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, an

I TI O N FO S

T he " P r og

r am d any or

i n di g,

t he P r og

O ND

r w w ork se.

t i m o w r i t h m o d i f i ca

l i m i t a t i o i n t n h t e e r m " m o d i f i ca

CD

he

l i L c i c en

r t he P r og

p o r t i o n o f i t , e i t h e verba r

ep

TER SE

ou r ec

se

pe

. T h e a ct o f r u n ni n g

d on t he P r og do

r am

es. ed

i um

, provi

de t d ha

at e co py r i gh t no t i ce an d d i scl ai m of er w ar a r r a nt y; a n d g i ve a n o y t h e r r e ci p i en t o s f t h e

t

an

t y; ke

ep

.

sf er

i ng a co

py

, an

d yo

u m ay you at

r op

t i on of f w er

ar

an

t p y r ot ec

t i on i n

.

2 . Y ou m m ay

od

an

d di st r i bu

co

n d i t i o n s:

i f you y t e su

r c op

Y ou m us

a .

or y c op

c h m od

i f i ca

t ca

us

r am

t i on o s r w un ork

e t he m od

or an po y

de

r t i on of i t , t hu f s or m i ng w a

r t he t erm

i f i ed f i l es t o c a

o s f S ec

r r p y r om

t i on 1 ab

i ne

ov pr e,

nt no

t i c e st s

b l i sh

,t h a tiw n

or ba k

ov

sed

i de

at i ng t ha

on t he P r og

d t ha

t yo

t yo

r am

u al so m e

u ch

an

ge

, an c o d

t al t lof he

d t he f i l es an

py se

d t he da

t e of an

y

change. Y o mu

b .

c .

u st c a

us a e n w y t ork

ha

t yo d u i st r i b u t o e r pu

P r o g r a m o r a ny p a r t t he Li c en se.

r e o f , t o be l i c e

I ft h e m o d i f i e d p r o g

r am

no

ns

h o l o e r i p n a r t co

nt a i n o s r i d s e r i ve f d r o m t h e

ed a a s w h o l e at n c o h a r g t e o al l t h i r d p art

r m al l r y ea

ds

c om

m an

ds i nt er act

i vel

wy

i e u s n d t er h e t e r m o s f t h i s

he

n r un

f suc or i h tn e r a ct i u ve se i t n h m e os t o r d i n a r w y a y, t p o r i n tdi or sp l a a y a n n no u nc em co p yr i gh t no t i ce a n a d on t i ce t h a t h i er n s w o a r r a tn (or y e l se , sa yi n t g h at yo u prov m ay r ed ( E xc e

i st r i bu pt i on

on t he P r og T h es req e P r og

r am

do no

t ap

pa w ho

r t of w a se pe

t e t he progam

: i f t he P r og r am

un r am

ni s ot r eq

i t se

de

r t he

d c an

be r ea

pl t y t o ho se se ho

son

ab

clo y

c t i on w s

lw e

hi ch ia s w ba ork

r m i si

on f s ot or

he yo n se

he

nsi

r l i ce

de

d u i st r i bu

d on t he P r og ns

e e s xt en

no

ep

en

t t e he r am

i t i on t do

un

w ho

r ed i nd

nd

i ve bu

ui r ed t o pr i nt an an

ui r e m e n t a s p p l t y t o he m o d i f i ed w a as ork , an

se c o

l f i s nt eract

c em

t i f i ab

l s e e ct i on o s f t ha

pa

r at w e

orks.

n t e st yo

an an

n t he

c au

a co no

se i t , w he

py t of hi L s i ce

un

ce

m en

B ut w he yo n

t w o r a k r n e ot d eri m sel

d t hu t s o ea

u r r i g h t ts o w o r wk

ves,

t he

d u i st r i bu

t i on of t he w l e, an

m ust

n st ar t ed r un

ni ng

ns

t , yo w ur

e. ba ork

se

d

t.)

