawlebfjmldpa$ Ld hfu luprfplcmfu luprfplcmfu `lol eadum`lrfrul eadum`lrfrul da uõha hf garjf `l rlc|hfr jlkar lh fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f umda pfjomíd eõja rlc|hfr jlkar hf `ljfd`f$ ^frf lwmpfr v|l f hf hfrcf ul ~ra`|{ef |df efpæupragl( pfjomíd lu mj~arpfdpl fep|fr fbarf jmuja } `lufelhlrfr lh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd f gmd `l eadpldlr lh f|jldpa `l hf `ljf `ljfd`f d`f `l fc|f fc|f `|hel `|hel$$ Fe Fep|f p|fhj hjldp ldpl( l( ld d|jlr d|jlraua auauu ~fêul ~fêuluu ld `lufr `lufrrah rahha ha jmhh jmhhadl adluu `l ~lruadfu v|mlrld ~hfdmgmefr ~hfdmgmefr u|u gfjmhmfu gfjmhmfu } ~rfepmefr ~rfepmefr hf fdpmeadel~emõd$ fdpmeadel~emõd$ Hau ~racrfjfu `l ~hfdmgmefemõd ~hfdmgmefemõd gfjmhmfr gfjmhmfr bfd um`a j|} mj~arpfdplu mj~arpfdplu ~frf fulc|rfr hf ufh|` rl~ra`|epmwf rl~ra`|epmwf md`mwm`|fh } rl`|emr hau dmwlhlu `l gle|d`m`f` dfemadfhlu$ Hf eadpmd|femõd } fj~hmfemõd `l lupau ~racrfjfu pfjomíd pfjomíd ~|l`l f}|`fr f v|l lh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd ul wf}f grldfd`a } hhlc|l f dmwlhlu uaupldmohlu ld rlhfemõd ead lh u|jmdmupra `l fc|f `|hel$
JLPA@AHACÊF ] K\UPMGMEFEMÕD K|upmgmefemõd `lh jípa`a Erlljau eadwldmldpl v|l lh jípa`a f |pmhm{fr ulræd;
6> Lh jípa`a fdfhêpmea( }f v|l ul pmldl v|l `lueaj~adlr } grfcjldpfr pa`au hau eaj~adldplu fdplrmarlu } fep|fhlu v|l mdgh|ldemfrad ~frf v|l ul `l hf lueful{ `l fc|f ~apfohl ld lh j|d`a } Eaebfofjof } `lu~|íu fdfhm{fr pa`a lupl umupljf eaj~hlka$ Ul `mupmdc|ld hau lhljldpau `l |d gldõjlda } ul ~rael`l f rlwmufr ar`ldf`fjldpl ef`f |da `l lhhau ~ar ul~frf`a$ Hf gêumef( hf v|êjmef v|êjmef } hf omahacêf |pmhm{fd |pmhm{fd lupl jípa`a; jípa`a; f ~frpmr `l hf l~lrmjldpfemõd } lh fdæhmumu `l crfd d|jlra `l efuau ul lupfohleld hl}lu |dmwlrufhlu$ Eadumupl ld hf lprfeemõd `l hfu ~frplu `l |d pa`a( ead lh aoklpa `l lup|`mfrhfu lup|`mfrhfu } lfjmdfrhfu lfjmdfrhfu ~ar ul~frf`a( ul~frf`a( ~frf wlr( ~ar lklj~ha lklj~ha hfu rlhfemadlu rlhfemadlu ldprl hfu jmujfu$ jmujfu$ Lupfu a~lrfemadlu da lmupld md`l~ld`mldplu md`l~ld`mldplu |df `l hf aprf( lh fdæhmumu `l |d aoklpa ul rlfhm{f f ~frpmr `l hf rlhfemõd l lmupl ldprl hau lhljldpau v|l eadgarjfd `meba aoklpa eaja |d pa`a9 } f u| wl{( hfu uêdplumu ul ~ra`|el uaorl hf oful `l hau rlu|hpf`au ~rlwmau `lh fdæhmumu$ fdæhmumu$ Lh jípa`a e|fdpmpfpmwa( }f v|l ul dlelumpfrfd pa`au hau `fpau d|jírmeau ~aumohlu ~frf `ljau `ljaupr prfr fr pa`au pa`au hau hau ~rlem ~rlemau au fep|f fep|fhl hluu `lh fc|f fc|f ~apfoh ~apfohll ld hau hau ~fêul ~fêuluu `lh `lh j|d`a j|d`a } ld Eaebfofjof `|rfdpl lh umca RR } RRM$
Píedmefu `l rleahleemõd `l mdgarjfemõd Hfu Hfu píedm píedmef efuu `l rleahl rleahleem eemõd õd `l mdgar mdgarjf jfem emõd õd ulræd ulræd ~ar ~ar jl`ma jl`ma `l eadu| eadu|hp hpfu( fu( ldprlw ldprlwmup mupfu fu ~lruadfhlu( ~lruadfhlu( hlep|rf `l `ae|jldpau bmupõrmeau bmupõrmeau ld hf omohmaplef omohmaplef j|dmem~fh } ld hfu mdupmp|emadlu mdupmp|emadlu ldefrcf`fu ldefrcf`fu `lh u|jmdmupra u|jmdmupra `l fc|f ld lh `l~frpfjldpa( `l~frpfjldpa( ld fhc|dfu ~fcmdfu `l Mdplrdlp( Mdplrdlp( ld hfu fcr|~fem fcr|~femadlu adlu v|l wlhfd ~ar hf lupfomh lupfomhm`f` m`f` `lh umupljf umupljf $ v|l v|l`fd`a `fd`a pa`f hf mdgarjfem mdgarjfemõd õd rleahlepf`f crfof`f ld emdpfu crfof`arfu( wm`lau( gapaea~mfu `l `ae|jldpau fdlf`f fh mdgarjl gmdfh `l hau rlu|hpf`au `l pa`a lh ~ra}lepa$
Píedmefu omohmacrfgmefu Hfu píedmefu omohmacrfgmefu omohmacrfgmefu |pmhm{fr ulræd hfu `l umj~hl eadu|hpf( eadu|hpf( `l hau `ae|jldpau `ae|jldpau bmupõrmeau } ~|ohmefemadlu frebmwf`fu ld hfu omohmaplefu l mdupmp|emadlu rlhfemadfu ead lh pljf$
66
Píedmefu lj~êrmefu Hfu píedmefu lj~êrmefu f rlfhm{fr ulræd hfu wmwm`fu ld lh jajldpa `l rleahlepfr pa`au hau `fpau$
J|luprla Ul `ljauprfrf pa`a ha rleahlepf`a ~ar jl`ma `l ~f~lhacrfgau( ~f~lhacrfgau( `mf~aumpmwfu( lpe( ld lh barfrma `l ehfulu `l hf jfplrmf$
JF_EA PLÕ_MEA
Jfrea Eadel~p|fh } @lgmdmemõd `l Pírjmdau
6$ LH ^_AO ^_AOHL HLJF JF @L HF LUEF LUEFUL UL[ [ Lh lhljldpa `ajmdfdpl `l pa`a ~raohljf leadõjmea rl`|em`a f u| jæmjf l~rlumõd lu hf lueful{ `l rle|ruau grldpl f hfu mhmjmpf`fu dlelum`f`lu v|l `lold ulr fpld`m`fu$ Lh ~raohljf u|rcl ldpadelu `l hf mdplrrlhfemõd ldprl hfu dlelum`f`lu b|jfdfu } hau rle|ruau `mu~admohlu ~frf ufpmugfelrhfu$ ufpmugfelrhfu$ Hfu dlelum`f`lu dlelum`f`lu `lh bajorl ~ar eadu|jmr omldlu } ulrwmemau lel`ld lel`ld hf efdpm`f` v|l `l lhhau hf leadajêf ~|l`l ~ra`|emr ead hau rle|ruau `mu~admohlu( v|l`fd`a umlj~rl fhc|dfu dlelum`f`lu mdufpmuglebfu$ Hau rle|ruau leadõjmeau eaja hf g|lr{f `l prfofka( hf pmlrrf( lh ef~mpfh( uad luefuau a hmjmpf`au ld e|fhv|mlr uaeml`f`( ~ar ha v|l hf efdpm`f` `l omldlu a ulrwmemau v|l ~|l`ld ~ra`|emrul uad uad mc|fhjldpl mc|fhjldpl hmjmpf`au$ hmjmpf`au$ @l da bfolr lueful{ da pld`rêf rf{õd `l ulr lh lup|`ma `l hf leadajêf( ~|lupa v|l um g|lul ~aumohl v|l v|l f ef`f md`mwm`|a md`mwm`|a ul hl ~ra~aremadfrf ~ra~aremadfrf ha v|l dlelumpf ldpadelu; ldpadelu; Hfu dlelum`f`lu ul wahwlrêfd uaha `l eaar`mdfemõd } arcfdm{femõd } jlkarf `lh prfofka ~frf |df jf}ar lgmemldemf$
6? Hfu h|ebfu `l ehfulu( hau eadghmepau uaemfhlu ~ar ef|ufu leadõjmefu } hfu dlcaemfemadlu eajlremfhlu mdplrdfu } lplrdfu `luf~frlelrêfd$ Hau ~raohljfu lmupldplu ~frf hf ~ra`|eemõd jfumwf fuê eaja hfu mdwlupmcfemadlu emldpêgmefu } pledahõcmefu da ul ae|~frêfd `lh f|jldpa `l hf ~ra`|eemõd( pajfrêfd aprau r|joau$ ^lra hf rlfhm`f` lu j|} `mupmdpf( ~|lupa v|l hf jæu ulwlrf `l hfu hl}lu jmhldfrmfu lu hf lueful{( v|l ld hf lpf~f `l hf lwah|emõd leadõjmef( da umcdmgmef ‘efrldemf `l‚( umda mdufpmugfeemõd$ Hau ulrlu b|jfdau `lold `lem`mr eõja lj~hlfr |dau rle|ruau hmjmpf`au ~frf fhefd{fr hf jæmjf ufpmugfeemõd ~aumohl `l u|u dlelum`f`lu$ F ef|uf `l v|l hfu dlelum`f`lu da ~|l`ld ufpmugfelrul ~ar eaj~hlpa } f v|l hau jl`mau `mu~admohlu ~|l`ld |pmhm{frul `l `mglrldplu jfdlrfu ~frf aopldlr `mglrldplu gmdlu( `lol `frul |df lhleemõd ldprl gmdlu } jl`mau$ Hf lueful{ mj~hmef v|l hfu ~lruadfu pmldld v|l bfelr |df lhleemõd * ~lr`lr a rld|demfr f |df eauf f gfwar `l aprf$ Ldpadelu lh ~raohljf `l hf leadajm{femõd ~frf hacrfr |d |ua lgmemldpl `l hau rle|ruau( ul eadwmlrpl ld hf jlpf jæu mj~arpfdpl `l |d umupljf leadõjmea( v|l ul garj|hf eaja; Lj~hlfr luau rle|ruau luefuau ~frf ~ra`|emr omldlu } ulrwmemau ld hf garjf jæu lgmemldpl ~aumohl v|l ~lrjmpf ufpmugfelr mdplcrfhjldpl mdplcrfhjldpl hau `lulau `mwlrumgmef`au } f wlelu eadghmepmwau `l pa`au hau em|`f`fdau$ @mebf jlpf eadpmdûf `lufpld`m`f ~ar lh crf`a `l l~fdumõd } |pmhm{femõd `l hfu ef~fem`f`lu ~ra`|epmwfu( ~ra`|epmwfu( fuê eaja ~ar hf garjf `l `muprmo|emõd `muprmo|emõd `l hau rle|ruau } ~ra`|epau( ~ra`|epau( ~ar ha v|l umlj~rl ulræ |d `lufgmõ ~frf hf b|jfdm`f`$ Hf h|ebf `l hfu uaeml`f`lu ~frf u|~lrfr hau ~raohljfu `l lueful{ } jlkarfr hfu ead`memadlu `l lv|mhmorma ld hf `muprmo|emõd( bf um`a |df eadupfdpl ld hf bmuparmf leadõjmef `l hfu dfemadlu$ Pa`fu hfu uaeml`f`lu dlelumpfd |ufr ld garjf lgmemldpl u|u hmjmpf`au rle|ruau } ~ra`|emr pfdpau pfdpau omldlu } ulrwmemau ulrwmemau eaja hlu ulf ~aumohl ~aumohl ead hau rle|ruau `mu~admohlu( `mu~admohlu( ~frf v|l v|l
65 jfmjmel hf ufpmugfeemõd papfh$ ^frf aopldlr lupl rlu|hpf`a `lol hacrfr lh ~hlda lj~hla } hf ~hldf ~ra`|eemõd$ ~ra`|eemõd$ ^ar ~hlda lj~hla ul ldpmld`l lh |ua `l pa`au hau rle|ruau `mu~admohlu `mu~admohlu pfdpa `l pmlrrf eaja `l ef~mpfh } jfda `l aorf( ha e|fh da umcdmgmef lh |ua lgmemldpl `l hau jmujau$ Hf lgmemldemf a ~hldf ~ra`|eemõd ~ra`|eemõd umcdmgmef ~ra`|emr ld hf garjf jldau eaupauf } v|l ufpmugfcf lh jf}ar dûjlra `l dlelum`f`lu `l hf ~aohfemõd$ ?$ ^_AOHLJF @L HFU DLELUM@F@LU MHMJMPF@FU Ul ldpm ldpmld` ld`ll dlelum dlelum`f` `f` eaja eaja pa`f pa`f eauf eauf v|l v|l rlv|m rlv|mlrl lrl a `lulf `lulf |d ead eadu| u|jm jm`ar `ar ~frf ~frf hf eadulrwfemõd `l hf wm`f e|}f ~rawmumõd ef|uf ufpmugfeemõd$ Lh `lula ~|l`l ulr ufpmugfelr lh bfjorl( hf ul`( ~raplclrul `lh grêa( `mwlrpmrul( lup|`mfr( lpe$ Hfu dlelum`f`lu `lh bajorl uad mhmjmpf`fu( `lom`a f v|l lh ~racrlua `l hf wm`f uaemfh } jfplrmfh `l hf uaeml`f` wf mj~admld`a d|lwfu dlelum`f`lu v|l ufpmugfelr$ F lupa ul u|jf lh bleba v|l hau rle|ruau uad hmjmpf`au } luefuau rlu~lepa f hfu dlelum`f`lu( `l jfdlrf v|l hf uaeml`f` da ~|l`l ufpmugfelrhfu ufpmugfelrhfu pa`fu( `lomld`a lupfohlelr lupfohlelr |df klrfrv|m{femõd klrfrv|m{femõd `l lhhfu( `lu`l hfu jæu luldemfhlu bfupf hfu jæu u|~lrgh|fu$ Ldpadelu hau rle|ruau luefuau `lold `lupmdfrul f ufpmugfelr hfu dlelum`f`lu jæu |rcldplu( f|dv|l lhhfu d|def ~|l`ld ufpmugfelr ~ar eaj~hlpa$ Lh eldpra `lh ~raohljf leadõjmea rf`mef ld lh bleba v|l hfu dlelum`f`lu uad jûhpm~hlu l mhmjmpf`fu } hau rle|ruau uad luefuau$ Hf ~rlc|dpf v|l u|rcl ~lrjfdldpljldpl lu um ~a`ræd hfu ja`lrdfu leadajêfu ead hf `lgmdmp `lgmdmpmwf mwf mdear~ar mdear~arfemõ femõdd `l hf emldemf emldemf } hf pledaha pledahacêf cêf fh f~frfpa f~frfpa ~ra`|ep ~ra`|epmwa mwa u|~lrfr u|~lrfr hf jmhldfrmf hl} `l hf lueful{$ F|dv|l hfu dlelum`f`lu dlelum`f`lu ~rmjfrmfu ~rmjfrmfu "fhmjl " fhmjldpau( dpau( wmwmld`f( wlup|frma- lupíd fpld`m`fu ld fhc|dfu dfemadlu `l leadajêfu fwfd{f`fu ~ar |df dapfohl ~ra`|eemõd jfumwf( lh ~raohljf `l hf lueful{ ul w|lhwl v|m{æu jfu crfwl v|l ld hfu leadajêfu ~rmjmpmwfu( ~ar hf eadupfdpl erlfemõd `l d|lwfu dlelum`f`lu
60 Hfu dlelum`f`lu dlelum`f`lu jfplrmfhlu ( lu `lemr lh `lula `l hau eadu|jm`arlu eadu|jm`arlu `l aopldlr } |ufr `mwlruau omldlu } ulrwmemau v|l hlu ~ra~aremadld ~ra~aremadld |pmhm`f`( |pmhm`f`( ~hfelr a ufpmugfeemõd ufpmugfeemõd uad ef`f `êf jfu `mwlrufu l mdufemfohlu9 ‘hf uaeml`f` `l eadu|ja‚ bfel v|l ef`f `êf f~frl{efd d|lwau ~ra`|epau v|l ræ~m`fjldpl ræ~m`fjldpl ul `mg|d`ld f prfwíu `l hau jl`mau ~|ohmempfrmau ~|ohmempfrmau ~frf erlfrdau dlelum`f`lu v|l fdplu da pldêfjau$ F`lj F` ljæu æu hf l~lr l~lrml mldem demff bmupõ bmupõrme rmeff bf `lja `ljaupr uprf`a f`a v|l ‘ld hf jl`m jl`m`f `f v| v|ll hau hau rle|ru rle|ruau au ~ra`|epmwau ~ra`|epmwau ul lpmld`ld lpmld`ld } ul ~lrgleemadfd hau `lulau( hfu dlelum`f`lu dlelum`f`lu b|jfdfu erleld jfu v|l ~ra~aremadfhjldpl‚$ 5$ ^_AOHLJF @L _LE\_UAU G_LDPL F DLELUM@F@LU Jmldprfu hau `lulau jfplrmfhlu `lh bajorl ~frleld mdufemfohlu( hau rle|ruau ~frf fpld`lrhau ~lrjfdleld ~lrjfdleld luefuau( ldpadelu; Hacrfr u| ~hldf |pmhm{femõd( lh lj~hla rfemadfh } hf earrlepf eajomdfemõd } f`jmdmuprfemõd `l hau rle|ruau ~frf hacrfr jlkarlu rlu|hpf`au ul eadwmlrpl ld apra `l hau crfd`lu ~raohljfu `l hf leadajêf$ 0$ FHPL_DFPMWFU @L ^_A@\EEMÕD ^ar hf hmjmpfemõd `l hau rle|ruau da lu ~aumohl ~ra`|emr efdpm`f`lu mdgmdmpfu `l hau omldlu `lulf`au( ~ar ha v|l hf uaeml`f` `lol lhlcmr hf garjf `l `muprmo|mr hau rle|ruau hmjmpf`au ldprl hau jmhlu `l ~ra`|epau a ulrwmemau rlv|lrm`au( hf efdpm`f` jæmjf v|l ~|l`l ~ra`|emr ead hf pleda pledaha hacê cêff } hau hau rle|r rle|ruau uau lmup lmupldp ldplu lu } ulhl ulhleem eemadf adfrr ldprl ldprl hfu hfu `mglr `mglrld ldpl pluu fhpl fhplrdf rdfpm pmwfu wfu a ~aumomhm`f`lu ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd( ~ra`|eemõd( `l ha e|fh u|rcld `au hl}lu `lrmwf`fu9 Hl} `l hfu ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd a `l hau eaupau erlemldplu$ Um hau rle|ruau da g|lrfd luefuau ul ~ra`|emrêfd efdpm`f`lu mhmjmpf`fu `l e|fhv|mlr ~ra`|epa bfupf ufpmugfelr eaj~hlpfjldpl hfu dlelum`f`lu `l hf ~aohfemõd ~lra eaja umlj~rl lmupmræ mdu|gm mdu|gmeml emldem demff `l fhc| fhc|da( da( e|fd`a e|fd`a hau hau rle|ru rle|ruau au ul lde|l lde|ldpr dprfd fd ~hldf ~hldfjl jldpl dpl lj~h lj~hlf lf`au `au(( hf leadajêf ul lde|ldprf ld hf gradplrf `l hfu ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd( ~ar ha v|l ul rlv|mlrl `lem`mr ldprl mdwlrpmrhau ld |df | aprf fhplrdfpmwf a eajomdfrhau f`le|f`fjldpl( `mujmd|}ld`a hf efdpm`f` `l |da ~frf f|jldpfr hf `lh apra( a lhlcmr ldprl ufpmugfelr ld jf}ar
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67
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Fh prf{fr hf crægmef `l hfu ~aumomhm`f`lu rlfhlu `l ~ra`|eemõd `lh lklj~ha fdplrmar( ef`f ~|dpa v|l lupæ uaorl hf e|rwf rl~rluldpf hf ~ra`|eemõd ~ra`|eemõd jæmjf `l fjoau omldlu( `ldajmdf`f gradplrf `l ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd( v|l u|~adl v|l hf leadajêf bf fhefd{f`a lh ~hlda lj~hla } hf lgmemldemf ~ra`|epmwf lu `lemr hf leadajêf lupæ g|demadfd`a ld u| ~hldf ef~fem`f`$ Ld lupl hêjmpl um ul v|mlrl ~ra`|emr 60 |dm`f`lu `lh ~ra`|epa ]( da ul ~a`ræ ~ra`|emr dmdc|df |dm`f` `lh R( f jl`m`f v|l ul ~rluemd`l `l fhc|dfu |dm`f`lu `lh ~ra`|epa ] ul ~|l`l mrmr f|jldpfd`a f|jldpfd`a ~f|hfpmdfjldpl ~f|hfpmdfjldpl hfu |dm`f`lu |dm`f`lu `l R$ @lol fdapfrul v|l hf e|rwf `l hfu ~aumomhm`f`lu ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd lu eõdefwf ead rlu~lepa f u| armcld( lu `lemr ul j|lwl bfemf f`ldpra$ F jl`m`f v|l ul ~fuf `l hf fhplrdfpmwf F f hf fhplrdfpmwf O } u|elumwfjldpl bfupf hf L( hf ~ra`|eemõd `l |dm`f`lu f`memadfhlu `l |d omld( mj~hmef lh ufermgmema ld efdpm`f`lu erlemldplu `l hau `ljæu omldlu$ ul mde|rrl ld eaupau `l a~arp|dm`f` erlemldplu$
63
Hau ~|dpau ump|f`au g|lrf `l hf gradplrf uad mdfhefd{fohlu( hf leadajêf da pmldl rle|ruau ~frf fhefd{fr ~ra`|eemadlu ~ra`|eemadlu u|~lrmarlu$ u|~lrmarlu$ Fuê jmuja( um ul lde|ldprfd lde|ldprfd ~|dpau \ `ldpra hf e|rwf md`mef v|l fhc|dau rle|ruau da lupæd |pmhm{f`au |pmhm{f`au ~hldfjldpl( rl~rluldpfd `lulj~hla `lulj~hla a mdlgmemldemf ~ra`|epmwf$ Erlemjmldpa leadõjmea; `lu~hf{fjmldpa `l hf e|rwf `l ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd$ E|fd` E| fd`aa lh dmwlh dmwlh jæm jæmja ja `l ~ra`| ~ra`|eem eemõd õd ~aplde ~apldemfh mfh `l hf leada leadajê jêff ul ja`m ja`mgme gmeff ~ar mderl mderljl jldp dpau au ld hau hau `mglrl `mglrldp dplu lu gfepa gfeparlu rlu ~ra`|e ~ra`|epm pmwau wau "jæu "jæu prfof prfofka ka(( jæu jæu ef~mp ef~mpfh fh a jæu jæu pledahacêf- ul ~ra`|el |d `lu~hf{fjmldpa `l hf e|rwf bfemf hf `lrlebf( md`mefd`a v|l hf jf}ar fo|d`fdemf `l rle|ruau ~|l`l `fr h|cfr f |df ~ra`|eemõd ~apldemfh jf}ar `l |da `l hau ~ra`|epau a `l fjoau ld ef`f fhplrdfpmwf$ E|fd`a hf e|rwf `l ~aumomhm`f`lu `l ~ra`|eemõd ~ra`|eemõd ul `lu~hf{f `lu~hf{f bfemf fg|lrf fg|lrf ul `mel v|l bf} erlemjmldpa erlemjmldpa leadõjmea leadõjmea$$ Ldpadelu hf fj~hmfemõd `l hf aglrpf `l rle|ruau ( hfu jlkarfu ld hf efhm`f` `l hau jmujau } hau fwfdelu pledahõcmeau v|l u|~adl d|lwau } jlkarlu jípa`au ~frf mderljldpfr hf ~ra`|eemõd ~ra`|eemõd ( bfeld ~aumohl v|l hf uaeml`f` uaeml`f` ~ra`|{ef jfu omldlu( ha v|l rl~rluldpf |d erlemjmldpa leadõjmea$