ar at e w or i ks

t i r e w ho

w t o vi ew

r m al lp y r siuch nt

d sep

, t he di st r i bu

T h u s, i t i n s o t t h e i n t e n t o f t h i s s e c ti o n t o c l a i m ri g h t o s r c o

d t el l i ng t he us ho er t no

nt an

m se as

d t o he en

en

l e. I f i d en de

s, an es no

, you

e tn i n cl u di gn a a n p pro r i at e i d a e w ar an t y) a n t d h at u se r s

t t e he sa hol

c h an

d ev pa ery

ve f d r om

n t hi L s i cen

me r t r eg

ust ardl

r i t t e n e n t i r e l b y y o u ; rat

m se e be

t he se,

an

d i t s er m s,

c t i on as s o n t h e t e r m os ft h i s

es o s f w ho w r ot i e t . h e r ,t h e i n t e n ti s

L i c en

se,

t e o xe

3 .

r c i se t h e r i g h t t o c o

n t r o l t h e d i st r i b u t i o n o f d e r i va

Ia n d

i t i on

, m er a e g

r eg

P r og

r am

) on vo a

o e st f a

Y ou m ay c op t he t erm

l um

an y

at i on of an

d di st r i bu

of s S ec

t i on a 1 s

t e he P r og

pa i ny

A co yo

si c a

on

ec de w f a or

e d o n l f y o r n on

l e f orm

w i t h su

m ork

ea

r S ec t

i on i 2) n ob

u r d ce

i ng

i ne

om

i t a h w or ba k

j ec t

r t he sco

c od

- r ea

,c o a

sed

on t he

pe of t hi Li s

e ex c u or

t ab

da

bl e sou

r c e c od

f sof or

ce

ns

e.

lf e or m un

e, w hi ch m ust

t w ar i e nt er cha

a r s, t o gi ve an t y h i r d p art

i st r i b ut i on

r t he t er m o s f S ect

( w or de

de

r

:

ar i ul y sed

t h r e e ye

r am

r w un ork

m pl e t m e

i on 1 s an 2 d ab

a ch

ove

i ne

ng

y, f o r a c h - r e a da

on a m ed

i um

be di st r i bu

arge

no m o r e t ha

b l co e

p of y t h c o e

om

ar i ul y sed

c ust

t ed un

de

e; or , n

r r es

po

n di n g

f or

g e; o r ,

t i ve i a s l l ow ut ab

de

c ust

l i d f o r a t l e as

de

w i t h he P r og

di ng m ach i um

a se o d n t h e P r o g r a m .

ng t he ot he

o o ne of t he f ol l ow

r esp

r f o r m i n so g

r am

ot bri

d on i t , un

m p a ny i t w i t t h h i e nf o r m at i on yo rec u

a l t e r na

T he so co urce

an

do n es

ve on a m ed

t ed un

l l e c t i ve w o r b ks

on t he P r og i um

t yo a u l d so

pl et e c or d a 2 bo

l l pe y

sed

or b k ase

i de t d ha

e, t b o d e i st r i bu

f t w a r e i n t erc h

A co ex

w ( a or

r ov

i on 1 s an

st of p hy

r c e c od

so

r am

t ba

t i on m ed

m p a ny i t w i t h a w r i t t e n o f f e r , va u r co

sou

c .

r w or no k

t w i t h he com

t he t er m o s f S ect b .

ot he

o e r di st r i bu

nd a 2 bo p ve

A c om

a .

orag

t i ve o r c o

co

i ve a d t s t o h o e f f e r t d o i st r i b u t c e o r r e sp

m m e r c i al di st r i bu

c h an of f er, i n ac

ns t he pref

er

co

ed f orm

rwd

t i o n an

i t h S ub

of t he w f ork

se

m or

d on

l i y f yo

c t i on a b bo ak

i ng m od

ve

u r e ce

o n di ng so

i ve

u r ce co

de

.( T h i s

i n ob

j ec

t co

d t h e p r o g r am

d e or

.)