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62
lmupldpl ldprl hau gfeparlu `l ~ra`|eemõd } hf efdpm`f` `l omldlu rlu|hpfdpl `lh ~raelua$ F ha e|fh ul hl `ldajmdf hl} `l hau rld`mjmldpau `lerlemldplu$ Hf hl} `l hau rld`mjmldpau `lerlemldplu lu |df `l hfu hl}lu jfu mj~arpfdplu `l hf ~ra`|eemõd$ ~ra`|eemõd$ Lupf hl} lupfohlel lupfohlel v|l( f jl`m`f v|l |ufjau jfu } jfu |dm`f`lu `l fhc|dau `l hau mdu|jau `l hf ~ra`|eemõd ~frf prfofkfr ead |da a jfu mdu|jau gmkau( `lu~|íu `l |d ~|dpa `lplrjmdf`a `lplrjmdf`a ul aopmldl jldau } jldau ~ra`|eemõd( ~ra`|eemõd( a ~ra`|epa jfrcmdfh lprf( `l ef`f |dm`f` f`memadfh `l hau mdu|jau wfrmfohlu lj~hlf`au$ Ul ld|demf eaja; f ~frpmr `l emlrpa jajldpa hf ~ra`|eemõd f`memadfh rlu|hpfdpl( a hfu efdpm`f`lu `l ~ra`|epa( uad u|elumwfjldpl jldarlu fh föf`mr `aumu mc|fhlu `l |d gfepar f |df efdpm`f` gmkf `l apra$ ±^ar v|í1 ^arv|l hau gfeparlu wfrmfohlu pmldld ef`f wl{ jldar efdpm`f` `l hau gfeparlu gmkau ~frf prfof prfofkfr kfr(( ~ar ha v|l fh föf`mr föf`mr |dm`f` |dm`f`lu lu u|el u|elumw umwfu fu `l |d uaha uaha gfepa gfeparr hau hau mderlj mderljldp ldpau au rlu|hpfdplu uad ef`f wl{ jldarlu$ Lklj~ha ^frf |df blepærlf `l pmlrrf ld hf v|l ul ~ra`|el |d uaha omld( ul eadprfpf mdmemfhjldpl |d bajorl v|mld uaha hacrf eaulebfr ?>>> |dm`f`lu( fh eadprfpfrul |d d|lwa bajorl ul mderljldpf hf eaulebf f prlu jmh |dm`f`lu( f jl`m`f v|l ul wfd f`memadfd`a jfu bajorlu hfu |dm`f`lu eaulebf`fu ~ar ef`f d|lwa bajorl ld wl{ `l f|jldpfr mræd `mujmd|}ld`a( ~|lupa v|l hf efdpm`f` efdpm`f` `l pmlrrf f eaulebfr da bf wfrmf`a$ wfrmf`a$ Jmldprfu Jmldprfu jf}ar ulf lh dûjlra `l Prfofkf`arlu |pmhm{f`au ~frf aopldlr hf ~ra`|eemõd umd f|jldpfr hf efdpm`f` `l pmlrrf( lu jldar hf ~ra`|eemõd f`memadfh v|l ul aopmldl `l ef`f prfofkf`ar D» BAJO_L BAJO_LU U * \DM@F@LU FÖA > 6 ? 5
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\df f~hmefemõd `l hf hl} `l hau rld`mjmldpau `lerlemldplu g|l lh ~aup|hf`a rlfhm{f`a ~ar lh leadajmupf Pbajfu _aolrp Jfhpb|u |ua lupf plarêf ~frf bfelr ~rl`meemadlu uaorl lh erlemjmldpa leadõjmea } lh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd ulöfhfd`a v|l ‘ lmupl |df pld`ldemf |dmwlrufh `l hf ~aohfemõd f f|jldpfr ld ~racrlumõd clajíprmef f jldau `l v|l ulfd grldf`fu hfu `mu~admomhm`f`lu `l fhmjldpau( ~|lupa v|l fh da erlelr lh j|d`a hf eajm`f } lh u|upldpa lupfræd j|} ~ar `lofka `l hfu dlelum`f`lu wmpfhlu ‘$ Jfhpb|u da ~rlwma hau jmhfcrau `l hf rlwah|emõd md`|uprmfh v|l `lu~hf{frêfd hfu e|rwfu `l hf ~ra`|eemõd ~ra`|eemõd md`|uprmfh md`|uprmfh } hau f|jldpau f|jldpau umcdmgmefpmwau umcdmgmefpmwau `l hf ~ra`|epmwm`f` ~ra`|epmwm`f` fhefd{f`au ~ar lh |ua `l hf pledahacêf$ EADEH\UMÕD Grldpl f hfu hl}lu `l hf lueful{ `l rle|ruau } hf hmjmpfemõd `l hfu dlelum`f`lu ul ~rluldpfd crfd` rfd`lu lu ~ra ~raohlj ohljfu fu ld hf fep fep|fhm |fhm`f `f`9 `9 @mhl mhljf ldpr ldprll lh eadu eadu|j |jaa } hf mdwl mdwlru rumõ mõdd @mhljf ldprl cfupau `l ulc|rm`f` dfemadfh a omldlupfr uaemfh$ _lhfemõd f`le|f`f oldlgmema ! eaupa$ eaupa$ ^ra`| ^ra`|eem eemõd õd jæu jæu lv|mh lv|mhmor morf`f f`f ~frf ~frf fpld` fpld`lr lr hau hau `mglrl `mglrldp dplu lu cr|~au cr|~au `l ~ao ~aohf hfemõ emõd$ d$ Hf leadajêf lu umdõdmja `l rfemadfhm`f` } lupf ul l~rluf ld pírjmdau `l lgmemldemf v|l eadumupl ld hf jfmjm{femõd `l oldlgmemau ead jmdmjm{femõd `l eaupau( ha e|fh lmcl ulf wmupa ld |d eadplpa cldlrfh } da ~frpme|hfr "Lk$ Eadpfjmdfr ~ar f|jldpfr cfdfdemfuGrldpl f hau `mglrldplu `mhljfu f~frleld hfu ~ahêpmefu leadõjmefu eaja jfdlrfu `l rluahwlr hau ~raohljfu ~frf hf ~rmarm{femõd `l |da | apra( } f~frleld hau `mglrldplu rlcêjldlu `l ~rlemau } jlref`au jlref`au ~frf rlc|hfr rlc|hfr hf aglrpf } hf hf `ljfd`f fuê eaja eaja hfu hl}lu hl}lu ~frf eadprahfr hau hau `lujfdlu `l hf lgmemldemf jfh |pmhm{f`f$ QQ
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M$ HF L_F FD@MDF LD HF CLUPMAD @LH FC\F$ Pa`a lh wfhhl `l Eaebfofjof fdplu `l hf hhlcf`f `l hau lu~föahlu( ul ldeadprfof ofka lh eadprah wlrpmefh `l ~muau leahõcmeau `l `mglrldplu cr|~au `l hf umlrrf9 lu fuê v|l bfompfofd ld lh wfhhl wfhhl eldp eldprfh rfh /|d jaufm jaufmea ea f~ram f~ramjf jf`fj `fjldp ldpll `l e|frl e|frldpf dpf cr|~a cr|~auu ípdme ípdmeau/ au/(( v| v|ml mldlu dlu ~lrjfdlemlrad ~lrjfdlemlrad ld plrrmparmau plrrmparmau rlhfpmwfjldpl rlhfpmwfjldpl gmkau `lu`l hf ûhpmjf rlgarjf `lh Lupf`a Mdefmea 6$03>9 ldprl lupau ~|lohau fuldpf`au pldljau f hau /ebfrefu( eb|lu( efrf efrf } ebmebfu/$ Ld e|fdpa f hf eadel~emõd `lh |ua `l fc|f ~frf rmlca( eadu|ja b|jfda( |uau `ajíupmeau( md`|uprmf } forlwf`lrau9 omld ul ufol v|l ef`f cr|~a ípdmea( jfdpldêf jfdpldêf |d plrrmparma( ead pmlrrf } fc|f( eadum`lrf`au eaja omldlu eaj|dlu `lh cr|~a "`l Jmpmjflu( a F}hh|u-( gr|pa `lh rl~frpa v|l bfeêf lh Mdef `lu~|íu `l ef`f eadv|mupf plrrmparmfh$ Apra Apra fu~le fu~lepa pa mj~ar mj~arpf pfdpl dpl `ldpr `ldpraa hfu hfu darjf darjfuu `l |ua `lh fc|fu fc|fu(( lu hf blrld blrldemf emf e|hp e|hp|rf |rfhh bm`ræ|hmef( v|l jfref hf lu~lemgmem`f` `lh ~lrma`a ~rlbmu~ædmea( hf e|fh ul `fof ld hf rlhfemõd v|l lh bajorl uaupldêf "ld u|u fepmwm`f`lu- ld parda f u| jl`ma( f hf ~ra`|eemõd } aprau fu~lepau eapm`mfdau9 ha v|l `f h|cfr f |df eaujawmumõd ~frpme|hfr "ead hf dfp|rfhl{f( hau fuprau( hau f|v|mu( jfjfibaebfu } hf ~febfebfjf-$ Chaofhm`f` v|l pmldl |d umcdmgmef`a bahêupmea ld lh bajorl fd`mda( e|}au g|d`fjldpau oæumeau prf`|em`au ld hf ~ræepmef `lh |ua `l hau rle|ruau bê`rmeau uad hf arcfdm{femõd( hau rmpau } hau jmpau( v|l eadupmp|}ld hf oful `l hfu ~ræepmefu uaemfhlu ld hf clupmõd `l hau umupljfu bm`ræ|hmeau( lu `lemr hau ~rmdem~mau `l rlem~raem`f`( rl `muprmo|emõd( ghlmomhm`f` } prfdu~frldemf$ Lhljldpau e|hp|rfhlu v|l `fofd h|cfr f garjfu arcfdm{femadfhlu( arcfdm{femadfhlu( `lrlebau `l fc|f( a~lrfemõd( `muprmo|emõd( `muprmo|emõd( jfdpldmjmldpa jfdpldmjmldpa } `lufrrahha `l hau `mglrldplu umupljfu bm`ræ|hmeau |pmhm{f`au |pmhm{f`au ld u| jf}arêf( ld garjf md`mupmdpf md`mupmdpf ~frf eadu|ja b|jfda( rmlca( forlwf`lra } aprau |uau9 f ha e|fh ul `ldajmdf `ldajmdf /|uau } eaup|jorlu/ v|l ul jfdpmldld( eadupr|}ld } rleadupr|}ld ld lh prfdue|rua `l hau `mglrldplu ~raeluau `l lupr|ep|rf lupr|ep|rf fcrfrmf fcrfrmf ~rluldplu ~rluldplu ld lh ~raelua ~raelua bmupõrmea$ bmupõrmea$ MM$ HF L_F EAHADMFH LD LH JFDLKA @LH FC\F$
?6 @lu`l hf g|d`femõd `l Eaebfofjof 5 "6< `l Fcaupa `l 6$<36-( hau ldeajld`lrau } bfeld`f`au lu~föahlu ul rl~frpêfd } `mu~|pfofd pmlrrfu } fc|fu( eaja ~rljma ~ar u| pfrlf ld hf eadv|mupf$ Fumjmuja `lu`l |d ~rmdem~ma ul ~rluldpfrad eadghmepau ~ar lh eadprah `l hfu g|ldplu `l fc|fu |pmhm{f`fu md`mupmdpfjldpl ~frf rmlca } eadu|ja b|jfda9 lupf `mu~|pf fofrefofd g|ldplu eaja rêau( jfdfdpmfhlu } hfc|dfu$ Pfh eaja ul f`wmlrpl ld hf _lfh ^rawmumõd Lkle|parmfh Lkle|parmfh uaorl rl~frpmemõd `l Fc|fu `l V|lr| V|lr|( rlfhm{f`f lh 5> `l k|hma `l 6$<20( uaorl /Akau `l Fc|fu/9 hf /_l~frpmemõd `l Fc|fu `lh Ef~mpæd Grfdemuea Mdakauf ld 6$<3=/ ( hf /_l~frpmemõd `l Fc|fu `l @æwmhf `l 6$<=2/ } hf rl~frpmemõd `l Fc|fu `l Ebfmjl ld Efhf Efhf ( rlfhm{f`fu ld Fcaupa `l 6$7>6 v|l g|lrad fhc|dfu `l hfu ~rmjlrfu rl~frpmemadlu ld lh Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof$ Ld hfu `muprmo|emadlu rlfhm{f`fu rlfhm{f`fu ~ar hfu f|parm`f`lu lu~föahfu( ul ~lremol |df ehfrf `mglrldemf ldprl lh pmlj~a `l fumcdfemõd fumcdfemõd `l hfu bfemld`fu } `l hau md`mau9 lupf fgmrjfemõd ul eaj~r|lof rlfhm{fd`a |df eadwlrumõd f~ramjf`f( `l hau p|rdau f barfu ld hfu `mglrldplu g|ldplu `l fc|f$ Lhha dau `f eaja rlu|hpf`a `lrlebau v|l auemhfd ldprl 6?> } ?0 barfu( ld lh efua `l fc|fu `lh rêa9 ld hau jfdfdpmfhlu ul pmldl `lrlebau v|l wfd ldprl 7> æ 6? barfu( } ld hau `mv|lu ul pmldld mdplrwfhau `l 650 æ 60 barfu$ Lupf `mglrldemf ld pmlj~a( ul ~rluldpf ld ~rmjlr h|cfr( ~ar lh pm~a `l g|ldpl `muprmo|m`f } ld ulc|d` ulc|d`aa h|cf h|cfrr ~ar hfu hfu _lhf _lhfema emadlu dlu `l ^a`lr ^a`lr v|l lklreê lklreêfd fd hau hau bfeld` bfeld`f`a f`au( u( v|l da uaha uaha eadprahfofd hf jf}ar efdpm`f` `l barfu ld grle|ldemfu `l umlpl a prlu `êfu9 umda v|l pfjomíd ul ldpfohfofd `mglrldplu k|memau ~frf aopldlr feelua f `lrlebau `l |ua `l wfrmfu g|ldplu$ \d fu~lepa mj~arpfdpl ld rlhfemõd fh eadprah `l hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f( lu ~rlemufjldpl lh armcld `l lupfu( }f v|l ul ae|~frad } f~rawlebfrad g|ldplu `l umupljfu }f lupfohlem`au( eaja ulr hau rêau( } jfdfdpmfhlu } fhc|dfu hfc|dfu( uaorl hfu e|fhlu ul fj~hmfrad d|lwfu rl`lu `l ead`|eemõd v|l rlu~ad`êfd f hf dlelum`f` `l fj~hmfemõd `l rlcf`êau 9 ld lupa hf mdmemfpmwf ~frpêf `l hau bfeld`f`au v|l |ufofd lufu g|ldplu9 ~lra mdmemfhjldpl mdmemfhjldpl lupfu }f lupfofd umld`a |pmhm{f`fu } ul pldêfd `lrlebau uaorl u|u fc|fu `lu`l j|eba pmlj~a fpræu$
?? ^ar aprf ~frpl( ld |d ulc|d`a jajldpa `l hf eahadmf( ul ~lremol hf eadupr|eemõd `l @mv|lu( Hfc|dfu } aprau( ~ar ~frpl `l hau lu~föahlu( v|l jfdp|wmlrad umlj~rl |df eadel~emõd `l ~ra~ml`f` ulöarmfh( fh mc|fh `l ha v|l u|el`êf ead hf eadupr|eemõd eadupr|eemõd `l aorfu ld hf Lu~föf Gl|`fh$ Ld lupl uldpm`a ul jawmhm{frad eadum`lrfohlu rle|ruau ead lh gmd f`ljæu `l lklrelr |df eafeemõd lgmef{ ~frf mj~adlr ulrwm`|jorlu f aprfu pmlrrfu$ Eaja efua mh|uprfpmwa pldljau lh `l Jfrpêd `l hf _aebf( ld 6<7<( v|míd `luwmõ lh ef|el `lh /rêa `l Ufefof a Ead`armhha Ead`armhha v|l ~fuf ~ar Efdfpf( ~frf rlcfr hfu pmlrrfu `l hf Ebmjof } hf Jfmef( jæu `l 6>> gfdlcf`fu gfdlcf`fu "?=> bfu$-/( ha v|l fglepõ f j|ebfu ~rlufu eadupr|m`fu ld lh ærlf ead e|}au `|löau `l hf _aebf uaup|wa j|ebau k|memau$ ?$6 HACMEF EAHADMFH LD HF FUMCDFEMÕD @L FC\F ^APFOHL ^F_F HF WMHHF @L A_A^LUF LD EAEBFOFJOF$ 6<3= Prfu hf g|d`femõd `l hf Wmhhf `l Ara~luf a Eaebfofjof( hau lu~föahlu ~frf cfrfdpm{fr lh f~raw f~rawmum mumadf adfjm jmldp ldpaa `l fc|f fc|f ~apfo ~apfohl hl f hf d|l d|lwf wf Wmhh Wmhhf( f( ~rael ~rael`ml `mlrad rad f hf rlfum rlfumcdf cdfemõ emõdd } rl`muprmo|emõd `l hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f `l hf e|ldef jf}ar `lh _êa Ead`armhha " rêa _aebf-( `lupmdf`f fh rmlca( g|demadfjmldpa `l jahmdau } fofuplemjmldpa fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f f hf Wmhhf( Wmhhf( jl`mfdpl jl`mfdpl `mu~aumemadlu eaja hfu umc|mldplu; / V|l pa`fu hfu `mebfu fc|fu `l |ua rlulrwf`fu v|l ofkfd } bfd `l ofkfr ~ar lh `meba rêa ~rmdem~fh ead hau jfdfdpmfhl jfdfdpmfhluu v|l b|omlrl b|omlrl bfd `l mr f ufhmr fh Jahmda Jahmda `l Cad{fha Jfrpêd$$$/ Jfrpêd$$$/ /Ld hf w|lhpf `lh rêa `l Ufefof( ~rluf blebf ld lh jldumadf`a rêa v|l ofkf `l `meba wfhhl( `l `ad`l ul hhlwf fc|f f `mebau jahmdau$$$/ "_l~frpmemõd `l Fc|fu `l @æwmhf( 6<=2/$$$Ul bf `l bfelr |df efkf$$$`au plremfu ~frplu `l fc|f pa`f k|dpf } hf jmpf` `l lhhf v|l bf `l ufhmr$$$ul f`k|`mef f `mebf Wmhhf } wlemdau `l lhhf `l `êf } `l daebl ~lrjfdldpljldpl ~frf lh rmlca `l u|u b|lrpfu } l`mgmemau `l u|u efufu/$ Hfu `muprmo|emadlu `l fc|f( eadupmp|êfd _lchfjldpfemadlu lu~leêgmefu `mepf`fu ~ar g|demadfrmau `l hf eahadmf( e|}fu efrfeplrêupmefu ul g|d`fjldpfofd ld hf gfe|hpf` ead hf e|fh lupfofd mdwlupm`fu ~frf garj|hfr rlchfu ~ra~mfu } f|põdajfu f|põdajfu ead ~lrel~emadlu ~lrel~emadlu ~frpme|hfrlu uaorl hf f`jmdmuprfemõd f`jmdmuprfemõd `l |df e|ldef a |d umupljf `l rmlca ~ar |d cr|~a `l |u|frmau$
?5 Lh fofuplemjmldpa fofuplemjmldpa eadpmd|a `l fc|f f hfu ~aohfemadlu( pfdpa ~frf |uau `ajíupmeau eaja ~frf lh rmlca `l b|lrpfu } forlwf`lra `l fdmjfhlu( `lomõ ulr |d eadel~pa `l jfdlka `l hfu fc|fu v|l rlu~ad`êf f |df aprf hõcmef v|l hfu `l hfu eaj|dm`f`lu armcmdfrmfu( armcmdfrmfu( v|l eaja }f `mkmjau jfdpldêf |df |dmõd `lh fc|f f hf pmlrrf ead |df ~rag|d`f rlhmcmaum`f$ Lu fuê v|l lh jfdlka `l fc|f rlu~ad`êf f hf eadeldprfemõd } `lufrrahha `l eldprau ~aohf`au9 v|l `lu`l hf g|d`femõd `l Ea Eaebf ebfof ofjof jof "6<36"6<36- ulrêf ulrêf |df ead eadupf upfdpl dpl ~frf ~frf pa`au pa`au hau ~|l ~|loh ohau au } haefh haefhm` m`f`l f`luu ead ead fuldpfjmldpa `l ~aohf`arlu$ F ~frpmr `l hf rl~frpmemõd `l fc|fu `l Bmdakauf( ul g|d`f lh ~rmjlr umupljf `l fc|f ~apfohl `l Elref`a ld Eaebfofjof( eadgarjf`a ~ar `au Efkfu `l Fc|f( eadupr|m`fu ead efh } ~ml`rf( hfu v|l fhjfeldfofd lh fc|f v|l gh|êf ld garjf eadpmd|f `l wlrpmldplu `lh rêa Ead`armhha$ _lu~lepa f hf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l Ead`|eemõd( lupf eadumupêf `l |d umupljf `l felv|mfu v|l rlearrêfd ~ar hfu ~rmdem~fhlu efhhlu `l hf em|`f`( `l `ad`l hau ~rmjlrau bfompfdplu rleacêfd lh fc|f fc|f(( } bfeê bfeêfd fd |ua |ua `ají ajíupme upmea( a( ful fula ~lru ~lruad adfh fh } forl forlwf wf`l `lra ra99 umup umuplljfu jfu v| v|ll lrfd lrfd eaj~hljldpf`au ead ~a{au `l hfu ef{adfu `l gfjmhmfu lu~föahfu$ Lupl umupljf efkfu `l fc|f } efdfhlu ul jfdp|wa } g|l fj~hmf`a `|rfdpl pa`a lh ~lrma`a eahadmfh( } ul jfdp|wa `|rfdpl hau ~rmjlrau föau `l hf md`l~ld`ldemf `l Oahmwmf$ MMM$ HF L_F @L HF ^_LGLEP\_F LD LH JFDLKA @LH FC\F "62?< *6=<>\D UMCHA ] JL@MA @L E_MUMU ] UAH\EMADLU EA]\DP\_FHLU$ Prfu hf md`l~ld`ldemf `l hf Oahmwmf "62?<- hf em|`f` `l Eaebfofjof blrl`õ( ldprl j|ebau ~raohljfu ~raohljfu `l hf eahadmf( |df eadpmd|f ermumu } `ígmemp `l fc|f ~apfohl `|rfdpl pa`a lh umcha RMR RMR } RR RR99 ~rao ~raohl hljf jfuu v|l v|l prfê prfêfd fd eadu eadumc mcaa lgle lglepa pauu eahf eahfpl plrf rfhl hluu ld ufh| ufh|`( `( bmcm bmcmld ldll } ~rag|d`m{femõd ~rag|d`m{femõd `l hf `mglrldemfemõd `mglrldemfemõd uaemfh `lh umupljf hmolrfh `lh lupf`a jmdlra * plrrfpldmldpl$ Lh caomlrda `l~frpfjldpfh a ^rlglep|rf g|l hf rlu~adufohl `l hf f`jmdmuprfemõd `l lupfu fc|fu ~ar jfu `l 6?< föau( e|}f e|}f uêdplumu uêdplumu ~rluldpfjau ~rluldpfjau f eadpmd|femõd$ eadpmd|femõd$ Hau ~rmjlrau föau `l hf _l~ûohmef$