i f i ca

t i on t s i o t . F e an or

xe

cu

t ab

lw e

ork,

c o m p l e t e so urc e co d e m e an a s l l t he so u r ce co de f al or l m o d u l e i s t co n t ai ns , p l us a n a y so ci a t e d i n t erf a ce d ef i ni t i o n f i l e s, p l u t s he scri p t u s se d t o co tn r o l co m p i l a t i o n an d i n st a l l at i on o f t h e e xe cu t a bl H e. o w e ve r , a a s sp e ci a l e xce p t i o t n, h e so u r ce co

d e d i st r i b ut e d ne

co

m po

ne

ac om

nt ( s co

pa

ni es t he excu

I f d i st r i b u t i o o n f ex

4 .

eq

ui va

pa

r t i es n are

e d n o t i nc

l en

t ac

t ab

ec

t co

m pe py

e r t hi L s i ce

l i ce 5 .

ns

l , an s d o o of n)

j e ct co

l l ed t o c o

, m od n se

d ie ms

ot r eq

i f y, su

bl i c e

p y, m od

. H o w ev

ui r ed t o ac

ns

e, di or

i f y, su

ce

6 .

by m od

L i ce

n se t o d s o o, a nd a l l i t t s erm

E ac

h t i m e yo

u r ed

f r o m t he o r i g i na

7 .

i st r i bu l i ce

c h pa

st r i bu

j ec

t t e he P r og

r t i es r em ns si e,

r am

e yo

u ha

r am

( an or

r am

w y ba ork

ns ) , co

eq

u en

ce o f a co

u r t j u dg

n d i t i on a s r i e m po

m en

am

i nt en

de t d o ap

c t i o i n h s e l i d n va

pl a y nd t he se

alt or

l e ga h e t he

i m pl em

c h c l a i m s; t h i se en

t ed by pu

d i st r i b u t e throu d o r sh i e w s T hi se s

t co

m po

ne

nt i t se

lf

a t ed p l a c e

, t h e o n f f eri de

, ev

n g

en t ho

ug t h hi r d

pt as ex

pres l

p y r ov

i de u d nd t er hi L s i ce

yo u u n de

r t h i L s i ce

ns

e. A ny

l lt y e r m i n at e yo

u rr ig h t s

n se w i l l n ot h a ve t h e i r

e. ev

er, no

t hi ng el se grant

d on t he P r og

d on t he P r og

r am

r a m su

yo s

r o hi bi t ed b l y a w i f yo r am

) , yo

) , t he r ec

i pi en

t au

u pe

u d o no

u i nd

i ca

r m i si

t ac t e yo ac e ur

pt an

r a m o r w b orks t om

at i c a

b j e ct t t o h e se t e r m a s nd co

on t o

c e t pt h i L s i c e

n se

.

ce of t hi s

a se o d i n t . l lr y ec

ei ve a s l i c e

n di t i o n s. Y o m u

ay no

ns

e

t

o n si b l f e o r e n f o r c i n g

l d n pe ot

l e i s nt en

de

en

n se . I f yo i ga t i on

r m i t r oy

t o r f o r a n o y t h e r r e as

r e e m e n t o r o t he

al t y- f r e e r ed a yo y

u co

l i y n ot he

on ( n ot l i m i t e t d o pa

) t h a t co

n t r a di ct t he co

t en

t

n di t i o n o s f t h i s

u c a n o t di st r i bu t e so a t s o sa t i sf si y m u l t a n eo u sl y s, t he n as a co sn eq ue cn e yo u m ay on t di st r i bu t e t eh i st r i b u t i o n o f t h e P r o g r a m b a y l l t h os

u l d sa

t i sf b y ot h i t an

a b l u e n d e r a n p y a r t i cu d ta o p

r w i se

r ci r cu

l a r ci r cu m st an

ce

d t hi L s i ce

m st a n c e

ew h o

n se w o u l d b e t o

, t h b e a l a n ce o f t h s e e ct i o i n s

s.

u t o i n f r i n g e a n p y a t e n t o s r o t h e r p r o p e r t ri y g h t c l a i m o s r t o c o

n t e st va

l i d i toy f

c t i o h n a t s h s e o l p e u r p o se o f p r o t e c t i n t g h i e n t e g r i t o y f t h f e r e s e o f t w a r d e i st r i b u t i o s n ys t e m , w h i c h i s bl li c i cen

se pr ac t

iM c es.

g h t h a t sy st e m i rel n

de

si gn

t i on of t he so co urce

r a m iv s o i d , a nd w i l l a ut o m a t i ca

ed i t . H ow

u r t o r d e r , ag

an p y eo

i a n ce o n co

pl e ha

d t o m ak

e t ho

r ou

gh

lc y

ea

ve m ad

n si st e n t a p p l i c a

i l l i n t g d o i st r i b ut s e o f t w a r t e h r o u gh a ny ot h e r sy ct i on i s nt en

l es t s ha

r c i se o f t h ri e g h t g s r a n t e h d e r e i n . Y o a u r n e o t r e sp

r b co y

l i o d r u n e n f o r ce

I t i n s o t t h e p u r p o se o f t h i s s e c t i o n t o i n d u c e yo a n su y

p f y r o m a de

t i o n of p a t e n t i n f r i n g em

n se w ou

ct i on as a w ho

ce

se

r e c e i ve c o p i e d s i r e c t l o y r i n di r e c t l t y h r o u gh yo u , t h e n t h e o n l w y r e f r a i n e n t i r e l y f r o m d i st r i b u t i o n o f t h e P r o g r a m . I f a n p y o r t i o o n f t h i se

s, un

.

se o d y n o (w u

pl e , i f a p at e n t l i c e

ex

t si gn

L i c e n se , t h e d y o n exc u ot se yo u f r om t he co nd i t i o ns t of ih L s i ce yo ob ur l i ga t i on u s dn t er hi L s i ce sn e an d an o y t he r pe r t i en obl nt P r o g r a m a t a l l . F o r ex

l e r un

.

w y ba ork

se

n se

es

ut ab

yi n g, d i st r i b ut i ng o r m o d i f yi ng t he P r og

r e c i p i e n t s' e xe

i su

de

t i o ns p are

( an or

co

I f , a a s co

t co

T h e se ac

y, d i st r i b ut o e r m o di f t y he P r og

i es t o t h iL s i c e

o co

nt a s d s i st r i bu

m p l i a nc

ve no

t i ve w o r ks.

a s n c d o n d i t i o n f s c op r

r t c o op

e b t y h i r d p art

ec

i ve c d o p i e s, o r r i g h t s, f r om a i n f n u l l co

nc

ts

i st r i b u t e t h e P r og

i m p o se a n f y u r t h e r r e st r i ct i o n o s the n m p l i a nc

r ce o bi r n a r f y o r m w ) i t h t he m aj or

on w hi ch t he ex

n a g ce

i t h t he ob

n se d or

t i ng t he P r og

t e t he P r og

n so

t ed ( i n e i t h e sou r

em

m p e l ac c e ou

ho h av rec e

pt t hi L s i ce

i f yi ng di or

t he sa

st r i bu

b l i ce

m o d i f o y r d i st r i b ut e t he P r o g r a m o r i t d s e r i va r ef ore,

i ng syt

l on w g

er, p a r t i e w s

T he

erat

a d b e o y f f eri

de f r om

py t he so a urce

es t e r m i n a t ed so l o n a g su s

Y ou n are

t he op

l e.

ut a b l e ob or

a t t e m p t o t h e r w i se t o c o u nd

r ne

ce t s c o op t y he so co urce ot c o

Y ou m ay no

l u d e a n yt hi n g t h i at n s o r m al l y di st r i bu

m pi l er, ke

r w ha

e ge

t e m a n a d l i ce

t i b s el i ev

ne

r ou c o s

nt r i bu

t i on t s o t he w i de r an

t i o o n f t h a t sy st e m ; i t i u s t o p

ed t o be a c o

n se c a e ns

n n ot i m p os t e h at c h eq

ue

nc

e t of he r es

ge of sof

t w ar e

h e a u t h o r / d o n o r t o d e ci d e i f h e o i ce

t of t hi L s i ce

. ns

e.

r

8 .