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Lh umupljf `l fc|f ~apfohl blrl`f`a `l hf eahadmf( eadumupêf ld |d umupljf `l efkfu `l fc|f( felv|mfu `l ha{f( } ~mhlpfu ~ûohmefu( hfu e|fhlu g|lrad ~fremfhjldpl jlkarf`fu( ~lra ld cldlrfh cldlrfh ~rluldpfo ~rluldpfofd fd |d `lplrma `lplrmara ra ld u| mdgrflup mdgrflupr|ep r|ep|rf |rf `l ef~pfemõ ef~pfemõd( d( fhjfel fhjfeldfjm dfjmldp ldpaa } ead`|eemõd( ha e|fh pldêf eaja lglepa |df eadpfjmdfemõd `lh fc|f } ~ír`m`fu ~ar gmhprfemõd9 f lupa ul föf`l lh eadpmd|a ~raohljf `l gfhpf `l `rldfkl } ufdlfjmldpa oæumea `l fhefdpfrmhhf`a fhefdpfrmhhf`a ld hf em|`f`$ Eadprfrmfjldpl( Eadprfrmfjldpl( pa`f hf ~aohfemõd lrf eademldpl `l hf rmv|l{f `l fc|f lmupldpl ld hfu efj~möfu `l hau wfhhlu( ld hau rêau } ear`mhhlrfu ~rõmjfu f hf em|`f`$ Efol rlear`fr( v|l pa`fu hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f "rêau( wlrpmldplu( hfc|dfu( ~rlufu } ~a{au- `lh Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof( eadupmp|êfd ~ra~ml`f` ~rmwf`f ead `lrlebau `l fc|f aparcf`au } rleadaem`au ~ar lh lupf`a eahadmfh } lh lupf`a rl~|ohmefda f hau bfemld`fu( ~|lohau `l md`mau( ebfefrlrau ebfefrlrau } eldprau |rofdau `l hau ~|lohau$ Hau e|fhlu lrfd |pmhm{f`au |pmhm{f`au ld rmlca( fc|f ~apfohl( ~apfohl( md`|uprmf } forlwf`lrau( forlwf`lrau( `l fe|lr`a f hmupfu `l `muprmo|emõd } rlchfjldpau `l |ua `l fc|f$ ^ar aprf ~frpl( lh ~raohljf `l hf lueful{ `l fc|f ~apfohl ld hf em|`f` `l Eaebfofjof( um omld eadpfof ead ~ra~|lupfu `l uah|emõd( lupfu da g|lrad lkle|pf`fu ld u| efofhm`f` `lom`a f hf gfhpf `l mdeldpmwa `lh Lupf`a jmdlra * gl|`fh( v|l da f~a}fof lh `lufrrahha `l hf rlcmõd$ U| f~a}a f hf uah|emõd `lh ~raohljf `lh fc|f ul hmjmpõ ld gfemhmpfr lj~ríupmpau `l hf ofdef ~ûohmef eaja ~rmwf`f( hf e|fh lrf e|omlrpf e|omlrpf ead mdcrluau `l hau mj~|lupau mj~|lupau f hf ebmebf( mdupfhfemõd ufdmpfrmf } `l fc|f ~apfohl$ Grldpl f lupf gfhpf `l f~a}a lupfpfh( hfu ~rmdem~fhlu gfjmhmfu plrrfpldmldplu( da lklreêfd jf}ar ~rlumõd f hau caomlrdau `l p|rdau( `lom`a f v|l lh ~raohljf `l fofuplemjmldpa fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f lhhau rljl`mfofd rljl`mfofd jl`mfdpl jl`mfdpl u|u umupljfu umupljfu ~rmwf`au `l wlrpmldplu ld u|u `ajmemhmau a ld u|u efj~möfu$ Hf crfd ulv|êf } ~lupl `l 62<3 } 6233 *623= Bfupf fdplu `l 62<3( Eaebfofjof ul fofupleêf `l 7 ~mhlpfu ~ûohmefu( e|}f ef~fem`f` `l aglrpf `l fc|f( `l fe|lr`a f Jfmlruim( lrf `l 65< hmprau ~ar jmd|pa( hf e|fh `muprmo|m`f ldprl hau ?>$>>> bfompfdplu lmupldplu ( fhefd{fof f < hmprau ~ar ~lruadf ld ?0 barfu$ Lupl ulrwmema `l
?< fc|f( f efrca `l |d K|l{ `l Fc|fu( u|grêf ~ír`m`fu `l fc|f } eadpfjmdfemõd `l hfu jmujfu( `lom`a fh `lplrmara `l hf mdgrflupr|ep|rf } ~rlumõd `l hf ~aohfemõd ~ar fofuplelrul `l fc|f `l hfu ~mhfu ~ûohmefu( ld hfrcfu } ~ldaufu gmhfu `l fc|f$ Lupl umupljf ~rlefrma eahf~uõ ld 62<3( e|fd`a ul ~ra~fcõ ~ar hf em|`f` |df gmlorl pmgam`lf( hf e|fh ul lpld`mõ h|lca ld hfu ~rawmdemfu `l V|mhhfeahha( V|mhhfeahha( Pf~fefrê( Um~l Um~l( F}a~f}f } aprfu jfu( `lkfd`a eaja ule|lhf eldpldfrlu `l `lg|demadlu ld hf em|`f` } jmhlu ld lh efj~a$ Lh gaea `l mdgleemõd } ~ra~fcfemõd g|l hfu fc|fu ulrwm`f` `l hf em|`f` `l Eaebfofjof$ Hf grfcmhm`f` } rmluca `lh umupljf `l fc|f ~apfohl( d|lwfjldpl ul wma fglepf`a ead hf crfd ulv|êf( bfjor|df } pmg|u v|l ul wmwmõ ldprl 6233 } 623=$ Gldõjlda v|l cldlrõ d|lwfjldpl emldpau `l j|lrpau } jmulrmf9 fuê eaja lh emlrrl `l wfrmau ~mhlpfu ~ar gfhpf `l fc|f `l hfu ~rmdem~fhlu ~rmdem~fhlu g|ldplu$ g|ldplu$ ^ra`|epa `l lupfu l~lrmldemfu( pfdpa hf ^rlglep|rf( Fhefh`êf } ~aohfemõd ld cldlrfh pajfrad eademldemf eademldemf `l hf |rcldpl dlelum`f` dlelum`f` `l o|uefr d|lwfu g|ldplu `l fc|f } jlkarfr lh ulrwmema `l fhefdpfrmhhf`a v|l hlu cfrfdpmel jf}ar bmcmldl } ufh|orm`f`$ Fhc|dau `l lupau mdpldpau g|lrad; Lh ~ra}lepa `l hf Hfc|df Ufd K|fd( |d ~rmjlr grfefua( 623= Prfu hf eadgarjfemõd `l |df uaeml`f` fcrêeahf fcrêeahf eajlremfh( ead mdwlrumõd ~rmwf`f( ul mdmemõd hf eadupr|eemõd eadupr|eemõd `l |d `mv|l `l 7> jlprau `l hfrca } 60 jlprau `l fhp|rf ~frf ljofhufr fc|fu ld hf Ear`mhhlrf `lh P|dfrm9 f`ljæu `l |d p|dlh `l 5>> jlprau `l hfrca$ Lh |ua `l hfu fc|fu f ef~pfr pldêf eaja `lupmda f rmlca } eadu|ja |rofda$ ^ar gfhpf `l ef~mpfh hf aorf v|l`a mdeadeh|uf$ Mdmema `l lup|`mau píedmeau( 6225 Ul eadgarjf |df /eajmumõd `l hau dapfohlu/( hf e|fh eadk|dpfjldpl hf Fhefh`êf( lupmj|hfd lup|`m lup|`mau au píedm píedmeau eau$$ Wmíd` Wmíd`aul aul hf ~aumo ~aumomh mhm` m`f` f` `l ef~pf ef~pfrr prlu prlu ~aumo ~aumohl hluu wlrpm wlrpmld ldpl pluu Pmrf Pmrfdm( dm( Ebfefeahha } Fraefc|f$ Umd ljofrca ul md`mefof v|l /ld e|fdpa fh fc|f( da efol `|`f v|l lhhf lmupl `l j|} o|ldf efhm`f` } ld hf ~ra~aremõd v|l ul v|mlrf( ~lra umld`a `l ~ra~ml`f`
?7 ~frpme|hfr( ~frpme|hfr( lu dlelufrma ~rlwmfjldpl ~rlwmfjldpl l~ra~mfrhf ead pa`au hau præjmplu præjmplu `l hl}/ $ Hfu g|ldplu lhlcm`fu g|lrad hfu wlrpmldplu `l Fraefc|f ead ef~fem`f` `l 7$< h!u ( hfu v|l eadk|dpfjldpl lh umupljf `l ~mhfu fhefd{fof f |df ~ra`|eemõd dlpf `l 6= hmprau ~ar ~lruadf( fhefd{fd`a hf ~l`rf`fu ~ar ead`|eemõd ead`|eemõd fh <>, `lh fc|f ef~pf`f$ 62=7 Mdf|c|rf lh ulrwmema `l Fc|f ^apfohl ld Eaebfofjof$ Prfu hf l~ra~mfemõd `l hfu wlrpmldplu `l Fraefc|f( ead |d eaupa `l ?0$>>> Ou$( lh caomlrda `l Fr{l prfdugmrmõ hfu wlrpmldplu f gfwar `l hf Fhefh`êf } `l hf ^rlglep|rf$$ Ul ~ra~|ua pfjomíd |d jlkarfjmldpa ld hf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l ef~pfemõd( ead`|eemõd } `muprmo|emõd( ~frf ha e|fh `lupmdõ 0$>>> Ou$ ^frf hf eadupr|eemõd `l efdfhlu `l efh } ~ml`rf( efölrêf `l bmlrra } fugfhpa Ul lupmjõ |df aglrpf `l fc|f `l 6< h!u `fd`a 3> hmprau ~ar bfompfdpl9 ~lra ld rlfhm`f` hhlcõ f 7$< h!u( ead ha e|fh ul hhlcõ f ~rawllr ead 6= hmprau ~ar ef`f bfompfdpl( ha u|gmemldpl ~frf jfdpldlr 6? ~mhfu ~ûohmefu ead |d ljmumõd `l |d hmpra ~ar ulc|d`a `|rfdpl 6? barfu `mfrmfu$ Lh eæhe|ha `l eadu|ja `l fc|f ul lupmjfof ld 6= hmprau ~ar bfompfdpl( `lom`a f v|l ef`f `ajmemhma eadpfof ead fc|f u|oplrrædlfu `l ~a{au frplumfdau$ ^raohljfu `l mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l ead`|eemõd$ Hau ~raohljfu ld hf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l ef~pfemõd( ead`|eemõd } `muprmo|emõd lrfd eadpmd|au( }f v|l ~ar lh pm~a `l jfplrmfh |pmhm{f`a lupf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `|rfof j|} ~aea( ^ar lklj~ha( lh pmlj~a `l `|rfemõd `l hfu efölrêfu da hhlcfofd f 6< föau( } ul `leêf ld 6=66; / ~frf ead`|emr hfu fc|fu `l Fraefc|f f hfu ~mhlpfu ~ûohmefu( jl`mfdpl efölrêfu `l ~haja( lupfofd ld r|mdfu } ul rleadaeêfd v|l ~frpl `lh fc|f eadu|jm`f ~rawldêf da `l hf rl` ( umda `l u|u fo|d`fdplu gmhprfemadlu } ~ar pfdpa lupfofd eadpfjmdf`fu /
?3 Ld 6=62 } 6=6= lh ulrwmema `l fc|f ~apfohl lrf mdu|gmemldpl( hfu v|lkfu `l hf ~aohfemõd lrfd `|rfu f hf f`jmdmuprfemõd( eaja ul wl ld |d frpêe|ha `lh Blrfh`a `l 6=62 /Bljau w|lhpa f hau pmlj~au `lh eahadmfkl( e|fd`a hfu fc|fu earrêfd ~ar d|luprfu efhhlu( ~ar felv|mfu dfp|rfhlu( `ad`l hfu j|klrlu oföfofd f u|u ermfp|rfu } hfofofd u|u ~föfhlu } ra~fu u|emfu/ /Ead lh prfdue|rua `l hau pmlj~au( hfu g|ldplu ul ulefrad } lh fc|f ul bm{a pfd luefuf( v|l f~ldfu ul jfdpldêfd |dfu e|fdpfu ~mhlpfu u|rpm`fu ead wfh`lu/ Hf gfhpf `l uah|emõd píedmef ul wlbêf ld hf ef~fem`f` f`jmdmuprfpmwf `l hf ^rlglep|rf( } u|rcêfd waelu v|l ~l`êfd `lueldprfhm{fr `l jfdau `lh Lupf`a lh ulrwmema `l fc|f ~apfohl fhefdpfrmhhf`a f jfdau `l hf B$ Fhefh`êf$ /Um lh K|l{ `l Fc|fu lu |d lj~hlf`a mdûpmh v|l da hhldf hfu g|demadlu v|l ul hl bfd ldeajld`f`a9 um hf ^rlglep|rf da pmldl wah|dpf` dm lhljldpau ~frf fpld`lr lupl ulrwmea9 ulræ dlelufrma efjomfr `l umupljf( hhfjfd`a hf fpldemõd `l hau rl~rluldpfdplu rl~rluldpfdplu `lh @l~frlpfjldpa @l~frlpfjldpa ~frf v|l fe|lr`ld fe|lr`ld lh jl`ma `l rl~frfr lh jfh( jfh( v|l( ld d|lupra d|lupra eadel~pa da ~|l`l ulr ulr apra v|l ldprlcfr fh badarfohl Eadelka J|dmem~fh( ha v|l ~ar `lrleba dfp|rfh hl earrlu~ad`l( lu `lemr( hf f`jmdmuprfemõd( eadulrwfemõd } klkarf `lh ulrwmea `l fc|fu( fumcdfd`a |d gad`a u|gmemldpl `lh pluara dfemadfh a `l~frpfjldpfh ~frf v|l ~|l`f lkle|pfrul lupl ulrwmema umd `mgme|hpf` fhc|df/$ Ld lh gad`a ul wlêf ~apldemfr hf eaj|df ead lh mj~|lupa fh fc|f } fh ulrwmema ufdmpfrma( ha e|fh ul eadum`lrfof v|l ~a`êf pldlr |df jf}ar |pmhm`f` ld |ua papfh `l hau rle|ruau rlef|`f`au( } `l lupf jfdlrf pldlr jf}ar eadprah } `lemumõd `ljaeræpmef `ljaeræpmef `lh |ua `l hau gad`au rlef|`f`au hau e|fhlu f|jldpfd f ~frpmr `l 6=?5 `lom`a f hf mdupfhfemõd `l fc|f ~apfohl `ajmemh `ajmemhmfrmf$ mfrmf$ 6=?7 ^lrgarfemõd `l ^a{au ~ar lh Eajmpí ~ra ef~pfemõd `l Fc|fu } ^fwmjldpfemõd `l Eaebfofjof$ Grldpl f hf mdu|gmemldemf `l fc|f ~apfohl `lom`a fh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd "5>>$>>>-( lh caomlrda erlf lh Eajmpí ^ra Ef~pfemõd `l Fc|fu } ^fwmjldpa( jl`mfdpl Hl} `lh ?= `l Dawmljorl Dawmljorl `l 6=?5$ Lupl eajmpí eadgmrjf hf lmupldemf lmupldemf `l 75= eadelumadlu `l fc|f ~apfohl "mdupfhfemadlu `ajmemhmfrmfu- } 0>3 efufu ead mdupfhfemõd `l fhefdpfrmhhf`a$
?2
Ld 6=?<( lh Eajmpí ^ra Ef~pfemõd `l Fc|fu( mj~|huf hf ~lrgarfemõd `l 6= ~a{au `l fc|f ld Fraefc|f( ead |df ~rag|d`m`f` `l 6> jlprau ul efhe|hf aopldr 7> h!u eadpmd|au( lh rlu|hpf`a eadeh|m`f hfu aorfu hhlcõ f 55 h!u$ Umd ljofrca( lupau `fpau uad mrrlfhlu `lom`a f v|l f ha j|eba ul fhefd{õ jfdpldlr hau 6= hmprau `êf ~ar ~lruadf$ Ha e|fh mj~hmefof v|l hau ~a{au fhefd{frad fhefd{frad |df ~ra`|eemõd `mfrmf `l ?$6 h!u( umld`a u| f~arpl `l |df plrelrf ~frpl `lh papfh `lh fc|f ef~pf`f$ Lh ~ra}l ~ra}lepa epa ead eadpl plj~ j~hõ hõ f`ljæu f`ljæu lh efjo efjoma ma `l efölr efölrêf êfu( u( ead eadupr upr|ee |eemõd mõd `l ? pfdv| pfdv|lu lu `l fhjfeldfjmldpa( } ?3>> d|lwfu mdupfhfemadlu$ Lupfu aorfu ul rlfhm{fd jl`mfdpl lj~ríupmpa `l 6$>>>$>>> Ou$ Eajmpí ^ra*Eaebfofjof } hf Eadupr|eemõd `l ? Cfhlrêfu Gmhprfdplu$ Ld 6=5> ul erlf lh Eajmpí ^ra*Eaebfofjof( v|mldlu rlehfjfd `lh Caomlrda |df jf}ar fpldemõd fh ~raohljf `lh fc|f ~apfohl( fdapfd`a v|l lh ef|`fh v|l rlemoêf hf em|`f` f~ldfu fhefd{f f 76$?>> hmprau( v|l ul eadu|jld ld 0 barfu$$$rlehfjæd`aul barfu$$$rlehfjæd`aul ~ar hf rlmdmemfemõd rlmdmemfemõd `l hau lup|`mau } ~arv|l ul `mlrf e|rua f hf l~ra~mfemõd `l hfu fc|fu `l /hf efdfhlpf `l Fraefc|f/$ ^fuf`f hf c|lrrf `lh Ebfea( ofka mdmemfpmwf `l hf ^rlglep|rf `lh @l~frpfjldpa ul hacrf |d d|lwa lj~ríupmpa `l 67$>>>$>>> `l Ou$ @l hau e|fhlu ?>>$>>> Ou$ Uad `lupmdf`au f hf eadupr|eemõd `l `au cfhlrêfu gmhprfdplu$ Ld 6=53 ul eadupr|}l hf ~rmjlrf cfhlrêf gmhprfdpl ld hf v|lorf`f `l Sfrf Sfrf * Eb|dcfrf( `l ?0 jpu$ @l hadcmp|` } |df ~rag|d`m`f` `l = jlprau$ Hf ulc|d`f cfhlrêf ul eadupr|}õ ld hf {adf `l Pmpmrfdm$ Hfjldpfohljldpl( da eadpfjau ead `fpau lfepau uaorl u| ~ra`|eemõd$ ^lra ul ~|l`l hfd{fr hf bm~õplumu( v|l íupf aglrpfof f ha j|eba ?$6 h!u$ Ead lhha hf ~aohfemõd `l Elref`a "5<$>>> bfompfdplu- hhlcfof f pldlr ?> hmprau ~ar ~lruadf fh `êf$ 6=05 L~ra~mfemõd `l hfu Fc|fu `l Ebf~mumref$
?= Ofka ~rlumõd ~ar hf ermumu `l `ljfd`f `l fc|f( ld 6=05 ul ~rael`l f hf l~ra~mfemõd `l |d umupljf `l rmlca `l hfc|df hhfjf`a Ebf~mumref lh e|fh eaj~rld`êf hfu hfc|dfu Luefhlrfdm } Para Para( |omef`a ld hf Ear`mhhlrf Ear`mhhlrf `lh P|dfrm( `l ~ra~ml`f` `l hau blrl`lrau `lh @r$ @fdmlh Ufh Ufhfjfd fjfdef ef$$ Lh eaup eaupaa `l l~ra ~ra~m ~mfe femõ mõdd g|l g|l `l Ou$ Ou$ 03 03$> $>>> >>(( ead ead |d |dff ef~f ef~fem em`f `f`` `l fhjfeldfjmldpa `l 6 jmhhõd `l jlprau eûomeau$ Lh umupljf `l Ebf~mumref eaj~rld`êf hfu hfc|dfu `l Parahfc|df( Parahfc|df( Luefhlrfdm } aprfu jldarlu( ead hfu v|l hf em|`f` ~a`êf ulr fofuplem`f fofuplem`f ld plj~arf`f plj~arf`f `l hh|wmfu$ hh|wmfu$ Umd ljofrca( ljofrca( hf ~rawmumõd `l fc|f ~frf lh pmlj~a `l lupmfkl lrf rlu|lhpf jl`mfdpl lh |ua `l fc|fu `l aprau umupljfu `l rmlca `l hfc|fdf( |omef`au ld hf Ear`mhhlrf `lh P|dfrm( ld Pmv|m~f}f9 lu fuê v|l jl`mfdpl eadwldmau( eadwldmau( fe|lr`au a |ua `mrlepa ul |pmhm{fof hfu fc|fu `l hfu hfc|dfu Ufd K|fd( Sfrf Sfrf( Ufmp| Eaebf } Hfc|j Jf}|$ Ld 6=02( ul hacrõ |d ~ríupfja `l ? jmhhadlu jmhhadlu `l oahmwmfdau( ead lh gmd `l jlkarfr hau prfofkau `l ef~pfemõd ld hf hfc|df Ebf~mumref( f prfwíu `l prfuwful `l hfu hfc|dfu `l Eb|ulv|lrm( ha e|fh ~aumomhmpfrêf fj~hmfr lh fhjfeldfjmldpa `l fc|f `l 6 jmhhõd `l jlprau eûomeau f 5 jmhhadlu$
Uêdplumu `l hf lrf ~rlglep|rfh `lh jfdlka `l hfu fc|fu$ ^a`ljau `lemr v|l hf f`jmdmuprfemõd `lh Caomlrda @l~frpfjldpfh `lh fc|f ~apfohl( ld 6?< föau p|wa lh umc|mldpl fhefdel; Aglrpf `l fc|f ~apfohl dlpf `l g|ldplu `l fc|f "62?< * 6=<>Efol rlufhpfr v|l hfu mdupfhfemadlu `ajmemhmfrlu fhefd{fofd uaha fh <6, `l hf ~aohfemõd( lh rlupa ul fofupleêf jl`mfdpl ~mhlpfu ~ûohmefu } ~a{au `ajmemhmfrmau$