I f t h e d i st r i b u t i o n a n d / o r u se o f t h e P r o g r a m i res s o r i g i n a l co e xc l

ud

L i ce 9 .

p yr i gh

i n g t ho

t ho

l de

se c o

n se i n c o

u nt r i es

r t a i n co

u n t r i e e s i t h e r b p y a t e n t o s r b c y o p yri

u n d t er h i L s i c e

ns

e m ay ad

ve

r si on w s

d an ex

, so t h a t d i st r i b u t i o n i p s e r m i t t e d o n l i y n o r a m o n g c o

r p o r a t e t s h e l i m i t a t i o n a i s f w r i t t e n i n t h e b o d o y f t h i L s i ce

T he F r e S of t w ar e F ou S u c h n ew

t r i ct e d i n ce

r w h o p l a c e t s h e P r o gram

nd

at i on m ay pu

bl i sh r evi

i l l b e si m i l i ar n sp

sed

an

i r i t o t he p r es

en

d/ new or t ve

n se

ver

r si on

pl i c i t g eo

u n t r i e n s t ot h us e xc l

g h t e d i n t e r f a ce

i ca

l di st r i bu

u d ed

. I n su

s, t h e

t io n lim it a t io n

ch ca

se

, t hi s

.

si on o s f t he G en

, b m ut

g r a ph

er al P ub

l Li c i cen

a d y i f f e r i n d et a i l t o a d

r e ns

se f r om

e w prob

t i m e t o t i m e.

l e m os r

c on ers. E ac

h ve

a p

l i e t s o i t a n d " an l y at e versi r

r si on ig s i ve

l at versi er you 1 0 .

m c h ay

on pu

bl i sh

o se

any

i ng ve

o n", yo

r si on nu

m be

u h a ve t h e op

si on publ ev r

ou

i shed

nd

t by

r . I f t he P r og

r am

sp

ec

i f i es a ve

r si on nu

t i o n o f f ol l o w i n g t h e t e r m a s nd co at i on

. I f t he P r og

r am

he F r e S of t w ar F e ou

nda

do

es no t i on

m be

r of t hi L s i ce

n di t i o n e s i t he of r t h a t ve t sp

ec

i f a y ve

r si on nu

ns

e w hi ch

r si o n o or

m be

f a ny

tr of hi L s i ce

ns

e,

.

I f yo u w i sh t o i n c o r po r a t e p a r t o s f t h e P r o g r am i n t o o t h f er r e e prog r a m w s h o se d i st r i b u t i o n c o n d i t i on a s r e di f f e r e n t , w r i t e t o t he au t ho r t o as f k pe or r m i s i on . F sof or t w w are ih ch ic s op yr i gh t ed by t he F r e S of t w F are ou nd at i on , w r i t e t o t he F r e S of t w F are ou dn at i on ; w so e m et i m m es ak e e xc e pt i on f s t or hi s. O dec ur i si on w i l lbe gu i de b d t y eh t w g o oa l of s pres r vi gn t he

W NO

AR

BECAU

L ED AN RS R ES

AN D

FI FO TNES

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R DA

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U s e d ju s t lik e it is u s e d in P E R L ; c o m m e n t s o u t t h e r e m a in d e r o f t h e lin e a f t e r t h e # s y m b o l.

/ /—

U s e d ju s t lik e it is in J a v a S c r ip t ; c o m m e n t s o u t t h e r e m a in d e r o f t h e lin e a f t e r t h e / / s y m b o ls .

/ * and

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C o m m e n t s o u t a n y th in g in b e t w e e n t h e t w o s e t s o f s y m b o ls . T h is is t h e s a m e s y n t a x u s e d in C t o c o m m e n t c o d e .

i s P n H P c ode:

< ? e ch

o "H

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e c h o "H e l l o "; / / p r i n t o s u t "H / * T h e f o llo w in g p ri n t s o u t "H ec

e llo "

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a r a c t e r s. T h # e c h

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sy e e n ,a l t h o u g h i ti s

s ti l l v a l i d . V a r i ab

l e is Pn

H P d are

$a = " H el l o W orl S t r i ng m s

us

e no

t e b d t y he " $". T a o si

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orl

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t r i n g = " T h e va

l u o e i f a $ s a";

/ / $ s t r in g = " T h e V a lu e o f a is 4 " ; P H P va r i ab l d es n o ot ah t ve b o d e ec l a ared eh ad of t i m e, on r do t he r y eq ui r a e t yp d e ef i ni t i on . N ot t e ah t yo m u g ay et w a arni gn ab us i ng un de cl ared va r i ab l es i f yo t u r t y o us t e eh m be f g ore i vi gn t he m a va l ue ( de pe dn i ng on oh w yo u se t up er r or ep ort i ng i n C hap

t er 8

) . F exam or

ou

t

p h p . i n i , se

pl e:

$a 4 = ; $b; + $a = $c / / $ c = 4 , b u t a w a r n in g a p p e a r s " W a r n in g : U n d e f in e d v a r ia b le .." . W arni

ng d s o no

t st op a sc r

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r i p tf r o m r u n n i n g .

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P H P var r exam

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ua

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n yo

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t a P arse

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ti n

$a 4 = ; $b = " 5"; $b; + $a = $c // $ c = 9 ; P H P al so su

p

ort b s o

l ea va n

r i ab

l es

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gn

ed ei t he

or a ne ze a or

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:

$a = t r u e ; 1; = $b //$ a = $ b $c = f al se 0; = $d

;

//$ c = $ d

T o p

O p er at o r s P H P su

p p ort f o r o pe

r a t i ors

n c l ud

e t s he f o l l o w i n g :

A r i t h m et i c O p er at o r s P H P sup

po

r t s he st an

da

rmd

at he

m at i c al

op

er at or s:

/ /M o d u lu s ( r e m a in d e r o f $ a / $ b ) : $ a %

$ b = 0

$a 4 = ; 2; = $b / /A d d it io n : $ a + b = 6 //S u b tr a c tio n : $ a - $ b = 2 / /M u lt ip lic a t io n : $ a * $ b = 8 / /D iv is io n : $ a / $ b = 2 / /I n c r e m e n t : $ a + + ( w o u ld e q u a l 5 s in c e $ a = 4 )

A si

g n m en

T he t w m o

ai a n s i

gn

t O p er at o r s m en

t op

erat

i ors

p n hp " are

= " an ". d " . T he eq

ua

l si s

gn sh

ou

l b d o e bv

i ou

s; i t as

$a 4 = ; $a; = $b // $ b = 4

C om P H P sup

par po

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r c om d

at or s pa

r i o son

pe

r at or s, sh as

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in n

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l1 e - 1

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r i ab

l e:

T ab

l 1- e

1. C o m p ar i so O n

p er at o r i s P n

O P E R A T O R $b = $a $a ! $ = b

t es

t i f t w o va

l u e a s r e e q ua

l

t es

t i f t w o va

l u e a s r n e o t e q ua

l

$b < $a

t e i st f t h e f i r va st

l u e i l s e s t h a n t h e se

$b > $a

t e st i f t h e f i r st va

l u e i g s r e a t e r t h a n t h e se

$b <= $a

t e i st f t h e f i r val st

u e i s l e s t h a n o eq r

$b >= $a

t e i st f t h e f i r val st

u e i s g r e a t e t r h a n o eq r

P H P al su so

p

H P

D E S C R IP T IO N

or t t s he st an

da

r i d ncr

em

en

t an de d

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co

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n d

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co

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n d co

n d

er at or s:

$a 5 = ; $a+; // $ a = 6 5; = $b $b- ; //$ b = 4

C o n ca T he " . " op $se $s $sen

en

t en erat

c on or

nt en

c e_

t en

ce

t enc

at i n g S t r i n g s ca

"Th = a

t en

at es t w v o al ue

qu e

i br c k

ow

_b = " f ox j um

pe

d. . . " ;

= _c

s:

"n ;

. $a $b;

//$ s e n te n c e _ c = " T h e q u ic k b r o w n fo x ju m p e d ..." ;

T o p

A r r ay P H P su i ndex

s p

ort b s ot h nu nam by

$ a = a r r a y(1,

keys) ed

m eri

ca

l ar

ay (ar s

r ay i t em

a s r e i nd

ex

ed by t he

i r nu

m eri

ca

l orde )

as w el l as as

so

c i at i ve ar

ay (ar s

r ay i t em

as r e

.