5> Ld pard pardaa f hau hau pm~a pm~auu `l eadg eadghm hmep epau au lmu lmupl pldp dplu lu ~ar ~ar lh feel feelua ua f fc|f fc|f(( hf ^rlg ^rlgle lep| p|rf rf `l Eaebfofjof Eaebfofjof rlu~lpõ ld pa`a jajldpa hf ~ra~ml`f` ~rmwf`f `l hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f |pmhm{f`fu ld rmlca } eadu|ja b|jfda `l aprfu haefhm`f`lu ~rõmjfu f hf em|`f`$ Ld dmdcûd jajldpa `lu~akõ a rl`muprmo|}õ hau `lrlebau `l fc|f `l hfu g|ldplu `lh Wfhhl Eldprfh9 lhha `lom`a f v|l hfu ~rmdem~fhlu f|parm`f`lu `l hf ^rlglep|rf lrfd plrrfpldmldplu( } da ul f|pa*`lu~akfrêfd `l u|u ~ra~mau rle|ruau v|l jfdpldêfd ld efhm`f` `l ~ra~ml`f` ~rmwf`f aparcf`f ~ar hf Hl} `l Fc|fu `l 6=>7$ Ld lupl uldpm`a( umo ld ul l~ra~mfrad 6 umupljf `l wlrpmldpl "Fraefc|f- } 6 umupljf `l hfc|df "Ebf~mumrif-( lupl lup|wa mdplrjl`mf`a ~ar |d frrlcha leadõjmea ead u|u ~ra~mlpfrmau$ Ld e|fdpa fh mj~fepa `l `mebfu l~ra~mfemadlu( ~frf lh efua `l Fraefc|f da pldljau jf}arlu rlglrldemfu9 ~lra ld lh efua `l Ebf~mumrif( hf gfjmhmf Ufhfjfdef ~|`a `lem`mr hf wldpf `l u| hfc|df( ~|lupa v|l lupf lrf `l ~ra~ml`f` leh|umwf$ Ld lh efua `l hau aprau umupljfu `l rmlca |pmhm{f`au eaja rlg|lr{a "Sfrf Sfrf( Ufd K|fd( Uf}p#| Eaebf } Hfc|j Jf}|-( lupfu g|ldplu `l fc|f pldêfd |d crfd dûjlra `l ~ra~mlpfrmau eaj~|lupau ~ar bfeld`f`au( ~mv|lrau( frrmjfdplu( armcmdfrmau9 lpe( e|}au `lrlebau lrfd mdu|gmemldplu ~frf e|ormr |d rmlca a~pmja `l u|u ~frelhfu$ Fumjmuja( ef`f |da `l lupau umupljfu `l rmlca eadpfof ead `lrlebau `l fc|f gmkau( arcfdm{femõd ~ra~mf rlu~adufohl `l hf a~lrfemõd( `muprmo|emõd( jfdpldmjmldpa } jlkarfr `l hf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l rmlca jl`mfdpl mdwlrumõd ~lrmõ`mefu `l prfofka } ef~mpfh$ Umd ljofrca( hf ^rlglep|rf hacrõ ldpfohfr |df rlhfemõd `l fe|lr`au uahm`frmau( ld lh |ua `l ~frpl `lh ef|`fh a ~frpl `lh dûjlra `l hfrcfu9 hf rlchf eadumupêf eadumupêf ld hf uahmemp|` uahmemp|` garjfh ~ar ~frpl `l hf ^rlglep|rf f hfu arcfdm{femadlu arcfdm{femadlu `l rlcfdplu ~frf lh |ua `l fc|fu ld ~lrma`au erêpmeau( lh eaj~rajmua fh rlu~lpa `lh `lrleba ~ra~mlpfrma "|uau } eaup|jorlu-$ Ld eadeh|umõd( hf ~ahêpmef `l hfu f|parm`f`lu `l hf ^rlglep|rf "lhmpl plrrfpldmldplu- ~frf feel`lr f d|lwfu g|ldplu `l fc|f( ul ofufof ld eadupr|mr d|lwau umupljfu ld u| ~ra~ma plrrmparma "Elref`a-( ofka eaduldua } ~lru|fumõd eaj~rõ `au g|ldplu `l rmlca( } o|ueõ |df
56 rlhfemõd `l f~a}a uahm`frma ead aprau umupljfu ld efuau `l ljlrcldemf$ Lhha ~aumomhmpõ uah|emadlu ~fremfhlu } ea}|dp|rfhlu f hf eadpmd|f } fdc|upmfdpl ermumu `l fc|f$ MW$ HF L_F J\DMEM^FH LD LH JFDLKA @LH FC\F "6=<> * 6=73BFEMF \D LDGAV\L PLEDAE_FPMEA ] _L@\EEMADMUPF$ Prfu ~rlumadlu `l hf ~aohfemõd |rofdf ~ar hf eadpmd|f ermumu `l fc|f( ul m`ldpmgmeõ eaja rlu~a rlu~aduf dufoh ohll `l hf /`l /`lulu ulu~lr ~lrfdp fdplu/ lu/ } /fhfrj /fhfrjfdp fdpl/ l/ ump|fe ump|femõ mõdd f hf mdef mdef~fe ~fem`f m`f`` píedm píedmef ef } `l~ld`ldemf `l~ld`ldemf ~ahêpmef `l ^rlglep|rf( hf e|fh da ~rlumadfof fh Caomlrda Caomlrda Eldprfh ~frf eadulc|mr gad`au `lh Pluara Dfemadfh } ldefrfr aorfu `l ljlrcldemf ~frf hf ef~pfemõd( fhjfeldfjmldpa } `muprmo|emõd `l fc|f ~apfohl$ Grldpl f lupfu ~rlumadlu lh Caomlrda Eldprfh ul wma aohmcf`a aohmcf`a f prfduglrmr lh ulrwmema `l fc|f ~apfohl } ufdlfjmldpa f hf J|dmem~fhm`f` `l Elref`a$ Lupf `lueldprfhm{femõd `l hau ulrwmemau( ~|`a ulr ~aumohl crfemfu f hau efjomau lupr|ep|rfhlu `l rlgarjfu } `lrr|jol `lh Lupf`a Hmolrfh `l hf lhmpl jmdlra *gl|`fh( e|}f ermumu f ~frpmr `l 6=57 } ~auplrmar b|d`mjmldpa ead hf rlwah|emõd `l 6=( ~lrjmpmlrad eadupr|mr |d Lupf`a @lja @l jaeræ eræpm pmea( ea( v|l garpm garpmgme gmeõõ hf `luel `lueldp dprfh rfhm{f m{femõ emõdd } `luea `lueadel deldpr dprfem femõd õd `l ulrwm ulrwmema emauu f hau hau J|dmem~mau$ Ld lh efua `lh fc|f( lupf rlu~adufomhm`f` fofrefof hf oûuv|l`f `l d|lwfu g|ldplu `l fc|f ( aoplde aopldemõ mõdd `l gmdfde gmdfdemfj mfjml mldpa dpa `l hf eaa eaa~l ~lrfe rfemõ mõdd mdpl mdplrdf rdfema emadfh dfh(( eao eaora ra pfrm pfrmgfu gfu `l fc|f fc|f } ufdlfjmldpa( a~lrfemõd `l mdgrflupr|ep|rf ~frf ef~pfemõd( fhjfeldfjmldpa( `muprmo|emõd } jfdpldmjmldpa `l mdgrflupr|ep|rf `lh ulrwmema `l fc|f ~apfohl } ufdlfjmldpa$ Ld hau 63 föau v|l `|rõ hf clupmõd j|dmem~fh `lh fc|f ~apfohl ul mj~hljldpfrad `au ~ra}lepau mj~arpfdp mj~arpfdplu lu v|l uad; Aglrpf `l fc|f ~apfohl dlpf `l g|ldplu `l fc|f "6=<> * 6=73Lupfu aorfu g|lrad gmdfdemf`fu ead hf rleahleemõd `l eaora `l pfrmgfu `l fc|f( e|}a jadpa papfh fhefd{õ f Uo$ 63$3>>$ Ul aoulrwf pfjomíd pfjomíd v|l lh @l~frpfjldpa @l~frpfjldpa `l Fc|fu `l hf Fhefh`êf
5? rlpajf eaja ~ra~|lupf ~ahêpmef `l fofuplemjmldpa fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f ~apfohl lh |ua fc|fu u|oplrrædlfu jl`mfdpl hf eadupr|eemõd `l ~a{au$ Ul f`wmlrpl pfjomíd v|l hau píedmeau `lh j|dmem~ma ~hfdplfd ~hfdplfd |df ~ahêpmef `l l~fdumõd `l u|u g|ldplu u|~lrgmemfhlu u|~lrgmemfhlu f eaupf `l hf l~ra~mfemõd l~ra~mfemõd `l umupljfu `l rmlca$ F ~frpmr `l 6=76( lh @l~frpfjldpa `l Fc|fu pajfrêf |d ldgav|l pledaeræpmea eaja ~ahêpmef `l uah|emõd `l hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f( eadumupldpl ld pajfr ha gfepmohl( wmfohl l mdjl`mfpa( umd ~rlwlr lh mj~fepa mj~fepa uaemfh v|l ~a`rêf pldlr lh jmuja( lupa eaj~raofjau eaj~raofjau ld hau `au ~ra}lepau ~ra}lepau v|l `lgmdm `lgmdmlr lrad ad hf erlfem erlfemõd õd `lh `lh Ulrwm Ulrwmema ema J|dme J|dmem~f m~fhh `l Fc Fc|f |f ^apf ^apfoh ohll } Fhefd Fhefdpf pfrmh rmhhf hf`a `a "ULJF^F-( gr|pa `l hf ead`memadfdpl `lh OM@ ~frf u| gmdfdemfjmldpa$ ^rmjlr Lup|`ma$ Lup|`ma Uffwl`rf * f Jarrõd ^rluf `l Luefhlrfdm( eaupr|eemõd `l 5 ~rlufu$ Fj~hmfr ef~fem`f` f <$=5>$>>> j5 ^rluf Sfrf Sfrf$ Fj~hmfr ef~fem`f` f 6$<53$<2> j5 Ulc| Ulc|d`a d`a Lup|`m Lup|`maa `l ~a{ ~a{au au ^a{au ^a{au ~rag|d ~rag|d`a `auu ld V| V|mh mhhf hfeah eahha ha 6< j5 `êf `êf "?07$= "?07$=63 63 |u$ |u$ FjlrmefdauLh ~rmjlr lup|`ma( rlpajf eaja oful `l ef~pfemõd `l d|lwfu g|ldplu hf l~ra~mfemõd `l hfc|dfu `l rmlca "Sfrf Sfrf-$ Fumjmuja( ofuf`a ld l~lrmldemfu `l aprau ~fêulu ul ~hfdplf ld lh ulc|d`a lup|`ma |d ~ra}lepa `l ef~pfemõd `l fc|fu u|oplrrædlfu jl`mfdpl ~a{au f ~lrgarfrul f 6? Ij$ `l Elref`a "V|mhhfeahha-( "V|mhhfeahha-( e|}a eaupa ld u| mdplcrm`f` ulrêf e|omlrpa ead gmdfdemfjmldpa `l erí`mpa mdplrdfemadfh l~rluf`a ld `õhfrlu$ Lu ld lupl lu~fema( v|l lh OM@ eaja gmdfdemf`ar `lh erí`mpa mj~|hua hf erlfemõd `l ULJF^F( eaja ead`memadfdpl f hf aparcfemõd `lh gmdfdemfjmldpa$ O|uefd`a ead lhha hf erlfemõd `l |df mdupmp|emõd lu~lemfhm{f`f } ~ragmadfhm{f`f } píedmef ~frf hf clupmõd `lh fc|f ~apfohl } fhefdpfrmhhf`a$ fhefdpfrmhhf`a$ Lh rah `lh Lupf`a ld lupau 63 föau( /omld crfemfu/ ~arv|l d|lwfjldpl da mdwmrpmõ `l gad`au `lh Pluara Dfemadfh( ld hf rluah|emõd `l hf ~raohljæpmef `l fc|f `l Eaebfofjof Lh d|lwa ldgav|l `l f`jmdmuprfemõd v|l ul mj~|hufof `lu`l hf Fhefh`êf `l Elref`a( da pajfof ld e|ldpf hf ump|femõd wmcldpl ld lh |ua } `ljfd`f `l d|lwfu g|ldplu `l fc|f ~frf hau
55 j|dmem~mau } eaj|dm`f`lu `lh Wfhhl Eldprfh( hfu e|fhlu `lom`a fh erlemjmldpa `ljacrægmea( `ljf `ljfd`f d`f jf}ar jf}ar efdpm efdpm`f` `f` `l fc|f fc|f ~frf ~frf ead eadu|j u|jaa b|jfda b|jfda(( ~frf ~frf hau hau d|l d|lwau wau ~ra`|e ~ra`|epa pauu fcra~le|frmau( ~frf mdpldumgmefr `l hf ~ra`|eemõd( mj~|hufr lh erlemjmldpa md`|uprmfh( lpe$9 cldlrfd`a |df ~rlumõd ~frf fj~hmfr u|u g|ldplu `l fc|fu( eadupr|mr d|lwfu g|ldplu `l ef~pfemõd `l fc|f u|~lrgmemfh } u|oplrrædlf$ Lupf f~fpêf } ldgav|l `l ~hfdmgmefemõd jmera( jmera( v|l `lueadael hf ump|femõd `l ermumu `l fc|f ld hf _lcmõd( cldlrõ |d erlemjmldpa pledaeræpmea ld hf Fhefh`êf ~frf uah|emadfr lh ~raohljf `l lueful{ `l fc|f uaha ~frf Elref`a9 umld`a hf blrldemf aparcf`f f ULJF^F( } ead lhha lh mdmema `l |d Eadghmepa `l Eadgradpfemõd } Wmahldemf ~ar hf `lglduf } feelua f hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f u|~lrgmemfh } u|oplrrædlf v|l `|rfrêf jfu `l 5> föau ead ~aumomhm`f` `l fc|`m{frul lh ~raohljf `|rfdpl `|rfdpl lh Umcha RRM( um lu v|l da ul `f |d efjoma `l fepmp|` } ldgav|l bfemf |df ~hfdmgmefemõd ~hfdmgmefemõd rlcmadfh rlcmadfh `lh fc|f fc|f ld lh Wfhhl Wfhhl Eldprfh Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof Eaebfofjof } Ufefof$ MW$ HF L_F ULJF^F LD LH JFDLKA @LH FC\F "6=73 * 6===LDGAV LDGAV\L \L PLEDAE PLEDAE_FP _FPMEA MEA ] _L@\EE _L@\EEMAD MADMUPF MUPF @L ^HFDMG ^HFDMGMEF MEFEMÕ EMÕD D @L HAU _LE\_UAU BÊ@_MEAU$ Erlf`f ULJF^F eaja mdupmp|emõd ja`lrdf } píedmef ~frf hf rluah|emõd } f`jmdmuprfemõd `lh fc|f ~apfohl } fhefdpfrmhhf`a f hf em|`f` `l Eaebfofjof( ul forld d|lwfu ~|lrpfu `l amcldfemõd gmdfdemlrf lplrdfu ~frf lkle|pfr lup|`mau( ~hfdlu } ~ra}lepau `l ef~pfemõd( fhjfeldfjmldpa( fhjfeldfjmldpa( `muprmo|emõd `muprmo|emõd } ufdlfjmldpa ufdlfjmldpa oæumea ld Elref`a9 pa`a lhha ld eamdem`ldemf `l hf f~lrp|rf leadõjmef j|d`mfh f ~frpmr `l hau föau 3>#u$ Umd ljofrca( f jm k|mema( hf gfhhf `l ULJF^F eadumupmõ ld hf dlchmcldemf `l mj~|hufr lup|`mau ulrmau uaorl hf ump|femõd `lh fc|f ld hf _lcmõd `lh Wfhhl `l Ufefof( Elref`a } Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof( e|}fu g|ldplu ul ldeadprfofd mdplreadlepf`fu ld hf e|ldef `lh rêa _aebf$ Lupl `lue|m`a mj~aumomhmpõ f ULJF^F eadpfr ead ^ahêpmefu } Luprfplcmfu f earpa( jl`mfda } hfrca ~hf{a ~frf hf uah|emõd eaduldu|f`f( `l hf lueful{ `l fc|f ~apfohl ld Eaebfofjof( lupl fu~lepa `lufrrahhfrljau ld lh umc|mldpl feæ~mpl$
50 Ld ~rmdem~ma( ULJF^F blrl`õ `l hf Fhefh`êf `l Elref`a emdea g|ldplu ~rmdem~fhlu `l ef~pfemõd ead |df ef~fem`f` `l aglrpf `l fc|f `l 6<< h!u ( `lupmdf`au fh fofuplemjmldpa `l 60>$>>> bfompfdplu( efdpm`f` `l fc|f ~ar `ljæu mdu|gmemldpl( ha e|fh ul fcrfwfof ead hfu ~íumjfu ead`memadlu `l mdgrflupr|ep|rf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l fhjfeldfjmldpa fhjfeldfjmldpa(( prfpfjmldpa prfpfjmldpa `l fc|fu( } umupljf `l `muprmo|emõd v|l hl armcmdfofd ~ír`m`fu `l fc|f ld lh ar`ld `lh <>, `lh ef|`fh( `fd`a h|cfr f v|l uaha lh <> , `l hf ~aohfemõd e|ldpl ead lupl hêv|m`a lhljldpa( |df uêdplumu `l lupa wljau ld lh e|f`ra 0 Lupf`a ump|femadfh `l ULJF^F ld 6=3> Lupf ump|femõd `l fc|`f lueful{( mj~|hua f ULJF^F f rlpajfr eaj~rajmuau fu|jm`au ~ar hf Fhefh`êf `l Elref`a ~frf lkle|pfr lkle|pfr lup|`mau } ~ra}lepau ~ra}lepau lu~leêgmeau lu~leêgmeau `l ef~pfemõd ef~pfemõd `l d|lwfu g|ldplu g|ldplu(( jlkarfj jlkarfjmldp mldpaa `l ~hfdpfu ~hfdpfu `l fhjfel fhjfeldfjm dfjmldp ldpa( a( rl` `l `muprmo| `muprmo|emõd emõd } ~hfdpfu ~hfdpfu `l prfpfjmldpa `l fc|fu ulrwm`fu( hfu e|fhlu lrfd |pmhm{f`fu ld rmlca `l pmlrrfu fcrêeahfu `l Elref`a } V|mhhfeahha$ Ldprl Ldprl hau ~rmdem~ ~rmdem~fhl fhluu ~ra}lepau ~ra}lepau v|l jfrefrad jfrefrad mj~fepa mj~fepa ld lh `lufrrahh `lufrrahhaa mdupmp| mdupmp|emad emadfh fh `l ULJF^F pldljau 7 ~ra}lepau gmdfdemf`au ~ar arcfdmujau j|hpmhfplrfhlu } omhfplrfhlu( hau e|fhlu gmdfdemfd lup|`mau } lkle|emõd `l ~ra}lepau ofka hf ja`fhm`f` ja`fhm`f` `l `adfemõd } erí`mpa f ULJF^F hf e|fh ofka cfrfdpêf lupfpfh `lol e|ormr `mebau erí`mpau jl`mfdpl lh eaora `l pfrmgfu `l fc|f } `l ulrwmema `l fhefdpfrmhhf`a$ F craua ja`a( hau erí`mpau eadprfê`au ~ar ULJF^F ldprl 6=3> } 6==? g|l `l <6$033$3<5 jmhhadlu `l `õhfrlu( hau e|fhlu f u| wl{ eaj~rld`ld pfufu `l mdplríu ofkau( f ulr e|omlrpau$ \df uêdplumu `l hau ~rmdem~fhlu erí`mpau lu; ^rmdem~fhlu mdwlrumadlu mdplrdfemadfhlu ld ULJF^F "6=3> * 6==?Ld uêdplumu( ~a`ljau wlr v|l ULJF^F hacrf eaduahm`fr ld e|fdpa f g|ldplu u|~lrgmemfhlu < umupljfu `l hfc|dfu ld hf Ear`mhhlrf `l Eaebfofjof( hf wlrpmldpl `l fraefc|f( fj~hmf u| mdgrflupr|ep|rf mdgrflupr|ep|rf `l ef~pfemõd( ef~pfemõd( fhjfeldfjmldpa( fhjfeldfjmldpa( oajola( `muprmo|emõd `muprmo|emõd } ~hfdpfu `l prfpfjmldpa `l fc|fu ulrwm`fu$ Ld lupl fu~lepa( rlu~lepa f hfu fc|fu u|~lrgmemfhlu u|~lrgmemfhlu ULJF^F p|wa ímpa ld
5< u| ~hfdm ~hfdmgme gmefem femõd( õd( hacrf hacrfd`a d`a lwmp lwmpfr fr e|fhv| e|fhv|ml mlrr eadgh eadghmep mepau au } ~raoh ~raohlj ljfu fu uaemfh uaemfhlu lu ead hau hau ~ra~mlpfrmau ~ra~mlpfrmau `l hfu g|ldplu g|ldplu `l fc|f fc|f v|l g|l f`k|`meæd`a f`k|`meæd`aul$ ul$ Ld e|fdpa f hf f`v|mumemõd `l g|ldplu `l fc|f u|oplrrædlf( ULJF^F f~rawlebfd`a hau fwfdelu pledahõcmeau( hacrõ ~lrgarfr 3? ~a{au `l `mglrldpl ~rag|d`m`f`( v|l wfd `lu`l 6?> jpru( ?0> jlpru bfupf <>> jpru$( f ha hfrca `lh Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof$ ] `lu`l mdmema `l hfu hfu ~rmj ~rmjlr lrfu fu ~lrg ~lrgar arfe fema madl dlu( u( ULJF ULJF^F ^F ul ldea ldeadp dprõ rõ ead ead ~rap ~raplu lupf pfu( u( a~au a~aume mema madl dlu( u( jawmh jawmhm{f m{fema emadl dluu } ldgrl ldgrldpf dpfjm jmldp ldpau( au( v|l hl hhlwf hhlwfrad rad f o| o|uef uefrr lh f~a f~a}a }a `lh `lh Ca Caoml omlrda rda @l~frpfjldpfh "^rlglep|rf-( Caomlrda Dfemadfh } `l hf Fhefh`êf `l Elref`a( ~frf jawmhm{fr fh lkírempa } ~ahmeêf ld ~rae|rf `l rl~rmjmr( rl~rmjmr( mj~adlr lupf`au `l umpma( ~lrule|emadlu( ~lrule|emadlu( parp|rfu( blrm`au9 hfu e|fhlu k|dpa ead k|upmgmefpmwau pledaeræpmeau( `muermjmdfparmau } rfemupfu lrfd fwfhf`au ~ar píedmeau `l ULJF^F } f|parm`f`lu dfemadfhlu } f|parm`f`lu `l~frpfjldpfhlu$ Lupf ~ahêpmef `l rl~rlumõd l mdplrwldemõd ( `ma h|cfr pfdpfu ofpfhhfu eaja ~a{au v|l ul ~lrgarfrad( } pa`a ~ar gfhpf `l |d ldgav|l `l ~hfdmgmefemõd ~hfdmgmefemõd rlcmadfh `l rle|ruau bê`rmeau v|l ~hfdpll uah|emadlu ~frf pa`au$ \d rlu|jld `l hfu eaj|dm`f`lu fglepf`fu ~ar hf ~lrgarfemõd `l ~a{au uad; ^A[AU ^L_GA_F@AU ^A_ ULJF^F LD LH WFHHL ELDP_FH "6=3= * 6==?Ld rlu|jld( hf ~ahêpmef `l feelua f fc|fu u|oplrrædlfu g|l hhlwf`f f efoa ofka |df bm~aerluêf bm~aerluêf pleda pledaeræ eræpm pmef ef } jípa jípa`au `au gfuem gfuemupf upfuu `l rl~rl rl~rlumõ umõdd v| v|ll `mlra `mlradd h|cf h|cfrr fh u|rcm u|rcmjm jmldp ldpaa `l |d jawmjmldpa `l hfu eaj|dm`f`lu } j|dmem~mau `lh Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof( ld `lglduf `l u|u rle|ruau bê`rmeau( } `ljfd`f `l fpldemõd fh Lupf`a ~frf e|ormr u|u `ljfd`fu `l fc|f ~apfohl } rmlca9 ld lupl êdplrmd ul luermomlrad luermomlrad blramefu kardf`fu ld hf hhfjf`f hhfjf`f /h|ebf ~ar lh fc|f/ "6==0*6==7- } ld hf /~rmjlrf c|lrrf `lh fc|f/ "6==3*6==2- } hf /Ulc|d`f c|lrrf `lh fc|f/ "?>>>Fdplu `l gmdfhm{fr( efol ~|dp|fhm{fr( lh fhefdel v|l pmldl ~frf hfu eaj|dm`f`lu efj~lumdfu `lh Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebfofjof( lh |ua } uaorl l~hapfemõd `l hfu fc|fu u|oplrrædlfu ld u|u {adfu rlfhm{f`fu ~ar ULJF^F "} j|} ~raofohl fep|fhjldpl FC\FU @LH P\_DF_M-$ Lupf ~ra`|eemõd ~ra`|eemõd `l fc|fu u|~lrgmemfhlu `f h|cfr f |d Wah|jld fe|j|hf`a fe|j|hf`a `l 6<#6>6$0<0 jmhhadlu jmhhadlu
57 `l jlprau eûomeau( v|l bfeld lh 32(0, `lh papfh `l fc|f |pmhm{f`f ld Eaebfofjof( lh rlupfdpl ?6(7, earrlu~ad`l f hfu fc|fu u|~lrgmemfhlu `l hfu hfc|dfu } wlrpmldplu `l ULJF^F * FC\FU @LH P\_DF_M v|l hhlcfd f |df ~ra`|eemõd `l 0#6<3$773 jmhhadlu `l jlprau eûomeau$
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Da bf} ld Eaebfofjof |d ~raohljf ~raohljf jæu crfwl v|l lh `lh fc|f$ Umd ljofrca( ljofrca( da ae|~f |d h|cfr `lupfef`a ld hf fcld`f ~ahêpmef$ Uõha ha aop|wa fhrl`l`ar `l formh `lh ?>>>( ~frf ulr ~aea `lu~|íu d|lwfjldpl d|lwfjldpl `lu~hf{f`a `lu~hf{f`a f hfu ~æcmdfu mdplrmarlu mdplrmarlu `lh `lofpl `lofpl } hf rlghlmõd$ ±E|æh lu lh jmuplrma v|l ldw|lhwl lh ~raohljf `lh fc|f ld Eaebfofjof1 ±Eõja lu ~aumohl v|l ha u|grf pfdpf cldpl } v|l ul ha prfpl ead pfdpf md`mglrldemf1 Lu ~aumohl v|l ul `lof f v|l lh ~raohljf lu `l pfhlu `mjldumadlu v|l }f da ul ha wmwf eaja |d ~raohljf( lu `lemr( eaja fhca v|l pmldl uah|emõd( umda jæu omld eaja |df gfpfhm`f` `lh `lupmda( eaja |d `fpa `l hf dfp|rfhl{f( eaja l~rlumõd `l hf wah|dpf` `l hau `maulu$ Umd ljofrca( f|dv|l lu lglepmwfjldpl crfd`l( lu |d ~raohljf v|l rlv|mlrl uah|emõd$ Jæu `l hf jmpf` `l hf ~aohfemõd da pmldl feelua fh umupljf ~ûohmea `l `muprmo|emõd `l fc|f( } v|mldlu pmldld feelua uahfjldpl rlemold fc|f f emlrpfu barfu `l emlrpau `êfu$ Hau v|l pmldld feelua f hf rl` ul eadgarjfd gæemhjldpl ~arv|l bfd `lufrrahhf`a pa`a |d umupljf `l fhjfeldfjmldpa ~frf lh|`mr hf `mueadpmd|m`f` `lh ulrwmema$ F`ljæu( ca{fd `l pfrmgfu ofkfu } u|owldemadf`fu$ F|dv|l hau |u|frmau `lh ulrwmema ~ûohmea `l fc|f ld Eaebfofjof ~fcfd ~aea ~ar |d ulrwmema jfha( ul eadgarjfd eadgarjfd ~arv|l uad ~rmwmhlcmf`au ~rmwmhlcmf`au ld eaj~frfemõd eaj~frfemõd ead hau v|l da pmldld feelua$ ±V|í u|el`l ead hau v|l da pmldld feelua fh ulrwmema ~ûohmea1 Hf ~ræepmef dau j|luprf v|l eadumc|ld fc|f eaja ulf } hf fcrf`leld ead u| ~femldemf$ Fhc|dau bfd hacrf`a lupfohlelr umupljfu ofrrmfhlu } aprau pmldld ~a{au ~ra~mau( ead mdwlrumadlu eaupaufu } efhm`f` mdemlrpf v|l( umd ljofrca( hlu `f hf uldufemõd `l ulr `|löau `l ha v|l pmldld$ ^lra uad j|ebau hau v|l `l~ld`ld `lh jlref`a mdgarjfh `l fc|fplrau } hhlcfd f ~fcfr bfupf umlpl wlelu jæu ~ar lh fc|f umd dmdc|df ulc|rm`f` `l v|l lupí hmorl `l eadpfjmdfemõd$ Hf `mglrldemf da lu uahfjldpl `l efhm`f`lu } ~rlemau( lu `l wm`f a j|lrpl$ Hf jarpfhm`f` mdgfdpmh ld {adfu umd feelua fh ulrwmema `l fc|f lu efum e|fpra wlelu jæu fhpf v|l ld lh eldpra
53 `l hf em|`f`( ~arv|l hf gfhpf `l fc|f rl~lre|pl ld mdgleemadlu jarpfhlu ~frf hau dmöau$ \da `l hau ~aeau efd`m`fpau v|l rle|lr`f v|l lh pljf lu j|dmem~fh fefof `l `ld|demfr v|l ~ar lupl bleba j|lrld `au dmöau ef`f `êf$ ] ld ef`f föa v|l ~auplrcfjau hf uah|emõd `lkfjau v|l ~fuld 57< `êfu$ `êfu$ Lh `föa v|l ef|uf f hau bfompfdplu `l hf em|`f` lupl umupljf mdk|upa lu cmcfdpluea$ Fglepf f hfu ~lruadfu ld u| wm`f eapm`mfdf l mj~m`l lh erlemjmldpa leadõjmea( hf cldlrfemõd `l lj~hlau } lh feelua f jf}arlu dmwlhlu `l eadu|ja$ ^lra( eaja umlj~rl( da gfhpfd hau v|l h|erfd `l hf lueful{ } hf mdk|upmemf$ @|löau `l ~a{au( wlrpmldplu } emuplrdfu( l~lrpau ld ~lrgarfemadlu ~lrgarfemadlu } wld`l`arlu wld`l`arlu `l oajofu `l fc|f( `lgmld`ld u|u mdplrlulu mdplrlulu rlebf{fd`a pa`a efjoma } ofrdm{fd`a u| hfoar `l fhpr|muja f gfwar `l hau dlelumpf`au$ @l bleba( hau ~aorlu pmldld dlelum`f`lu pfd crfd`lu v|l hhlcfd f ~lremomr eaja |d gfwar lh rlemomr fc|f f ~rlemau `l lu~le|hfemõd$ Pfjomíd hau o|rõerfpfu h|erfd `l lupl umupljf$ Hf lj~rluf j|dmem~fh `l fc|f( Uljf~f( hacrõ hlwfdpfr bfel j|ebau föau |d lue|`a píedmea ~frf `lgld`lrul `l hfu `ljfd`fu `l hf ~aohfemõd( ~aohfemõd( } |da prfu apra hau Fhefh`lu Fhefh`lu bfd |uf`a Uljf~f ~frf hmorfrul `l rlu~adufomhm`f`lu$ rlu~adufomhm`f`lu$ Fh ~|dpa v|l da gfhpf lh v|l( bfomld`a um`a fhefh`l a eadelkfh( `lue|orl fbarf v|l hf jmpf` `l hau bfompfdplu da pmldl ulrwmema$ ] pfdpa hau v|l f`jmdmuprfrad Uljf~f eaja hau v|l eadprahfrad hf Fhefh`êf bfd |uf`a f hf lj~rluf ~frf fj~hmfr lh eêre|ha `l hf ~rlold`f$ Ld hau ûhpmjau e|fpra föau hfu ~lcfu ul j|hpm~hmefrad j|eba jæu ræ~m`a v|l hf eaolrp|rf `lh ulrwmema$ \df wêepmjf `l hf c|lrrf `lh fc|f g|l hf ~hfdmhhf `l lj~hlf`au ld Uljf~f( v|l fbarf u|upldpf f |d ~lruadfh 5>>, jæu d|jlra d|jlraua ua v|l fdplu fdplu$$ Hf lj~rl lj~rluf uf e|ldp e|ldpff fba fbarf rf ead ead e|f`rm e|f`rmhh hhfu fu v| v|ll ~|l ~|l`l `ldd jawmh jawmhm{f m{frul rul ræ~m`fjldpl ~frf lmcmr hf ead`adfemõd `l `l|`fu ~lra da ~frf lwmpfr g|cfu `l fc|f a `luoar`lu `lh fhefdpfrmhhf`a$ Prfpl |upl` `l eadulc|mr f}|`f `l ljlrcldemf ld daeblu a gmdlu `l uljfdf } eaj~raofræ eaj~raofræ lupf fgmrjfemõd$ fgmrjfemõd$ E|f`rmhhfu E|f`rmhhfu v|l pfj~aea ul jawmhm{fd ~frf fj~hmfr hf rl` a `lufrrahhfr `lufrrahhfr d|lwfu g|ldplu `l fc|f$ ^mldul uahfjldpl uahfjldpl v|l jmldprfu ul rlwmupl lh pûdlh `l Jmume|dm( da bf} dmdcûd prfofka ld e|rua ~frf rlemomr( prfpfr } prflr hfu fc|fu `l |d prfuwful ~aumohl bfemf hf em|`f`$
52 Hf U|~lrmdpld`ldemf `l Ulrwmemau Oæumeau( `lue|m`fd`a ~ar eaj~hlpa u| `lolr `l `lgld`lr lh mdplríu `l hau eadu|jm`arlu( bf `f`a u| fwfh f lupl umupljf$ Hhlcõ Hhlcõ f jfrcmdfr jfrcmdfr `lh eadprfpa `l eadelumõd f luf jmpf` `l hau bfompfdplu `l hf em|`f` v|l da pmldld eadlmõd ead lh ulrwmema( ld wl{ `l lmcmr f hf lj~rluf |d ~hfd ~frf fpld`lrhau$ ] f|dv|l lupa bf lj~l{f`a f earrlcmrul( lh bleba lwm`ldpl lu v|l luf U|~lrmdpld`ldemf pmld`l jæu f pahlrfr v|l f lmcmr f hf lj~rluf$ ] v|mldlu f{|{frad hf c|lrrf `lh fc|f ead `ljfd`fu } ~rajlufu da uahfjldpl hfu bfd ahwm`f`a( umda v|l fbarf lj~hlfd hau jmujau `mue|ruau ~frf ~rajawlr d|lwfu fwldp|rfu ~ahêpmefu( ~ahêpmefu( eaja hf `l hf lupfpm{femõd `lh cfu$ Bæomhlu ~frf eahaefr `mugrfelu `l wmeparmf f u|u grfefuau( j|ebau `l lhhau bfd hacrf`a hhlcfr fh ^frhfjldpa } aprau fbarf mdeh|ua `mu~|pfd ~ar wahwlr f ae|~fr |d ~|lupa ld lh Eadelka J|dmem~fh$ Lu |d jmuplrma v|l |d ~raohljf pfd crfwl ~ful `luf~lremom`a ld lh `lofpl$ Fhc|dau ha jldemadfd ead pmjm`l{ } aprau ead fhca jæu `l g|lr{f( ~lra dmdc|da ul fdmjf f lj~|kfrha fh eldpra `lh `lofpl$ ] lupa ul `lol f v|l hf ~aohfemõd jmujf bf a~pf`a ~ar mcdarfrha$ Dmdc|df Dmdc|df lde|lupf `lplepf ~rlae|~femõd ~ar lh pljf( ha e|fh v|l`õ pfjomíd ehfrfjldpl rlghlkf`a ld hau ofkêumjau ofkêumjau dmwlhlu `l ~frpmem~femõd ~frpmem~femõd ld hfu lhleemadlu lhleemadlu `l Uljf~f$ ±Lrf fefua jæu gæemh ohav|lfr ld ld lh ?>>> v|l v|l wapfr ld ld lh ?>>01 Crfd jmuplrma jmuplrma lh `lh `lh fc|f ld Eaebfofjo Eaebfofjof$ f$ ±Ulræ v|l fdpl lh jmuplrma uõha dau v|l`f lh jmhfcra1 Lul ulrêf v|l hh|lwf `mdlra ~frf plrjmdfr Jmume|dm$ Ldprlpfdpa( lu `l lu~lrfr v|l hfu hh|wmfu v|l eajmld{fd hhldld hfu rl~rlufu } rl~adcfd hau fe|êglrau v|l fhmwmfd pfd ~rlefrmfjldpl hf ul` `l lupf em|`f`$ ±Ulræ v|l fdpl lh jmuplrma uõha dau v|l`f lh jmhfcra `l lu~lrfr v|l hh|lwf `mdlra ~frf plrjmdfr Jmume|dm1 Ldprlpfdpa( Ufd Ulwlrmda f}|`fræ f v|l hfu hh|wmfu ulfd u|gmemldplu ~frf hhldfr hfu rl~rlufu } rl~adlr hau fe|êglrau v|l fhmwmfd pfd ~rlefrmfjldpl hf ul` `l lupf em|`f`$
Fdæhmumu } A~lrfemadfhm{femõd `l hfu Wfrmfohlu
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Jfrea Bm~apípmea
^frf fhc|dau ~fêulu ead lueful{ `l fc|f } ræ~m`a erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd v|m{æ }f ulf `ljfumf`a pfr`l ~frf lwmpfr |df ermumu$ J|ebau aprau ~fêulu ~|l`ld lwmpfr hf ermumu v|l ul f~ramjf um garj|hfd } f~hmefd f hf orlwl`f` ~ahêpmefu } luprfplcmfu f~ra~mf`fu$ Ulf v|l lh fc|f ul |ul ~frf hf fcrme|hp|rf( hf md`|uprmf a hau ulrwmemau j|dmem~fhlu( lmupld fj~hmfu ~aumomhm`f`lu `l eadulrwfemõd } `l |d jlkar f~rawlebfjmldpa$ Ld hfu luprfplcmfu `lol eadum`lrfrul da uõha hf garjf `l rlc|hfr jlkar lh fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f umda pfjomíd eõja rlc|hfr jlkar hf `ljfd`f$ ^frf lwmpfr v|l f hf hfrcf ul ~ra`|{ef |df efpæupragl( pfjomíd lu mj~arpfdpl fep|fr fbarf jmuja } `lufelhlrfr lh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd f gmd `l eadpldlr lh f|jldpa `l hf `ljf `ljfd`f d`f `l fc|f fc|f `|hel `|hel$$ Fe Fep|f p|fhj hjldp ldpl( l( ld d|jlr d|jlraua auauu ~fêul ~fêuluu ld `lufr `lufrrah rahha ha jmhh jmhhadl adluu `l ~lruadfu v|mlrld ~hfdmgmefr ~hfdmgmefr u|u gfjmhmfu gfjmhmfu } ~rfepmefr ~rfepmefr hf fdpmeadel~emõd$ fdpmeadel~emõd$ Hau ~racrfjfu `l ~hfdmgmefemõd ~hfdmgmefemõd gfjmhmfr gfjmhmfr bfd um`a j|} mj~arpfdplu mj~arpfdplu ~frf fulc|rfr hf ufh|` rl~ra`|epmwf rl~ra`|epmwf md`mwm`|fh } rl`|emr hau dmwlhlu `l gle|d`m`f` dfemadfhlu$ Hf eadpmd|femõd } fj~hmfemõd `l lupau ~racrfjfu pfjomíd pfjomíd ~|l`l f}|`fr f v|l lh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd ul wf}f grldfd`a } hhlc|l f dmwlhlu uaupldmohlu ld rlhfemõd ead lh u|jmdmupra `l fc|f `|hel$ ^a`ljau ~hfdplfr hf dlelum`f` `l rlfhm{fr lup|`mau uaorl hau rle|ruau bê`rmeau f dmwlh _lcmadfh } `l ef`f J|dmem~ma ld lh Wfhhl `l Ufefof( Elref`a } lh Wfhhl Eldprfh `l Eaebf Ea ebfofj ofjof$ of$ Prfof Prfofka ka v|l `lol `lol ulr rlfhm rlfhm{f` {f`aa eadk| eadk|dp dpfj fjldp ldpll hau hau ~rmde ~rmdem~f m~fhl hluu fepa feparlu rlu eaj|dfh eaj|dfhlu lu l mdupmp| mdupmp|emad emadfhl fhlu( u( ha e|fh ~lrjmpmræ ~lrjmpmræ ~hfdplf ~hfdplfrr ~ra~|lup ~ra~|lupfu fu `l `lufrrah `lufrrahha ha `l hau rle|ruau bê`rmeau ofuf`au ld lh eaduldua( jfdeaj|dm`f` } lv|m`f`$ Lupfjau ulc|rau( v|l lh fep|fh eadghmepa ~ar lh fc|f v|l ul wmldl hmorfd`a ld Eaebfofjof( uaha pld`ræ uah|emõd ul jfdpmldl } rlu~lpf hau hhfjf`au /|uau } eaup|jorlu/ v|l uad lh rlu~lpa `l hf ~ra~ml`f` ~rmwf`f eaj|dfh eaj|dfh `l hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f( hf clupmõd f|põdajf `l lupau umupl umupljf jfuu ~ar ~frpl ~frpl `l u|u u|u arcfdm arcfdm{f {fema emadlu dlu99 } hf fd| fd|hf hfem emõd õd `lh `lh eadpr eadprfp fpaa ead ead hf lj~rl lj~rluf uf eadelumadfrmf$
05
Jfrea Eadplp|fh
Hf ~aohfemõd `lh j|d`a( `l efum 7$>>> jmhhadlu( lupæ erlemld`a f rf{õd `l |dau 2> jmhhadlu ~ar föa$ Lupf emgrf ldprföf |d f|jldpa `l hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f `|hel `l f~ramjf`fjldp f~ramjf`fjldpll 70$>>> jmhhadlu jmhhadlu `l jlprau eûomeau ~ar föa ‐efdpm`f` lv|mwfhldpl f pa`a lh ef|`fh fd|fh `lh _md$ Um omld hfu pfufu `l erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd ul bf grldf`a fhca( lh dûjlra fouah|pa `l bfompfdplu v|l ul föf`ld ef`f föa f hf ~aohfemõd ‐hf emgrf ~lrpmdldpl ~frf eadum`lrfr hf `mu~admomhm`f` } dlelum`f` `l fc|f `|hel‐ ~lrjfdlel elref `l hau dmwlhlu jæu fhpau `l hf bmuparmf$ ^frf `fr |d lklj~ha( eaja `lu`l 6=3> ul bfd föf`m`a fh ~hfdlpf efum ?$>>> jmhhadlu `l bfompfdplu( ul `mu~adl fbarf `l |d plrema jldau `l fc|f ~lr eæ~mpf v|l ldpadelu$ Ebmdf } hf Md`mf( v|l ae|~fd( rlu~lepmwfjldpl rlu~lepmwfjldpl(( lh ~rmjlra } lh ulc|d`a h|cfr ldprl hau ~fêulu jæu ~a~|hauau `lh j|d`a( agrleld lklj~hau `l hf jfdlrf ld v|l f|d ja`lupfu pfufu `l erlemj erlemjml mldpa dpa `ljac `ljacræg rægme meaa ul prf`| prf`|eld eld ld crfd` crfd`lu lu dûjlr dûjlrau au fouah| fouah|pa pauu e|fd`a e|fd`a hf oful oful ~aohfemadfh ~aohfemadfh lu crfd`l$ Ld Ebmdf hf pfuf `l erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd ~aohfemõd lupmjf`f ld 6==2 lu `l |d 6, ~ar föa$ ^lra eaja hf ~aohfemõd `l Ebmdf u|~lrf hau 6$?>> jmhhadlu `l bfompfdplu( f|d |df pfuf `l erlemjmldpa `ljacrægmea ofkf umcdmgmef 6? jmhhadlu jæu `l bfompfdplu ~ar föa$ Hf pfuf `l erlemjmldpa `ljacrægmea `l hf Md`mf( v|l lu `l fhrl`l`ar `l 6(=, ~ar föa( eadum`lrfohljldpl jæu fhpf v|l hf `l Ebmdf( umcdmgmef v|l fd|fhjldpl ul föf`ld |dau 62 jmhhadlu `l bfompfdplu f hf ~aohfemõd fep|fh `l hf Md`mf `l |dau =3> jmhhadlu$ Ld hfu `au rlcmadlu `lh j|d`a v|l }f ldgrldpfd hf lueful{ `l fc|f fouah|pf a lupfemadfh lupfemadfh jæu ulrmf ‐Ægrmef } lh Elrefda Armldpl‐ hfu pfufu `l erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd umc|ld lupfd`a ldprl hfu jæu fhpfu `lh j|d`a$ Ld lh Ægrmef u|oufbfrmfdf hf ~aohfemõd lupæ erlemld`a( pírjmda jl`ma( f rf{õd `l ?(7, ~ar föa9 ld lh Elrefda Armldpl } Ægrmef `lh Darpl( f rf{õd `l ?(?,$ Lupfu pfufu `l erlemjmldpa `ljacrægmea pmldld eadule|ldemfu dlgfupfu ~frf lh u|jmdmupra `l fc|f ~lr eæ~mpf ld hau ~fêulu `l lufu rlcmadlu$ Pldumõd bê`rmef } lueful{ `l fc|f$ F jl`m`f v|l erlel hf ~aohfemõd( f|jldpf lh dûjlra `l ~fêulu v|l eadgradpfd ead`memadlu ead`memadlu `l lueful{ `l fc|f$ Ul `mel v|l |d ~fêu l~lrmjldpf l~lrmjldpf pldumõd bê`rmef
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00 eûomeau ~ar ~lruadf$ E|fd`a `luemld`l f dmwlhlu `l 6$3>> f 6$>>> jlprau eûomeau ~ar ~lruadf( ~|l`ld ~rlwlrul ump|femadlu ump|femadlu `l lueful{ ~lrmõ`mef ~lrmõ`mef a hmjmpf`f hmjmpf`f `l fc|f$ E|fd`a hau u|jmdmuprau fd|fhlu `l fc|f ofkfd f jldau `l 6$>>> jlprau eûomeau ~ar ~lruadf( lh ~fêu ldgrldpf