2 ,3 ,4 ) ;

//$ a [0 ] = 1 //$ a [1 ] = 2 //$ a [2 ] = 3 //$ a [3 ] = 4 $b = ar r ay(" an m e"=> " F r ed / / $ b [ 'n a m e '] = " F r e d "

" , " ag => e"

30

);

/ / $ b [ 'a g e '] = 3 0

T o p

I f / T h en S t at em O ne of t he m os ev

t co

en

ts

m m on P H P l an

al u at a e e n xp

r e si

on a nd t he

gu

ag c o e

n , de

p en

ns

t r uc

t t s ha

t yo w u

i l l en

co

un

d i n i g f i t i t s r u o e r n o t , t a ke c a ou

t i er t s he i f / t he st n r se o f a c t i on

at em

en

am

p le :

. F o r ex

t . T he i f / t he st n

at em

en

t al l ow

yo s

tu o

$a 1 = ; i f ($ a { ) ec

ho " T r ue

!" ;

} S i nc

e $ a = t 1, h en P H P i n t e r p r e t i s t i n t h e c o

n t ex

t o f t he i f st a t em

m e s a g e . L i t e r a l l yo y

u c a rea n

A no

hi t s i m e w i t h an " el se cl " au

t he

r ex

am

pl t but e,

e t nt o b e a b o ol e an t yp S e.

i d t a "I s f T r u e , t h e n p r i n t o u t "True se

i n c e 1 = t r u e , t h e i f st a t e m en

t p s r i n t o s t ut h e

! ".

:

$a 5 = ; $b "10 ; = i f ( $ a > $ b ){ ec i"$aho s great

er t ha

$b n

";

} e l se { ec i"$aho

not s

great

er t ha

$b n

";

} P H P d o es t h e e xp

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r t e h a t $ i a a s i n n t e g e r an $ d i b a s st r i ng

a l so i m p o r t a n t t o n o t tha e se

co

. I t r ec

og

n i ze t s h a t $ a b l so m a ke p a s

r e s i o n , " I f $ a i g s r e a t e r t h a n $ b t h e n p r i n t o u t t h a t $ a i g s r e a t e r t h a n $ b ; i f n o t ( e l se nd p art o f t he e xp

N ot t e he us o e f bracke O n e f i n a l e xa

t yo r es

u d o n ' t sa

si on

y, "$a

i l s e tha s

, t h e el se st a t e m en

t t s e o nc

l os t e he ac

m p l e i t s h e i f / e l se

t i on

$ n b , " si n ce i t i p s o s i b l tha e t , i t s h e p a r t t h a t r un

s. A l so no

t t e he l ac o k f se

r e t t g y o i d n t eg

e r as w e l l . I t t h en e va

lu a te s

) t h e n p r i n t o u t $ a in s o t g r e a t e r t h a n $ b . I " t ' s

t $ c a o u l d b e e q u a l t o $ b . I f t h a t i t s h c e a se

,t h e n t h e

s. m i co

l on w s

he

r t e he bracke

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d.

i f / e l se st a t e m e n t :

i f ( $ a = = $ b ){ / / d o s o m e t h in g el } se

i f( $ a > $ b { )

/ / dos m

et hi ngel

el } se

if ( $ a < $ b {)

/ / do ye } e l se

t so

se

m e t hi n g e l se

{

/ / i f n o t h i n eg l se w de to h i s.

.