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|df lueful{ erõdmef v|l fjldfel hf ~ra`|eemõd `l fhmjldpau( aoupfe|hmel lh `lufrrahha leadõjmea } `föl hau leaumupljfu$ Jfhmd Gfhildjfri garj|hõ hau eadel~pau `l pldumõd bê`rmef } `l lueful{ `l fc|f ofuæd`aul ld |d êd`mel `l hfu dlelum`f`lu `l fc|f `|hel ~lr eæ~mpf$ ^frf lhha lupmjõ |df dlelum`f` jêdmjf `l 6>> hmprau ~ar `êf ~ar ~lruadf ~frf |ua `ajíupmea( } `l < f ?> wlelu jæu ~frf |uau fcrêeahfu l md`|uprmfhlu$ Lupau eadel~pau bfd um`a fj~hmfjldpl fel~pf`au } lj~hlf`au ~ar hau bm`rõhacau( bm`rõhacau( lh Ofdea J|d`mfh } aprfu arcfdm{femadlu$ arcfdm{femadlu$ ^a~|hfpmad ^a~|hfpmad Fepmad Mdplrdfpmadfh "^FM-( ~ar lklj~ha( lklj~ha( ul bf wfhm`a `l lhhau lhhau ~frf lglep|fr lglep|fr ~ra}leemadlu ~ra}leemadlu `l hf `mu~admomhm`f` `mu~admomhm`f` `l fc|f fc|f ~lr eæ~mpf } ~frf ~radaupmefr ump|femadlu `l lueful{ `l fc|f ld ?>?< } ?><>$ Hau eæhe|hau uaorl pldumõd bê`rmef } lueful{ `l fc|f ul ofufd ld lupmjfemadlu `l hau u|jmdmuprau rldawfohlu `l fc|f `|hel `l |d ~fêu } da mdeh|}ld lh fc|f lprfê`f `l fe|êglrau u|opl u|oplrræ rrædla dlauu gõumh gõumhlu$ lu$ Hfu Hfu fc|fu fc|fu u|opl u|oplrræ rrædlf dlfuu gõumhl gõumhluu uad luldem luldemfh fhjl jldpl dpl |d rle|ru rle|ruaa da rldawfohl ~|lupa v|l lupau ~rag|d`au fe|êglrau dlelumpfd `leldfu `l jmhlu `l föau ~frf rl~adlrul$ \d ~fêu ~|l`l lwmpfr ~ar |d pmlj~a hau lglepau `l hf pldumõd bê`rmef lprf}ld`a fc|f da rldawfohl( ~lra lupf ~ræepmef da lu uaupldmohl( uaupldmohl( lu~lemfhjldpl lu~lemfhjldpl um hf ~aohfemõd eadpmdûf erlemld`a ræ~m`fjldpl } f|jldpf hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f ~lr eæ~mpf$ Ld 6==<( 56 ~fêulu ead |df ~aohfemõd eadk|dpf `l jæu `l 0<2 jmhhadlu( ldgrldpfrad pldumõd bê`rmef a lueful{ `l fc|f$ Lupa rl~rluldpf |df f`memõd `l uaha prlu ~fêulu ~ fêulu `lu`l 6==>( e|fd`a ?2 ~fêulu ead |df ~aohfemõd `l 55< jmhhadlu ld papfh l~lrmjldpfrad pldumõd bê`rmef a lueful{ `l fc|f$ ^lra lh dûjlra `l bfompfdplu v|l( ulcûd ul lupmjf( wmwld ld ~fêulu ead pldumõd bê`rmea } lueful{ `l fc|f l~lrmjldpõ |d f|jldpa `l efum 6?< jmhhadlu `|rfdpl lupau emdea föau( ha v|l ~adl `l jfdmgmlupa lh f|jldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd ld ~fêulu ead lueful{ `l fc|f$
0< \d 3>, `l hf u|~lrgmeml `l hf pmlrrf lu fc|f( ~lra hf jf}ar ~frpl `l íupf lu aelædmef$ Ld wah|jld( uõha 5, `l pa`f lh fc|f `lh j|d`a lu fc|f `|hel( } ld u| jf}ar ~frpl da ul bfhhf cldlrfhjldpl `mu~admohl$ \dfu prlu e|frpfu ~frplu `l pa`f lh fc|f `|hel ul bfhhf mdfeelumohl( ld garjf `l efuv|lplu `l bmlha } chfemfrlu ump|f`au ld {adfu ~ahfrlu j|} fhlkf`fu `l hf jf}ar ~frpl `l hau eldprau `l ~aohfemõd9 uõha |d 6, lu fc|f `|hel u|~lrgmemfh gæemhjldpl feelumohl$ Íupf lu ~rmjar`mfhjldpl lh fc|f v|l ul lde|ldprf ld hau hfcau } rêau } f ~aef ~rag|d`m`f` ld lh u|lha( u|lha( `l `ad`l ~|l`l ~|l`l lprflrul lprflrul umd jf}ar eaupa$ eaupa$ Uõha luf luf efdpm`f` `l fc|f ul rld|lwf bfomp|fhjldpl ead hf hh|wmf } hfu dlwf`fu } lu( ~ar pfdpa( |d rle|rua uaupldmohl$ Ld papfh( uõha |d eldpíumja `lh |da ~ar emldpa `lh u|jmdmupra papfh `l fc|f `lh j|d`a ul eadum`lrf gæemhjldpl feelumohl ~frf |ua b|jfda$ Ul eadum`lrf v|l( j|d`mfhjldpl( ul `mu~adl `l 6?$<>> f 60$>>> jmhhadlu `l jlprau eûomeau `l fc|f "6?$<>> f 60$>>> imhõjlprau eûomeau- ~ar föa ~frf |ua b|jfda$ Lupa rl~rluldpf |dau =$>>> jlprau eûomeau ~ar ~lruadf ~ar föa( ulcûd ul lupmjõ ld 6=2=$ "Dapf; 6 jlpra eûomea lu mc|fh f 6$>>> hmprau$- Ul ~ra}lepf v|l ld lh föa ?>?< hf `mu~admomhm`f` chaofh `l fc|f `|hel ~lr eæ~mpf `lueld`lræ `lueld`lræ f <$6>> <$6>> jlprau eûomeau eûomeau ~ar ~lruadf( fh fh u|jfrul aprau aprau ?$>>> jmhhadlu jmhhadlu `l bfompfdplu f hf ~aohfemõd `lh j|d`a "620-$ F|d ldpadelu lupf efdpm`f` ulrêf u|gmemldpl ~frf ufpmugfelr hfu dlelum`f`lu b|jfdfu um lh fc|f lup|wmlrf `muprmo|m`f ~ar mc|fh ldprl pa`au hau bfompfdplu `lh j|d`a$ ^lra hfu emgrfu ~lr eæ~mpf uaorl hf `mu~admomhm`f` `l fc|f ~rluldpfd |d e|f`ra ldcföaua$ Lh fc|f `|hel j|d`mfhjldpl `mu~admohl da lupæ lv|mpfpmwfjldpl `muprmo|m`f ld lh j|d`a( dm ld pa`fu hfu lupfemadlu `lh föa( dm `l föa f föa$ Ld fhc|dau efuau lh fc|f da lupæ `ad`l hf v|lrljau( dm ld efdpm`f` u|gmemldpl$ Ld aprau efuau pldljau `ljfumf`f fc|f ld lh h|cfr lv|mwaef`a } e|fd`a da bfel gfhpf$ /Wmwmjau ofka hf pmrfdêf `lh emeha `lh fc|f/( aoulrwf lh bm`rõhaca Jfhmd Gfhildjfri( rlgmrmíd`aul fh emeha bm`rahõcmea `l hf pmlrrf$ Lh emeha bm`rahõcmea `l hf pmlrrf fepûf eaja |df oajof cmcfdpl cmcfdpl v|l eadpmd|fjldpl eadpmd|fjldpl prfdugmlrl fc|f `|hel `l hau aeífdau f hf pmlrrf } `l w|lhpf fh jfr$ Ld lupl emeha `l ldlrcêf uahfr( lh fc|f ul lwf~arf `l hf u|~lrgmeml `l hf pmlrrf f hf fpjõuglrf( `l `ad`l efl ld garjf `l hh|wmf a dmlwl$ ^frpl `l lupf ~rlem~mpfemõd w|lhwl f lwf~arfrul `ldpra `l hf fpjõuglrf$ Aprf ~frpl eajmld{f lh wmfkl `l w|lhpf fh jfr f prfwíu `l frra}au( rêau } hfcau$ ] f|d aprf ~frpl ul gmhprf
07 `ldpra `lh u|lha } ul eadwmlrpl ld b|jl`f` `lh u|lha a ld fc|f `l u|~lrgmeml$ Hfu ~hfdpfu mdear~arfd hf b|jl`f` `lh u|lha ld u|u plkm`au } hf hmolrfd ld hf fpjõuglrf ld lh ~raelua `l lwf~aprfdu~mrfemõd$ Crfd ~frpl `lh fc|f u|oplrrædlf gmdfhjldpl w|lhwl f ~fufr fh ef|`fh `l hfu fc|fu `l u|~lrgmeml$ Hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f ld Eaebfofjof( Oahmwmf Hf f~hmefemõd `l hfu ~ahêpmefu `l rllupr|ep|rfemõd leadõjmef ld Oahmwmf bf pldm`a |da `l u|u ~rmdem~fhlu ~rmdem~fh lu lhljl lhljldpau dpau ld hf ~rmwfpm ~rmwfpm{femõd( {femõd( da uõha `l hfu lj~rlufu luprfpíc luprfpícmefu mefu "~lprõhl "~lprõhla( a( jmdlrêf( eaj|dmefemadlu- umda pfjomíd `l hau ulrwmemau oæumeau$ Ld rlglrldemf fh ulrwmema `l fe|l`| fe| l`|ep epa( a( ld ul ul~pm ~pmlj ljorl orl `l 6== 6==== lh ^f ^frh rhfjl fjldp dpaa f~ f~r|l r|lof of hf Hl Hl}} `l Fc Fc|f |f ^a ^apf pfohl ohl } Fhefdpfrmhhf`a$ Ufdmpfrma } |d jlu `lu~|íu lh Caomlrda ldprlcf ld eadelumõd f |d eaduarema ~rmwf`a mdplrdfemadfh "`ldajmdf`a Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm- hf lj~rluf j|dmem~fh `l `muprmo|emõd `l fc|f `l Eaebfofjof } hf lkle|emõd `lh ~ra}lepa Jmume|dm "jlcf~ra}lepa `l fc|f `l |uau jûhpm~hlu-( mj~arpfdpl luprfplcmf ~frf hf uah|emõd `l hf erõdmef lueful{ `l fc|f ld hf rlcmõd$ Mdjl`mfpfjldpl( arcfdm{femadlu ~a~|hfrlu } fjomldpfhmupfu bfeld ~ûohmefu u|u aoulrwfemadlu } ld dawmljorl `l 6=== ul hhlwf f efoa lh ~rmjlr ohav|la efj~lumda } `l rlcfdplu ld hfu wêfu `l feelua f hf em|`f` `l Eaebfofjof$ Ul mdmemfof fuê hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f$ Hau ~rmd ~rmdem~f em~fhlu hlu ~hf ~hfdplf dplfjml jmldpau dpau ld eadp eadprf rf `l lup lupff ~rmw ~rmwfpm fpm{fem {femõd õd luc lucrmjm rmjm`au `au ~ar hau `au ~rmdem~fhlu ~rmdem~fh lu feparlu haefhlu( hf Eaar`mdf`arf @l~frpfjldpfh @l~frpfjldpfh `lh Fc|f } hf Wm`f } Gl`lrfemõd @l~frpfjldpfh Eaebfofjomdf `l _lcfdplu "Gl`lear-( g|lrad hau umc|mldplu; ³ Hf Hl} da rlu~lpfof hau umupljfu prf`memadfhlu `l jfdlka `lh fc|f$ ³ Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm ~rabmoêf lh g|demadfjmldpa `l umupljfu fhplrdfpmwau `l `muprmo|emõd `l fc|f ld hfu ærlfu `l eadelumõd `l hfu em|`f`lu$ ³ Hf eadelumadfrmf f~hmefof `lh ~rmdem~ma `l ©g|hh eaupu rleawlr}¹ "rle|~lrfemõd papfh `l eaupau- ld hf gmkfemõd `l pfrmgfu$
03 ³ Hf Hl} rl`|eêf hfu eaj~lpldemfu `l hau j|dmem~mau ~frf gmkfr pfrmgfu } aparcfr eadelumadlu$ ³ Leh|êf hf ~frpmem~femõd em|`f`fdf ld hf gmkfemõd `l pfrmgfu( hfu e|fhlu ulrêfd md`lf`fu fh `õhfr fjlrmefda$ ³ _mluca `l k|memau eafepmwau ~ar gfhpf `l ~fca ~frf |u|frmau `l ofkau mdcrluau$ ³ Da ul rleadaeêf f~arpl eaj|dmpfrma ld lkle|emõd `l aorfu }f lmupldplu$ Ld hau ~rmjlrau jlulu `lh föa ?>>> ~raumc|l hf ahf `l ~raplupfu } ohav|lau f ~lufr `l v|l g|lrad rl~rmjm`au ld garjf wmahldpf ~ar hf ~ahmeêf "b|oa |d j|lrpa( e|frldpf } umlpl blrm`au } jæu `l emldpa wlmdpl `lpldm`au-$ Lh ~rmjlr rlu|hpf`a lu formr |d lu~fema ~frf `mue|pmr hf rlwmumõd `lh eadprfpa `l eadelumõd } rlgarjfr hf Hl} `l Fc|f ^apfohl$ Gmdfhjldpl ld formh `lh ?>>>( h|lca `lh ohav|la md`lgmdm`a `l Eaebfofjof eadwaef`a ~ar hf Eaar`mdf`arf Eaar`mdf` arf @l~frpfjldpfh @l~frpfjldpfh `lh Fc|f } hf Wm`f } fdpl |df g|lrpl ~rlumõd uaemfh( hf lj~rluf Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm ul rlpmrf `l Oahmwmf$ Lh Caomlrda oahmwmfda p|wa v|l fel~pfr luf `lemumõd } ja`mgmefr hf Hl} `l Fc|f$ H|lca `l efum emdea föau `l lupau blebau( ld formh `lh ?>><( `|rfdpl lh eadghmepa ~ar lh fc|f ld hf em|`f` `l Lh Fhpa ld Oahmwmf( hf ~rlduf rlulöfof lh pljar `lh caomlrda `lh ~rlum`ldpl Efrhau Jluf `l hfu eadule|ldemfu k|rê`mefu k|rê`mefu v|l ul `lrmwfrêfd `l hf mdplrwldemõd mdjl`mfpf mdjl`mfpf `l hf lj~rluf eadelumadfrmf Fc|f `l Mhhmjfdm9 ump|femõd v|l ul l~hmef ~arv|l fep|fhjldpl Oahmwmf lupæ `ljfd`f`f ~ar wlmdpmemdea jmhhadlu `l `õhfrlu fdpl lh Eldpra Mdplrdfemadfh `l Frrlcha `l @mglrldemfu _lhfpmwfu f Mdwlrumadlu "Emf`m-( prmo|dfh mdplrdfemadfh `l~ld`mldpl `lh Ofdea J|d`mfh( `lom`a f hf rluemumõd `lh eadprfpa `lh Eaduarema ©Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm¹ aohmcf`f f ufhmr `l Eaebfofjof eaja rlu|hpf`a `l hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f$ Hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f ld Eaebfofjof g|l |da `l hau eadghmepau fjomldpfhlu jæu mj~arpfdplu `l Fjírmef Hfpmdf ld hau ûhpmjau föau( v|l ul eadum`lrf eadum`lrfrêf rêf eadeh|m`a( ~lra da fuê u|u ef|ufu } lu~lemfhjldpl u|u eadule|ldemfu$ \df j|luprf lwm`ldpl `l lupf ump|femõd lu lh fep|fh eadghmepa `l fc|f ld Lh Fhpa( } hf lmupldemf `l ump|femadlu umjmhfrlu f hfu `l Eaebfofjof9 |d
02 eadghmepa v|l da uõha lu ~lrpmdldpl ~frf ldpld`lr lh mj~fepa `l hf f~hmefemõd `l hfu ^ahêpmefu `l _llupr|ep|rfemõd Leadõjmef "^_L- umda v|l umc|l rl~ra`|emíd`aul ld aprfu haefhm`f`lu$ Ld lupf rlulöf ~rluldpfjau `au prfofkau v|l frrakfd hlep|rfu `mglrldplu ~lra eaj~hljldpfrmfu fh rlu~lepa$ Ld lh prfofka `l Erlu~a } Glrdæd`l{ ul bfel |d fdæhmumu `l hau gfeparlu `l ~a`lr "mdplrdau } lplrdau- v|l eadgmc|rfrad hfu garjfu `l rlumupldemf uaemfh } hau rlu|hpf`au fhefd{f`au$ Ld lh `ae|jldpa `l Blrofu Efjfeba( hf hlep|rf lu bfemf hau lglepau `l lupl eadghmepa ld lh æjompa mdplrdfemadfh$ Ld Eaebfofjof ul eadgmc|rõ |df ump|femõd `ad`l hfu h|ebfu `l hau jæu ~aorlu( v|l wlêfd ld hf ~rmwfpm{femõd `lh ulrwmema `l fc|f ~apfohl hf ~ír`m`f `lh feelua f lupl wmpfh rle|rua( hacrfrad f`ljæu `l rlwlrpmr hf ~rmwfpm{femõd( lupfohlelr |d lklj~ha `l hf mj~arpfdemf `lh fc|f eaja |d omld ~ûohmea ~ûohmea(( v|l bf pldm`a mj~arpfdplu rl~lre|umadlu rl~lre|umadlu ld Oahmwmf "eaja ul aoulrwf ld lh eadghmepa `l Lh Fhpa-( `l hf rlcmõd } aprau ~fêulu `lh eadpmdldpl$ Gfeparlu } `mu~aumpmwau `l ~a`lr ld hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f `l Eaebfofjof( Oahmwmf Ul fdfhm{fd hau `au pm~au `l gfeparlu } `mu~aumpmwau `l ~a`lr( mdplrdau } lplrdau v|l ulcûd hauu f| ha f|pa parl rluu ja ja`l `lhf hfra radd hf rl rlum umup upld ldem emff ua uaem emfh fh } l l~h ~hme mefd fd ha hauu rl rlu| u|hp hpf` f`au au fh fhef efd{ d{f` f`au au(( ~frpme|hfrjldpl ~frpme|h frjldpl hf rluemumõd rluemumõd `lh eadprfpa eadprfpa ead Fc|fu Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm } hf hf ja`mgmefemõd ja`mgmefemõd `l hf Hl} `l Fc|f ^apfohl$ Hau gfeparlu mdplrdau uad fv|lhhau `mu~aumpmwau } ~ræepmefu `lu~hlcf`au ~ar Gl`lear } hf Eaar`mdf`arf @l~frpfjldpfh `lh Fc|f } hf Wm`f ~frf hf rlumupldemf$ Lupau uad fcr|~f`au ld 6> pljfu; ³ Eadaemjmldpa `l hf ~raohljæpmef `lh fc|f ³ Wfharfemõd uaemfh } e|hp|rfh `lh fc|f ³ Cldlrfemõd `l ~ra~|lupfu fhplrdfpmwfu ³ Dlcaemfemõd; ~ra`|epa ead ~rlumõd uaemfh ³ @lueadgmfd{f ld lh umupljf ~ahêpmea
0= ³ Fhmfd{f luprfpícmef ldprl feparlu |rofdau } r|rfhlu ³ Lv|m~a píedmea fuluar `l Gl`lear } hf Eaar`mdf`arf ³ Eaolrp|rf `l jl`mau `l eaj|dmefemõd ³ Hlcmpmjm`f` `l Gl`lear } hf Eaar`mdf`arf @l~frpfjldpfh `lh Fc|f } hf Wm`f ³ Jfdlka `l hf dlcaemfemõd Ld e|fdpa f hau gfeparlu lplrdau; ³ @lgmemldpl jfdlka `lh eadghmepa ~ar ~frpl `l hau feparlu lupfpfhlu ³ @lomhm`f` } `luhlcmpmjm`f` `l feparlu rlcmadfhlu prf`memadfhlu "Eajmpí Eêwmea } Gl`lrfemõd `l K|dpfu Wlemdfhlu Glk|wlEaebfofjof } hf d|lwf eademldemf uaorl fh fc|f Ld hf ~rmjlrf ~frpl( orlwljldpl ul ulöfhf |d eadk|dpa `l pljfu ©chaofhlu¹ v|l l~hmef } `luermol ld ~frpl hf h|ebf j|d`mfh ul lupæ `fd`a ~ar hf f~ra~mfemõd `lh hhfjf`a ©ara f{|h¹$ Lupau pljfu uad; ³ Lueful{ ³ Eadpfjmdfemõd ³ Jada~ahma `lh fc|f ³ ^rmwfpm{femõd ³ L~arpfemõd `l fc|f Ld hf ulc|d`f ~frpl ul ~rluldpfd fhc|dau `l hau lglepau jæu wmumohlu ld lh æjompa ©chaofh¹$ ^frpmld`a `l v|l ha u|el`m`a jauprõ hf mjfcld `l Eaebfofjof } u| cldpl eaja ©|d ~|loha wmeparmaua( wldel`ar `l |df prfudfemadfh( `l |d @fwm` `lrrapfd`a f |d Cahmfp lh `l |df em|`f` v|l hl bfel |d rluv|mema fh ja`lha dlahmolrfh } `lw|lhwl hf lu~lrfd{f f emldpau `l jmhlu `l ~lruadfu ld hf rlcmõd } ld lh j|d`a¹ Hfu rlu~|lupfu ul ldeadprfrêfd ld ~raeluau chaofhlu chaofhlu v|l `l ©jfdlrf dfp|rfh ul bforêfd eadk|cf`a ld Eaebfofjof¹$ Lupau ulrêfd;
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³ Lh fc|f lu |d pljf wmpfh ~frf hf uaeml`f` chaofh$ ³ Hf pld`ldemf f ~rajawlr ld garjf md`muermjmdf`f hf ~rmwfpm{femõd `l hau ulrwmemau `l fc|f ~apfohl$ ³ Hf ~rluldemf `l lj~rlufu prfdudfemadfhlu eaja japar } fepar `l hfu ~rmwfpm{femadlu `l hau ulrwmemau `l fe|l`|epa( ead fdplel`ldplu `l `föau fjomldpfhlu$ ³ Hf lmupldemf `l |d jawmjmldpa fdpmchaofhm{femõd l~rluf`a ead g|lr{f md|umpf`f lh jmuja föa ld v|l ae|rrl hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f$ @au hlep|rfu } |d eadghmepa Ld hau `au `ae|jldpau rlulöf`au ul ld|demfd fhc|dau `l hau ~rmdem~fhlu gfeparlu chaofhlu } haefhlu v|l eadgh|}lrad ld |d jajldpa `lplrjmdf`a `lplrjmdf`a ld Eaebfof Eaebfofjof jof } v|l ~lrjmpmlrad v|l |d jawmjmldpa uaemfh haefh fjomldpfh fjomldpfh hacrfrf rlwlrpmr hf pld`ldemf chaofh `l ~rmwfpm{f ~rmwfpm{femõd emõd `l hau rle|ruau dfp|rfhlu } `l hau ulrwmemau fjomldpfhlu$ Hf `|fhm`f` `l hau gfeparlu mdplrdau } lplrdau eaja l~hmefpmwau `l hf C|lrrf `lh Fc|f uad ehfrfjldpl ulöfhf`au ~ar Erlu~a } Glrdæd`l{; ©Eaebfofjof fhefd{õ u|u hacrau da pfdpa ~arv|l p|wmlrf hf ‒rf{õd”( a v|l ~aul}lrf |d ‒jlkar frc|jl frc|jldpa” dpa” umda g|d`fjldp g|d`fjldpfhjldpl fhjldpl ~arv|l( ~ar |d hf`a( u|~a mj~hlj mj~hljldpfr ldpfr |d eadk|dp eadk|dpaa `l ~ræepmef ~ræepmefuu `mue|rumwfu } uaemfhlu `l rlumupldemf9 } ~ar apra( f~rawlebõ emre|dupfdemfu lplrdfu v|l gfemhmpfrad lh ~raelua¹
MDPL_^_LPFEMÕD @L _LU\HPF@AU Ead pa`a ha fdplu wmupa } ead pa`a }f `ljauprf`a hhlcfjau f emlrpfu eadeh|umadlu v|l hfu `lpfhhfjau f eadpmd|femõd( ~rmjlra l~hmefd`a pa`au hau rlu|hpf`au } ~hfdplfd`a fhc|dfu m`lfu v|l f}|`fræd ld lh f~rawlebfjmldpa `lh fc|f ld pa`a lh j|d`a } h|lca l~hmefd`a pa`a ha rlglrldpl fh fc|f ld d|lupra ~fêu } lu~leêgmefjldpl lu~leêgmefjldpl ld Eaebfofjof( Eaebfofjof( h|cfr `ad`l lupl rle|rua j|} dlelufrma lu j|} ~rlemf`a } ~ar hf e|fh hf ~aohfemõd h|ebõ ld eadprf `l fh{fu `l ~rlemau ld hau jmujau$ jmujau$ Eadulrwfemõd } f~rawlebfjmldpa `l hau rle|ruau bê`rmeau
<6
^rluemd`mld`a `lh |ua v|l ul hl `í fh fc|f ‐ulf ~frf hf fcrme|hp|rf( hf md`|uprmf a hau ulrw ulrwme mema mauu j|dm j|dmem em~f ~fhl hlu‐ u‐ bf} bf} crfd crfd`l `luu ~aum ~aumom omhm hm`f `f`l `luu `l jlka jlkarf rfrr u| eadu eadulr lrwf wfem emõd õd } f~rawlebfjmldpa$ Lh fc|f ul `lu~lr`memf ld efum pa`fu ~frplu$ Bfupf v|l rlfhjldpl luefulf( efum pa`au hau ~fêulu } efum pa`fu hfu ~lruadfu eadum`lrfd dfp|rfh pldlr feelua fh fc|f `|hel$ /Pldljau v|l `lkfr `l wmwmr eaja um p|wmírfjau u|jmdmuprau mdgmdmpau `l fc|f } lj~l{fr f rleadaelr v|l `loljau hm`mfr ead ulrmfu rluprmeemadlu/( bfd f`wlrpm`a Gfhildjfri } u|u eahlcfu$ Hf ~rlc|dpf f pada ead hf rlfhm`f` da lu /±e|ædpf fc|f dlelumpfjau } `õd`l hf eadulc|mjau1/ umda /±e|ædpf fc|f bf} } eõja ~a`ljau f~rawlebfrhf jlkar1/ A ulf v|l `loljau rlc|hfr jlkar hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f ld h|cfr `l eadpmd|fr eadeldpræd`adau ld |df clupmõd armldpf`f bfemf lh u|jmdmupra$ Ld ha v|l rlu~lepf f hf `ljfd`f( |df wfrml`f` `l jl`m`fu leadõjmefu( f`jmdmuprfpmwfu } eaj|dmpfrmfu ~|l`ld f}|`fr f eadulrwfr fc|f mdjl`mfpfjldpl$ F hf hfrcf( hf `lufelhlrfemõd `lh erlemjmldpa `l hf ~aohfemõd eadprmo|mræ f eadpldlr lh mderljldpa `l hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f } f}|` f}|`fr frææ f cfdf cfdfrr jæu jæu pmlj pmlj~a ~a ~frf ~frf lhfo lhfoar arfr fr jlka jlkarl rluu lupr luprfp fplc lcmf mfuu `l eadu eadulr lrwf wfem emõd õd } f~rawlebfjmldpa `lh fc|f$ Fcrme|hp|rf; ~ra`|emr jæu ead jldau ^|lupa v|l hf fcrme|hp|rf |pmhm{f efum lh 3>, `lh fc|f lprfê`f ld pa`a lh j|d`a `l rêau( hfcau } fe|êglrau u|oplrrædlau ~frf |ua b|jfda( b |jfda( lh mderljldpa mderljldpa `l hf lgmemldemf `l hf fcrme|hp|rf `l rlcf`êa lu ha v|l jf}arlu ~aumomhm`f`lu ~aumomhm`f`lu agrlel ~frf hf eadulrwfemõd `lh fc|f$ ^ar lklj~ha( um ul f|jldpfrf ld uõha 6>, hf lgmemldemf `lh rmlca ld hf hhfd|rf `lh Md`a( ld ^fimupæd( ul lupmjf v|l ~a`rêfd rlcfrul ? jmhhadlu jæu `l blepærlfu `l pmlrrfu `l hforfd{f$ Ld u| jf}arêf( hau umupljfu `l rmlca `lu~lr`memfd fc|f$ ^ar ha eajûd( uõha ldprl 6<, } <>, `lh fc|f lprfê`f ~frf hf fcrme|hp|rf fcrme|hp|rf `l rlcf`êa hhlcf f hf {adf `l e|hpmwau$ Hf jf}ar ~frpl ul ~mlr`l ~ar fouaremõd ld hfu felv|mfu da rlwlupm`fu( rlwlupm`fu( ~ar hfu g|cfu `l hfu efölrêfu( a ~ar lwf~arfemõd fdplu `l hhlcfr f hau efj~au `l e|hpmwa$ Um omld ~frpl `lh fc|f /~lr`m`f/ ld hau umupljfu `l rmlca mdlgmemldplu rlpardf f hfu earrmldplu `l fc|f a fe|êglrau( `l `ad`l ~|l`l wahwlr f lprflrul( u| efhm`f` ul bf `lcrf`f`a ~ar aorf `l hau ~hfc|mem`fu( glrpmhm{fdplu } ufhlu
v|l ul lue|rrld ~ar lh u|lha$ Hau umupljfu `l rmlca `lgmemldpljldpl ~hfdlf`au } eadupr|m`au bfd hmjmpf`a lh rld`mjmldpa `l hf jmpf` `l pa`fu hfu pmlrrfu `l rlcf`êa$ ^frf`õkmefjldpl( f|d e|fd`a hhlc|l ld efdpm`f` u|gmemldpl f hfu pmlrrfu fcrêeahfu( lh fc|f `l rmlca ~|l`l lupra~lfr crfd ~frpl `l hfu pmlrrfu f jldau v|l ul `rldl `l jfdlrf f~ra~mf`f$ Lu~lemfhjldpl ld j|ebfu {adfu ærm`fu( hfu ufhlu v|l lmupld dfp|rfhjldpl ld lh u|lha `lold `rldfrul ead lh rmlca ~ar luearrldpêf$ Um ul `lkfd fe|j|hfr ld lh u|lha( hhlcfræd gmdfhjldpl f hf u|~lrgmeml( ldwldldfd`a hf pmlrrf$ F`ljæu( lh fc|f `l rmlca `lgmemldpljldpl `rldf`f ~|l`l lhlwfr hf ef~f grlæpmef bfupf hhlcfr f hf fhp|rf `l hf rfê{( fdlcfd`a } fbacfd`a hau e|hpmwau$ F luefhf j|d`mfh( |dau 2> jmhhadlu `l blepærlfu `l pmlrrfu fcrêeahfu ul bfd `lcrf`f`a ~ar |df eajomdfemõd `l ufhmdm{femõd } fdlcfjmldpa$ Jlkarfjmldpa `l hf lgmemldemf `lh rmlca$ Wfrmau ~fêulu lupæd lj~löf`au ld jlkarfr hf lgmemldemf `lh rmlca( fbarrfd`a fuê fc|f } ~raplcmld`a ~raplcmld`a hf pmlrrf$ Lh rmlca ~ar capla lu |df `l hfu píedmefu( eadumupldpl eadumupldpl ld |df rl` `l p|oau ~arauau a ~lrgarf`au( mdupfhf`au mdupfhf`au cldlrfhjldpl ld hf u|~lrgmeml u|~lrgmeml a ofka pmlrrf( v|l hhlwfd lh fc|f `mrlepfjldpl f hfu {adfu `l hfu rfêelu `l hau e|hpmwau$ Jl`mfdpl lupf píedmef ul jfdpmldld ofkfu hfu ~ír`m`fu ~ar lwf~arfemõd( ead |df pfuf `l lgmemldemf `lh =<,$ Ul lupmjf v|l ld hau umupljfu `l rmlca ~ar capla lh |ua `lh fc|f ul rl`|el `l |d 0>, f 7>,( ld eaj~frfemõd ead hau umupljfu `l rmlca ~ar crfwl`f`$ Ld hau föau ulpldpf hau umupljfu `l rmlca ~ar capla ul f~hmefrad j|d`mfhjldpl uõha ld <7$>>> blepærlfu( uaorl pa`a ~frf u|jmdmuprfr fc|f f hfu barpfhm{fu } gr|pfhlu ld F|uprfhmf( Murflh( Jímea( Jímea( D|lwf [lhfd`mf( U|`ægrmef } hau Lupf`au \dm`au$ Ld 6==6 luf emgrf ul bfoêf lhlwf`a f 6(7 jmhhõd `l blepærlfu$ F|dv|l lupf ærlf eadupmp|}l jldau `lh 6, `l pa`fu hfu pmlrrfu `l rlcf`êa `lh j|d`a( lh rmlca ~ar capla ul |pmhm{f lpldufjldpl ld fhc|dau ~fêulu$ Murflh( ~ar lklj~ha( ul wfhl `lh rmlca ~ar capla ld <>, `l pa`f lh ærlf `l rlcf`êa "60?-$ Apra jípa`a `l eadulrwfemõd ~rajmuarma ‐hf f~hmefemõd `l ~rlemumõd ead ofka |ua `l ldlrcêf "HL^F( `lh mdchíu- agrlel eadum`lrfohlu jlkarfu ld rlhfemõd ead hau umupljfu `l fu~lrumõd earrmldplu( v|l lu~freld fc|f ld lh fmrl$ Ld lh jípa`a HL^F ul hhlwf lh fc|f f hau
<5 e|hpmwau jl`mfdpl p|oau caplf`arlu v|l ul lpmld`ld `lh orf{a `lh raemf`ar$ E|fd`a ul f~hmef k|dpa ead hfu píedmefu fcrêeahfu `l fbarra `l fc|f( lupl jípa`a ~|l`l pldlr |df lgmemldemf jæmjf `lh =<,$ Eaja lupl jípa`a g|demadf ead ofkf ~rlumõd( hau eaupau ldlrcípmeau ul rl`|eld `l |d ?>, f |d <>,( ld eaj~frfemõd ead hau umupljfu earrmldplu$ Hau fcrme|hparlu `l Plfu v|l bfd ja`mgmef`a hau umupljfu `l fu~lrumõd earrmldplu ead lh HL^F( bfd dapmgmef`a v|l u| ~ra`|eemõd bf f|jldpf`a bfupf |d ?>, } v|l ld |da a `au föau rle|~lrfrad hau eaupau `l mdwlrumõd$ Jípa`au `l rmlca ~frf hf ~aohfemõd r|rfh ~aorl$ D|jlrauau D|jlrauau ~fêulu ld `lufrrahha `lufrrahha da `mu~adld `l hau jl`mau ~frf mdwlrpmr ld píedmefu eaja hf `l rmlca ~ar capla } lh HL^F$ ^lra hfu ~rlumadlu ~frf fhmjldpfr hfu ~aohfemadlu r|rfhlu ræ~m`fjldpl erlemldplu rlv|mlrld v|l ul f~rawlebld jlkar hau luefuau rle|ruau `l fc|f `|hel$ Ld j|ebfu rlcmadlu v|l ldefrfd ead`memadlu lupfemadfhlu `l fc|`f lueful{ `l fc|f( hau hau ~ra}l ~ra}lep epau au `l ead eadulr ulrwfe wfemõ mõdd lupæd lupæd eahfoa eahfoarfd rfd`a `a ead fcrme fcrme|h |hpa parlu rlu efj~lu efj~lumd mdau au ld hf eadupr|eemõd `l ~lv|löau lupfdv|lu ~frf rleaclr } fhjfeldfr fc|f ld hf lupfemõd hh|wmauf } |pmhm{frhf ld hf lupfemõd ulef$ F`lj F` ljæu( æu( ld ~frpl ~frpluu `lh `lh lupl lupl `l Ægrmef Ægrmef(( hau hau fcrme fcrme|hp |hparl arluu `l u|oumu u|oumupl pldem demff rle|r rle|rrl rldd f hf /rleahleemõd `lh fc|f/ ‐fdpmc|fu píedmefu v|l eadumupld ~rmdem~fhjldpl ld efwfr ~a{au ~rag|d`au elref `l ef`f ~hfdpf ~frf rleaclr } fhjfeldfr fhjfeldfr fc|f `l hf lupfemõd hh|wmauf } |pmhm{frhf `|rfdpl hf lupfemõd ulef "5<( 627-$ Apra jípa`a prf`memadfh eadumupl ld eahaefr hfrcfu bmhlrfu `l ~ml`rfu f ha hfrca `l hfu e|rwfu `lh plrrlda ld u|fwl `lehmwl ~frf eadpldlr hf luearrldpêf } lu~fremr lh fc|f ld |d ærlf jæu fj~hmf$ Lupl jípa`a( m`lf`a ld hf rlcmõd `l ]fpldcf( `l O|rimdf Gfua( ul f~hmef fbarf ld jæu `l 2$>>> blepærlfu ld 0>> fh`lfu `l `mupmdpfu ~frplu `lh ~fêu$ Pfjomíd ul lj~hlf ld Ild}f } lh Dêclr$ Ead lupl jípa`a( eajomdf`a ead hf ~ræepmef `l hf rleahleemõd `lh fc|f( hf ~ra`|eemõd fcrêeahf bf f|jldpf`a ld |d <>,$ _le|~lrfemõd `l hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu |rofdfu$
<0 Wfrmau ~fêulu efdfhm{fd hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu |rofdfu prfpf`fu `l hau ~|lohau } em|`f`lu bfemf hfu gmdefu elrefdfu `ad`l ul e|hpmwfd barpfhm{fu } gr|pfhlu$ Fep|fhjldpl( ~ar ha jldau jl`ma jmhhõd jmhhõd `l blepærlfu blepærlfu `l 6< ~fêulu ul rmlcfd ead fc|fu ulrwm`fu |rofdfu prfpf`fu( prfpf`fu( cldlrfhjldpl `ldajmdf`fu /fc|fu ~fr`fu/$ Murflh pmldl lh ~racrfjf `l fc|fu ~fr`fu jæu fjomemaua `l pa`au hau ~fêulu$ Efum pa`fu hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu `l Murflh ul `l~|rfd } w|lhwld f |pmhm{frul ~frf rlcfr ?>$>>> blepærlfu `l pmlrrfu `l hforfd{f$ Fhc|dau ~fêulu ld `lufrrahha pfjomíd lj~hlfd lupf píedmef;
Ld hf em|`f` `l Jímea hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu |rofdfu prfpf`fu rmlcfd } glrpmhm{fd glrpmhm{fd efj~au `l fhgfhgf$ Hf fhgfhgf( f u| wl{( ul wld`l eaja garrfkl f fcrme|hparlu `l ~lv|löf luefhf v|l erêfd eaof}au } eadlkau$
\d plrema `l hfu wlr`|rfu e|hpmwf`fu ld Fujfrf( Lrmprlf( ul rmlcf ead fc|fu ulrwm`fu |rofdfu prfpf`fu$
Ld H|ufif( [fjomf( hau ae|~fdplu mhlcfhlu `l |df `l hfu ofrrmf`fu jæu crfd`lu rmlcfd hfu barpfhm{fu ead fc|fu ulrwm`fu `l hau lupfdv|lu ehfrmgmef`arlu elrefdau$
Ld fhc|dau h|cfrlu ul f~hmef lh jmuja eadel~pa `l jfdlrf `mglrldpl$ ^ar lklj~ha( ld Efhe|pf( Md`mf( crfd ~frpl `l hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu umd prfpfr ul efdfhm{fd f |d umupljf `l hfc|dfu dfp|rfhlu `ad`l ul erêfd ~lelu$ Hfu 5$>>> blepærlfu `l hfc|dfu `l hf em|`f` ~ra`|eld |dfu 7$>>> padlhf`fu jíprmefu `l ~luef`a ~ar föa ~frf hau eadu|jm`arlu |rofdau$ Lh ~luef`a da ~rluldpf rmlucau ~frf hf ufh|` ~|lu hfu hfc|dfu fouarold } hmj~mfd hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu$ ^lra f jldau v|l hfu fc|fu ulrwm`fu rlemofd fhcûd prfpfjmldpa prfpfjmldpa ~rlwma( ulf `l hau ~fdpfdau dfp|rfhlu a `l hfu ~hfdpfu `l prfpfjmldpa( ~|l`ld prfdujmpmr arcfdmujau ~fpõcldau f hfu wlr`|rfu } gr|pfu } ~adlr ld ~lhmcra hf ufh|` b|jfdf$ Lufu píedmefu `l prfpfjmldpa dfp|rfh `lh fc|f( eaja hf v|l bfel |ua `l hau ~fdpfdau( ~|l`ld ulr f jld|`a |df ~aumomhm`f` ~aumomhm`f` ld h|cfr `l hau umupljfu umupljfu ja`lrdau `l prfpfjmldpa prfpfjmldpa `lh fc|f v|l uad `ljfumf`a eaupauau ~frf hfu {adfu |rofdfu ~aorlu `l hau ~fêulu ld `lufrrahha$ Lh rlemehfkl `l `lulebau ead gmdlu fcrêeahfu jl`mfdpl lh |ua `l hfc|dfu `l am`femõd } hfc| hfc|dfu dfu fmrlf fmrlf`fu `fu da rlv|ml rlv|mlrl rl pfdpf pfdpf pmlr pmlrrf rf eaja eaja u|lhl u|lhl u|~adl u|~adlrul rul$$ F` F`lj ljæu( æu( rl`|e rl`|ell hf eadpfjmdfemõd } hf dlelum`f` `l glrpmhm{fdplu } f jld|`a ~|l`l hacrfrul ead /pledahacêf `l
<< ~lv|löf luefhf } `l ofka eaupa ofuf`f ld hfu prf`memadlu prf`memadlu haefhlu( haefhlu( `lueldprfhm{f`f `lueldprfhm{f`f } leahõcmefjldpl fpmdf`f/( `l fe|lr`a ead lh mdcldmlra bm`rõhaca Kfd|u Dmlje{}dasme{$ Eadulrwfemõd j|dmem~fh ^frf eadulrwfr fc|f `lupmdf`f fh |ua ~lruadfh ld hfu em|`f`lu "mdeh|umwl hf `l |ua `ajíupmea } j|dmem~fh- ul rlv|mlrl rlc|hfr pfdpa lh u|jmdmupra eaja hf `ljfd`f `l fc|f$ Crfd ~frpl `lh fc|f u|jmdmuprf`f ~ar hfu j|dmem~fhm`f`lu ul ~mlr`l fdplu `l hhlcfr f hau eadu|jm`arlu( ~ar g|cfu ld hfu efölrêfu ~rmdem~fhlu( p|olrêfu } crmgau( a ~ar lprfírulhf `l crmgau mhlcfhlu$ F`ljæu( e|fd`a hau eadu|jm`arlu pmldld feelua eadwldmldpl fh fc|f earrmldpl( |ufd j|eba jæu `l ha v|l rlfhjldpl dlelumpfd$ Ld hau Lupf`au \dm`au( ~ar lklj~ha( ul |ufd ~frf gmdlu ~lruadfhlu ~lruadfhlu 7>> hmprau ~ar `êf( pírjmda jl`ma( ld eaj~frfemõd eaj~frfemõd ead <> hmprau ~ar `êf ld hf Md`mf$ U|jmdmupra Lh u|jmdmupra j|dmem~fh `l fc|f ldgrldpf ~raohljfu ld efum pa`fu ~frplu$ Ld |df lde|lupf rlfhm{f`f rlfhm{f`f ld 6=27 `l 6< em|`f`lu em|`f`lu hfpmdafjlrmefdf hfpmdafjlrmefdfuu ul ldeadprõ v|l hau umupljfu j|dmem~fhlu ~lr`êfd ldprl ldprl 0>, } 3>, `lh `lh fc|f$ Ld hf Md`mf Md`mf jæu `lh 0>, `l pa`f pa`f lh fc|f u|jmdmuprf`f u|jmdmuprf`f ~ar hfu j|dmem~fhm`f`lu ul ~mlr`l ld prædumpa( fdplu `l v|l ~|l`f hhlcfr f hau eadu|jm`arlu "63>-$ F|d ld Jfhpf( |da `l hau ~fêulu ead jf}ar pldumõd bê`rmea( 5>, `lh fc|f `lupmdf`f f hau eadu|jm`arlu ul ~mlr`l ~ar g|cfu `lh umupljf$ Hau umupljfu `l fofuplemjmldpa j|dmem~fh da pmldld ~ar v|í ~lr`lr pfdpf fc|f$ ^ar lklj~ha( Cmdlorf( ld U|m{f( ~mlr`l uõha 65, `lh fc|f ld lh efjmda `l hf g|ldpl fh eadu|jm`ar$ Um ld hf jf}arêf `l hfu em|`f`lu ul fk|upfrfd hfu k|dpfu `l hfu efölrêfu } ul frrlchfrfd hfu g|ldplu `l fc|f ~ûohmef } hfu eadlmadlu `ajmemhmfrmfu v|l ~mlr`ld( ul rle|~lrfrêf jæu `l |d plrema `lh fc|f v|l fep|fhjldpl ul `lu~lr`memf$ Ulcûd ul lupmjf(]fifrpf( Md`adlumf( ~ar lklj~ha( ~a`rêf rl`|emr hfu ~ír`m`fu `l fc|f ld |d ?>, um ul rl~frfrfd hau eföau `l `muprmo|emõd `muprmo|emõd v|l ~mlr`ld( rle|~lræd`aul fuê efum 0<$0>> jmhhadlu `l hmprau `l fc|f ~ar föa( ha u|gmemldpl u|gmemldpl ~frf fofuplelr `l fc|f earrmldpl f 2>>$>>> bfompfdplu jæu$
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J|ebfu em|`f`lu ~a`rêfd rlc|hfr jlkar lh u|jmdmupra `l fc|f um ~|`mlrfd lhmjmdfr hau crmgau mhlcfhlu$ Ld hfu Gmhm~mdfu( ~ar lklj~ha( lh Eadulka _lc|hf`ar `lh Fc|f bf lupmjf`a v|l bf} |dfu ?>$>>> eadlmadlu mhlcfhlu ld lh umupljf `l fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f `l Jfdmhf( pfdpa `ajíupmefu eaja eajlremfhlu( v|l lprfld jæu `l ?>>$>>> jlprau eûomeau `l fc|f ~ar `êf$ Ld wmrp|` `l hau pírjmdau `l hf Hl} uaorl hf Ermumu `lh Fc|f `l 6==<( e|fhv|mlrf v|l ul lde|ldprl raofd`a fc|f ~|l`l rlemomr |df j|hpf a mr f hf eærelh$ @ljfd`f /Hldpfjldpl ul lupæ `mg|d`mld`a hf m`lf `l v|l lh jlkar efjmda ~frf hhlcfr f hf ulc|rm`f` bê`rmef lu hf rlc|hfemõd rlc|hfemõd `l hf `ljfd`f } da hf eadpmd|f h|ebf ~ar ufpmugfelrhf/( bf aoulrwf`a hf bm`rõhacf Ufd`rf ^auplh$ Ld hf rlc|hfemõd `l hf `ljfd`f ul f~hmefd wfrmau jípa`au ~frf eadul eadulrwf rwfrr fc|f fc|f(( mdeh mdeh|um |umwl wl ~ahêp ~ahêpme mefu fu leadõ leadõjm jmefu efu(( dapfoh dapfohlj ljldp ldpll hf gmkfe gmkfemõd mõd `l ~rlema ~rlemau9 u9 hlcmuhfemõd } rlchfjldpau( eaja hfu rluprmeemadlu f emlrpau pm~au `l |ua `lh fc|f9 uah|emadlu píedmefu( eaja hf mdupfhfemõd `l eaduprmeparlu fh ef|`fh `lh fc|f } ~frpmem~femõd ~ûohmef } eaj|dmpfrmf$ ^ar lklj~ha( ld hf rl|dmõd `l 6==2 `l hf Eajmumõd ~frf lh @lufrrahha Uaupldmohl `l hfu Dfemadlu Dfemadlu \dm`fu( d|jlrauau `lhlcf`au `lhlcf`au frc|jldpfrad frc|jldpfrad ld gfwar `l |d ~hfdplfjmldpa ~hfdplfjmldpa leadõjmea ld hau ~fêulu ead umupljfu f`le|f`au `l `muprmo|emõd `lh fc|f$ Ld lupau ~fêulu lh fc|f ~a`rêf prfpfrul eaja |df jlrefdeêf } wld`lrul f hau eadu|jm`arlu f ~rlemau v|l rlghlkld u| wfhar f gmd `l lupmj|hfr hf eadulrwfemõd$ Hau umc|mldplu uad aprau lklj~hau `l jl`m`fu v|l ~a`rêfd f}|`fr f rl`|emr hf `ljfd`f j|dmem~fh;
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<3 `lh 2>, `lh u|jmdmupra j|dmem~fh$ Lh oajola `lh fc|f u|oplrrædlf lprfl <>, f 2>, jæu fc|f v|l hf v|l w|lhwl f efrcfr dfp|rfhjldpl lh fe|êglra$ Eaja rlu|hpf`a( hau dmwlhlu `lh fc|f grlæpmef bfd ofkf`a( da uõha rl`|emld`a lh g|p|ra u|jmdmupra `l fc|f( umda pfjomíd aefumadfd`a lh b|d`mjmldpa `lh plrrlda } `föfd`a hau l`mgmemau$ Hf em|`f` bf pldm`a v|l mj~arpfr fc|f `l h|cfrlu ef`f wl{ jæu hlkfdau$ Hf em|`f em|`f`` `l Jíme Jímeaa bf foa foar`f r`f`a `a lupl lupl ~raoh ~raohlj ljff ead |df lupr luprfpl fplcm cmff ~ahmgf ~ahmgfeí eípm pmef ef `l eadulrwfemõd `lh fc|f$ Ld 6=2= lh caomlrda j|dmem~fh f`a~põ luprmepfu darjfu `l lgmemldemf ~frf pa`au hau d|lwau `mu~aumpmwau } frplgfepau `l hfu mdupfhfemadlu mdupfhfemadlu ufdmpfrmfu `ajíupmefu$ `ajíupmefu$ \d föa `lu~|íu u|omõ hau ~rlemau `lh fc|f( lupmj|hfd`a fuê f hau rlum`ldplu f mdupfhfr jæu crmgau } frplgfepau ead |ua jæu lgmemldpl `lh fc|f$ F`ljæu( hf em|`f` lmcmõ v|l pa`au hau d|lwau mda`arau mdupfhf`au mdupfhf`au da `loêfd |ufr jæu `l 7 hmprau ~ar `luefrcf `l fc|f( ld eaj~frfemõd eaj~frfemõd ead hau mda`arau earrmldplu v|l ~rajl`mfd 67 hmprau ~ar `luefrcf$ Ld 6==6 ul bfoêfd mdupfhf`a jæu `l 5<>$>>> mda`arau ead ofkf `luefrcf `l fc|f( fbarræd`aul fuê ?2 jmhhadlu `l jlprau eûomeau `l fc|f ~ar föa ‐ha u|gmemldpl ~frf ufpmugfelr hfu dlelum`f`lu `ajíupmefu fd|fhlu `l ?<>$>>> ?<>$>>> ~lruadf ~lruadfuu f`memadf f`memadfhlu hlu$$ Hau mdgarp|d mdgarp|dmau mau rlhfema rlhfemadf`a df`auu ead lh fc|f lupæd lupæd hlkau hlkau `l `luf~ `luf~frl frlelr elr(( ~lra ~lra ul bf hacrf hacrf`a `a rl`|em rl`|emrr hf a~rlu a~rlumwf mwf `ljf `ljfd`f d`f mj~|l mj~|lupf upf fh umupl umupljf jf `l fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f$ Ld hf jf}ar jf}arêf êf `l hau efuau efuau(( hf mdpra` mdpra`|ee |eemõ mõdd `l |df lupr|ep lupr|ep|rf |rf `l ~rlema ~rlemauu v| v|ll wfharl wfharl earrlepfjldpl lh fc|f ~|l`l efjomfr eadum`lrfohljldpl hfu eaufu$ ^ar lklj~ha( e|fd`a hf lj~rluf ~ûohmef rlc|hf`arf `lh fc|f `l Oacar( Md`adlumf( prm~hmeõ( } ld fhc|dau efuau e|f`r|~hmeõ hau ~rlemau `lh fc|f( lh eadu|ja `ajíupmea jldu|fh `l fc|f ofkõ |d 5>, ld jldau jldau `l |d föa föa$$ Hf lj~rl lj~rluf uf ~|` ~|`aa ead eadle lepf pfrr jæu jæu wmwml wmwmld`f d`fuu fh umupl umupljf jf lmup lmupldp ldpll `l fofuplemjmldpa `l fc|f } ul hmorõ `l eadupr|mr |d d|lwa umupljf$ Ld Oahmwmf( fh mc|fh v|l ld lh rlupa `l hau ~fêulu `lh eadpmdldpl( f ~frpmr `l hf `íef`f `l hau aebldpf( ul mj~hljldpf lh ja`lha leadõjmea dlahmolrfh eaja |df garjf `l rlfeaja`a `l hfu g|lr{fu rlfeemadfrmfu ld lh æjompa j|d`mfh( v|l fcr|~f`fu ld hau ~fêulu jæu ~a`lrauau `lh j|d`a( hau arcfdmujau gmdfdemlrau mdplrdfemadfhlu } hfu jæu crfd`lu prfdudfemadfhlu( v|l
<2 uõha uõha o|uef o|uefdd `ajm `ajmdfr dfr fh j|d`a j|d`a(( l~ha l~hapf pfrr d|l d|lupr uprau au rle|ru rle|ruau au dfp| dfp|rfh rfhlu lu } f|jl f|jldp dpfr fr u|u u|u cfdfdemfu$ Crfemfu f lupf ~ahêpmef( hau oahmwmfdau( eaja lh rlupa `l hau ~fêulu ~aorlu `lh j|d`a( bljau um`a `lu~akf`au `l pa`a d|lupra ~fprmjadma } d|luprau rle|ruau dfp|rfhlu( ~ra`|epa `lh lug|lr{a eahlepmwa `l bajorlu } j|klrlu$ Dau raofrad d|luprau jl`mau `l prfdu~arpl( prfdu~arpl( hfu efrrlplrfu( efrrlplrfu( hfu eaj|dmefemadlu( eaj|dmefemadlu( hau bm`raefro|rau( hfu gæormefu( d|luprfu pmlrrfu } da eadpldpau ead lupa( hfu prfdudfemadfhlu( } lh Ofdea Ofdea J|d`m J|d`mfh fh(( fuaem fuaemf`a f`auu f hau hau cr|~au cr|~au `l ~a` ~a`lr lr haefh haefhlu lu c| c|olr olrdfj dfjld ldpf pfhl hlu( u( v| v|mum mumlr lrad ad v|mpfrdau lh fc|f ~frf eadwlrpmr lupl rle|rua wmpfh ld |d dlcaema$ Ld Eaebfofjof( Oahmwmf( eldpra `l d|lupra ~fêu( ead jæu `l |d jmhhõd `l bfompfdplu } u| eldpra |rofda ead jæu `l 7>>$>>>( u|grmjau `lu`l bfel jæu `l <> föau( |df lueful{ `l fc|f$ Lh pljf `l u| `apfemõd bf um`a |pmhm{f`a ~ar ~ahêpmeau } lj~rlufrmau ~frf jfdm~|hfr f hf ~aohfemõd ~aohfemõd ld g|demõd g|demõd `l u|u mdplrlulu mdplrlulu leadõjmeau leadõjmeau } `l `l `ajmdfemõd$ `ajmdfemõd$ F~rawlebfd`a hf gmlorl ~rmwfpm{f`arf hau ~ahêpmeau caolrdfdplu `l d|lupra ~fêu ul fuaemfrad ead hf prfdudfemadfh prfdudfemadfh Olebplh( } ead lh fwfh `lh Ofdea J|d`mfh( v|l l~rlufjldpl ~rabmomõ fh caomlrda oahmwmfda e|fhv|mlr pm~a `l u|owldemõd ld hf uah|emõd fh ~raohljf `lh fc|f ld Eaebfofjof( ul ~rael`mõ fh mderljldpa `l hfu pfrmgfu `l fc|f$ Lh eadprfpa `l ~rmwfpm{femõd lup|wa feaj~föf`a `l hf ~raj|hcfemõd ~ar ~frpl `lh ^frhfjldpa Oahm Oa hmwmf wmfda da `l |df /Hl} /Hl} `l Fc Fc|f |f ^apf ^apfohl ohl } Fhef Fhefdpf dpfrmh rmhhf hf`a `a Ufdmp Ufdmpfrm frma/$ a/$ Fjofu Fjofu feema feemadlu dlu lupfpfhlu( ul ~ra`|klrad ofka |d ~raelua fouah|pfjldpl aue|ra } earr|~pa( v|l aefumadõ lh rlebf{a `l hf ~aohfemõd$ Hf gfhpf papfh `l erl`momhm`f` ld ~ahêpmeau( lj~rlufrmau } ld hfu /arcfdm{femadlu prf`memadfhlu/ `l hf uaeml`f` } ~ar u| fomlrpa eaj~rajmua `l íupfu ead hf ~rmwfpm{femõd `lh ulrwmema `l fc|f( ead`|ka f v|l efj~lumdau( cr|~au jl`ma fjomldpfhmupfu( ~raglumadfhlu } prfofkf`arlu `l hf em|`f` eaja aorlrau `l hf jfd|gfep|rf } jfluprau eadgarjld |df eafhmemõd `ldajmdf`f; /Eaar`mdf`arf `l @lglduf `lh Fc|f } `l hf Wm`f/$
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Lupf eafhmemõd u|rcl f eadwaefparmf `l hau ~aohf`arlu `lh efj~a } hf em|`f`( v|l ~ar |d lhljldpfh uldpm`a `l `lgld`lr hfu dlelum`f`lu wmpfhlu( eaja lh feelua fh fc|f( hhfjfd f hf ~aohfemõd ~aohfemõd f |dmrul$ Hf eaar`mdf`arf eadwaef f hf ~aohfemõd ofka hf ~rljmuf `l v|l lu |rcldpl eajld{fr f `lu~hlcfr feemadlu eadk|dpfu( eadk|dpfu( ldpld`mld`a v|l ef`f ulepar da pmldl hf g|lr{f u|gmemldpl eaja ~frf rlumupmr ~ar ul~frf`a( v|l da bf} ufhwfemõd md`mwm`|fh md`mwm`|fh } v|l lh omldlupfr omldlupfr uaemfh ul eadulc|mræ ~frf pa`au a da ul eadulc|mræ ~frf df`ml$ Ld hf Eaar`mdf`arf lupæd rl~rluldpf`au hau efj~lumdau rlcfdplu "fcrme|hparlu-( eajmpíu( eaa~lrfpmwfu eaa~lrfpmwfu `l fc|f } `l hf em|`f` } `lh efj~a v|l da lupfofd eadlepf`au eadlepf`au f hf rl` eldprfh } v|l ul bfd `f`a ja`au `l feel`lr f lupl ulrwmema( rl~rluldpf pfjomíd f hf cldpl v|l }f lupf eadlepf`f f hf rl` ~ûohmef } v|l lu u| jajldpa eadum`lrõ v|l hfu pfrmgfu lrfd mj~fcfohlu( lfclrf`fu } fo|umwfu$ Ld lupf eafhmemõd eafhmemõd pfjomíd lupæd rl~rluldpf`au rl~rluldpf`au hau prfofkf`arlu prfofkf`arlu umd`mefhm{f`au( v|mldlu ead u| l~lrmldemf f~arpfd ld hfu garjfu arcfdm{fpmwfu ld hau jajldpau `l eadghmepa$ Hf Ea Eaar` ar`mdf mdf`ar `arff bfo bfohf hf f dajorl dajorl `l hf ~ao ~aohf hfemõ emõdd v|l ul umldpl umldpl mcdar mcdarf`f f`f(( leh leh|m` |m`f( f( jldau~rlemf`f( fv|lhhf v|l bfupf fdplu `l hf `ldajmdf`f /C|lrrf ~ar lh Fc|f/ bfel |d föa fpræu( da ldeadprfof lu~fema ~frf a~mdfr( `mue|pmr } l~adlr u|u u|grmjmldpau( u|grmjmldpau( u|u rlfhm`f`lu } u|u lu~lrfd{fu$ Bljau ldeadprf`a v|l hfu fufjohlfu( efomh`au } ofrrmef`fu uad lh mdupr|jldpa ~rmdem~fh `l h|ebf } hmolrfemõd$ Luau bfd um`a hau h|cfrlu `ad`l dau bljau `f`a e|ldpf v|l da uõha ofupf rle|~lrfr hf `mcdm`f`( `ad`l da uõha bljau bleba ~aumohl hf rle|~lrfemõd `l d|luprf ~ra~mf wa{( umda fdpl pa`a( dau bljau `f`a e|ldpf v|l hfu fep|fhlu ead`memadlu `l lmupldemf uad( ldprl aprfu eaufu( ~ra`|epa `l lul cmcfdpluea raoa hhfjf`a /~rmwfpm{femõd/$ Hf Eaar`mdf`arf lu lh h|cfr `ad`l hf cldpl uldemhhf uldemhhf } prfofkf`arf( prfofkf`arf( bf eaj~raof`a eaj~raof`a v|l uõha f prfwíu `l hf arcfdm{femõd( arcfdm{femõd( hf uahm`frm`f`( hf eadgmfd{f j|p|f( ul ~|l`l ~lr`lr lh jml`a( `frhl
7> |d wlr`f wlr`f`lr `lraa ead eadpl pldm dm`a `a f hf `ljae `ljaerfe rfemf( mf( rle|~ rle|~lrf lrfrr } rlf~r rlf~ra~m a~mfrd frdau au `l ha d|l d|lup upra ra } prfdugarjfr d|luprf ump|femõd( d|luprf rlfhm`f`$ @ljaerfemf @ljaerfemf ~frf dauaprau( ld pírjmdau uldemhhau( lu; ±v|míd `lem`l1 ±\dau e|fdpau ~ahêpmeau } lj~rlufrmau a dauaprau( lh ~|loha uldemhha } prfofkf`ar1 Ld lh efua `lh fc|f dauaprau v|lrljau pajfr d|luprfu ~ra~mfu `lemumadlu$ Ofka Ofka lupa lupauu eade eadel~ l~pa pau( u( lh ~|lo ~|loha ha eaeb eaebfo fofj fjom omda da mdme mdmemõ mõ u|u u|u feem feemad adlu lu ld eadp eadprf rf `l hf ~rmwfpm{femõd ~rmwfpm{femõd `lh fc|f$ Jawmhm{femadlu Jawmhm{femadlu eadk|dpfu `lh efj~a } `l hf em|`f` eajmld{fd lh 66 `l ldlra `l ?>>>( ead |d ohav|la `l efrrlplrfu v|l `|rõ e|fpra `êfu$ ]f da lu lh jawmjmldpa umd`mefh `l prfofkf`arlu arcfdm{f`au lh eadplpa ~rmdem~fh `l `mue|umõd( lu lh d|lwa j|d`a `lh prfofka v|l bf erlf`a lh ja`lha lh v|l bf ufhm`a f hfu efhhlu( g|lrad hau mdgarjfhlu } hf mdgarjfhm`f`( hau v|l bfd pajf`a lh lu~fema( bfd pajf`a lh pmlj~a( ~lra uaorl pa`a bfd pajf`a hf ~fhforf$ Fh efoa `l lupf ~rmjlrf h|ebf ul eadumc|l gmrjfr |d fe|lr`a ead lh caomlrda ld lh v|l íupl ul eaj~rajlpl f rlwmufr pfdpa hf hl} `l fc|f ~apfohl eaja lh eadprfpa ead Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm$ @êfu fdplu `l lupfu jawmhm{femadlu ul bfoêf ~ra`|em`a |d mderljldpa ld hfu pfrmgfu `l fc|f ldprl |d 5< fh 5>> , ld fhc|dau efuau$ ^frf hfu gfjmhmfu lh mderljldpa umcdmgmefof v|l ef`f |df `l lhhfu `loêf ~fcfr( eaja ~rajl`ma( |df v|mdpf ~frpl "?>,- `l u|u mdcrluau uõha ~frf ~fcfr hf e|ldpf e|ldpf `lh fc|f$ fc|f$ \df ulc|d`f jawmhm{femõd ld glorlra v|l `|rõ `au `êfu( hacrõ `luofrfpfr lupl mderljldpa pfrmgfrma( `lu~|íu `l mdplduf h|ebf ld hfu efhhlu `l hf em|`f` ldprl ~ahmeêfu } ~aohf`arlu$ Ld jfr{a `l ?>>> ul rlfhm{a hf mdí`mpf /eadu|hpf ~a~|hfr/( v|l g|l hf ~rmjlrf ld hf bmuparmf `lh ~fêu$ F lhhf eade|rrmlrad `l jfdlrf wah|dpfrmf } ~frpmem~fpmwf jæu `l <>$>>> ~lruadfu v|l `mklrad ead ehfrm`f` v|l lh eaduarema `loêf mrul } hf hl} `l fc|f eadgmuef`arf } ~rmwfpm{f`arf ~rmwfpm{f`arf `loêf ja`mgmefrul$
76 Ld |df plrelrf jawmhm{femõd( jawmhm{femõd( mdmemf`f lh 0 `l formh( `ldajmdf`f `ldajmdf`f hf /|hpmjf ofpfhhf/( ofpfhhf/( } `lu~|íu `l aeba `êfu ohav|lfd`a hfu efrrlplrfu } `l hf ae|~femõd `l hf em|`f` ~ar ~frpl `l hf ~aohfemõd ~aohfemõd "lh |hpmja `êf ul hacra jawmhm{fr jawmhm{fr 6>>$>>> 6>>$>>> ~lruadfu- fh eldpra `l hf em|`f`( ul hacrõ l~|hufr f hf prfdudfemadfh } ul ja`mgmeõ u|upfdemfhjldpl hf hl} `l fc|f ~apfohl( uaorl hf oful `l |df ~ra~|lupf ~ra~mf `l hf Eaar`mdf`arf( eadupmp|}íd`aul eadupmp|}íd`aul ld hf ~rmjlrf wmeparmf `lh ~|loha ld ld eadprf `lh ja`lha( ja`lha( h|lca `l 6< 6< föau `l `lrrapfu$ `lrrapfu$ ^lra ~frf eadulc|mr lupf wmeparmf( da uaha p|wmjau v|l ldgrldpfr f hf ~ahmeêf( umda pfjomíd fh lkírempa v|l |pmhm{õ grfdea pmrf`arlu v|mldlu jfpfrad f |d kawld `l 63 föau "Wêepar B|ca @f{f- l bmrmlrad `l ofhf f jæu `l 6>> ~lruadfu$ Ld Oahmwmf( umd lupfu h|ebfu } lupf wmeparmf( da ul lupfrêf bfohfd`a `l eadupr|mr |df lj~rluf a~lrf`arf `l fc|f /f|paclupmadfrmf/ } ead eadprah uaemfh( ld ~hlda dlahmolrfhmuja$ Umd ljofrca( hf c|lrrf ~ar lh fc|f da bf plrjmdf`a; ba} lupfjau hmorfd`a pfrlfu ead j|ebfu `mgme|hpf`lu$ Bljau blrl`f`a |df lj~rluf ead ldarjlu `l|`fu( píedmefjldpl ~aorl( ead lh eadua eaduarem remaa v|l v|l rlehf rlehfjf jf |df md`l md`ljdm jdm{fe {femõ mõdd ~ar ?< jmhh jmhhadl adluu `l `õhfrl `õhfrluu ld prmo| prmo|dfh dfhlu lu mdplrdfemadfhlu `lh Ofdea J|d`mfh } |d caomlrda eadgarjf`a ~ar lj~rlufrmau l mdplhlep|fhlu v|l `lulf pajfrul /rlwfdebf/$ Lupau uad hau ~rmdem~fhlu `lufgêau } lu fbê `ad`l dlelumpfjau hf uahm`frm`f` } lh f~a}a `lh j|d`a ~frf `ljauprfr v|l apra j|d`a lu ~aumohl( v|l lh ~|loha lu ef~f{ `l eadupr|mr( ~ra~adlr fhplrdfpmwfu fhplrdfpmwfu } pajfr ld u|u jfdau hf uah|emõd `l u|u ~raohljfu ~raohljfu } `lem`mr ~ar uê jmuja$ @lu~|íu `l hf ufhm`f `l Fc|fu `lh P|dfrm ldeadprfjau `au pm~au `l wmeparmf; |df leadõjmef( }f v|l lh rlebf{a } eadclhfjmldpa `l hfu pfrmgfu bf umcdmgmef`a v|l ld Eaebfofjof ul v|l`ld jæu `l 5 jmhhadlu jmhhadlu `l `õhfrlu$ Lupa v|mlrl `lemr v|l ef`f gfjmhmf gfjmhmf fbarrf |d ~rajl`ma `l 7> `õhfrlu ~ar föa$ Lupf emgrf lu mj~arpfdpl um pajfjau ld e|ldpf v|l lh caomlrda ld hau ûhpmjau `ml{ föau bf f|jldpf`a hau ufhfrmau `l hau prfofkf`arlu ld |d ~rajl`ma `l < `õhfrlu ~ar föa } e|fd`a e|fd`a lh ufhfrma ufhfrma jêdmja jêdmja dfemadfh dfemadfh lu `l f~ldfu f~ldfu 73 `õhfrlu `õhfrlu ~ar föa$
7? Hf aprf wmeparmf lu ~ahêpmef( ~arv|l lh ~|loha bm{a k|upmemf$ Lh md`mwm`|fhmuja( lh fmuhfjmldpa } lh jml`a `luf~frlemlrad ofka lh lu~êrmp| `l hf uahm`frm`f`$ Hacrfjau rleadupr|mr |d plkm`a uaemfh v|l `|rfdpl 6< föau( } `lu`l u| mj~hfdpfemõd( lh dlahmolrfhmuja grfcjldpõ } `lupr|}õ$ Lh ~|loha oahmwmfda v|mlrl |df wlr`f`lrf `ljaerfemf( v|mlrl |d caomlrda v|l pajl ld e|ldpf d|luprf a~mdmõd } `lemumadlu ld wl{ `l hfu a~mdmadlu } hau mdplrlulu `l hau arcfdmujau gmdfdemlrau mdplrdfemadfhlu } u|u ~ahêpmefu dlahmolrfhlu$ V|l hf wmeparmf `l hau eaebfofjomdau( lul lug|lr{a eahlepmwa `l bajorlu } j|klrlu( ulf pajf`f eaja |df wmeparmf `l pa`au( da uaha `l hau oahmwmfdau } oahmwmfdfu( umda `l pa`au fv|lhhau v|l bljau mjfcmdf`a } uaöfjau |d j|d`a `mglrldpl fh `mulöf`a ~ar lh Ofdea J|d`mfh( lh Gad`a Jadlpfrma Mdplrdfemadfh } hf Arcfdm{femõd J|d`mfh `lh Eajlrema$ Ld lupl j|d`a ef`f `êf jæu chaofhm{f`a( chaofhm{f`a( d|luprfu l~lrmldemfu ul bfohfd$ Lu mj~rluemd`mohl mj~rluemd`mohl v|l d|luprfu h|ebfu bfcfd ha jmuja$
EADEH\UMAD Ld pa`a lh j|d`a bf} |d pljar ~ar hf gfhpf `l fc|f ld lh g|p|ra( ~lra dauaprau erlljau v|l lupa ~ar fbarf lu |d jmpa( }f v|l um ul `f hf lueful{ `l fc|f ld fhc|dau h|cfrlu `lh j|d`a( da lu ~ar hf gfhpf `lh jmuja umda ~ar hf jfhf f`jmdmuprfemõd `lh jmuja( lu~lemfhjldpl ld ~fêulu u|o`lufrrahhf`au u|o`lufrrahhf`au eaja lh d|lupra( ld lh e|fh bfeld gfhpf jlkarlu jlkarlu umupljfu `l `muprmo|emõd } arcfdm{femõd ~frf lh |ua umd v|l ~lrk|`mv|ld fh oahumhha `l pa`a lh ~|loha( efua v|l ul wma ld hf c|lrrf `lh fc|f `ad`l pa`a lh ~|loha ~raplupõ ~ar lh fh{f `l ~rlemau `l lupl rle|rua pfd ~rlemf`a$