}

T o p

S w i t ch S t at em I t n he C progam co da

en

m i ng l an

m p u t at i on t a, ev en t oh

st at em

en

$a "10 =

gu

ts

ag

e, sw

i t c h st at em

en

t su

p

ort arose

ou

t of t he ne

ed l f a or

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m et hi ng ex

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f u n ct i o n , si n ce t h i s i the s 63

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l ay t a ab

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e us

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t pu

basi

t s he i m ag

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e

f u n ct i o n :

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$ co

g e r ap

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m a t g h r a p h, so t he p oi n t ( 1 0 , 20

I M a g eS

t i ng som

;

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si st c r i ng f un ct i on t s ah t al l ow yo t u o pri tn t ex t on t o t he i m ag e. Y ou ca n on l u y se on b e as i f c on t an d t he r e are T ab l 1 e 1- 1 , b u t i t w o r w ks e l l f gr or a p hs an c d h art w s h e r f e l as yh f o n t a s r n e o t r e q u i r e d . T a o d t ex t y o o u r i m ag on

t S i ze

, $x $y1 1,

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p t

r n e r .T h e x

e :

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l1 e

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h at C an B U e

FS OI Z N E T

sed

f o r G D S t r i n g F u n ct i o n s

F O N T

S IZ E

1

g d F o n tT in y

2

g d F o n t S m a ll

3

g d F o n t M e d iu m B o ld

4

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p i x e8 l s x 1 5

5

g d F o n tG ia n t

p i x e9 l s x 1 5

T he ne gr ap

xt sc r

i pt c r ea

h w or a ks

S cri

t es s a i m pl g e r ap

nd t he ap

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pe

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d _g

h, sh

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ce of t he t ext

in n

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p ix e 5ls

3 . $w

re1

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p i x 7 e l xs 1 3

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si zes:

r id .p h p

1;

i dt 301; = h

4 . $i m ag I = e m ag 5 . $w

hi t = e I m ag

6 . $b

l = ue

I m ag

7 . I = $red

eC

r ea

eC eC

m ag

eC

t e( $w

i dt h, $h

ol or A l l oc a ol orA

l l oc

ol orA

at e($i

l l oc

ei gh

t);

t e( $i m ag

e, 25

m ag

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5, 25

e, 0, 0, 25

m ag

e, 25

5, 25

5) ;

5);

5, 0, 0);

8 . f o r ( $ i = 0 ; $ i< $ h e i g h t ; $ i= $ i+ 2 0 ) { 9 .

I m ag

e Li n e($i

m a ge

10.

I m ag

e L i n e($i

m a g 0, e,

, $ i $i , 0,

1.

I m ag

e S t r i ng ( $ i m a ge

12.

I m a g e S t r i n ($i g

, $ he

i gh

t , $b

$ i , $ w i d t $i h, $i, 1,

+ 0, 2,

lu e ) ;

, $ bl u e);

$ i ,$ r e d ) ;

m a g e ,1 ,2 ,$ i ,$ i ,$ r e d ) ;

1 3 . } 1 4 . I m ag

eS

t r i ng ( $i m ag

e, 1, 82

,2

, " S i ze F 1 on

t " , $red);

1 5 . I m ag

eS

t r i ng ( $i m ag

e, 2, 82

, 62

, " S i ze F 2 on

t " , $red);

1 6 . I m ag

eS

t r i ng ( $i m ag

e, 3, 82

, 10

2, " S i ze F 3 on

t " , $red

1 7 . I m ag

eS

t r i ng ( $i m ag

e, 4, 82

, 14

2, " S i 4 ze

F on

t " , $red

);

1 8 . I m ag

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t r i ng ( $i m ag

e, 5, 82

, 18

2, " S i ze F 5 on

t " , $red

);

1 9 . he

er ( " C on

ad

2 0 . I m ageP

ng(

2 1 . I m age

D est

t en

t - t yp

$i m age) r oy(

e: i m ag

e/ pn

g")

);

;

; $i m ag

8

p i x e6 l s x 1 3

1 . < ? 2 . $h ei gh 30t =

x

e) ;

2 2 . ? >

F ig u r e 1

- 2. g d _g

r id .p h p

e S t r i ng

( ) f u n c t i o n t s o i l l us

t r at e ho

w t he

S cri

p t1

- 1. g d _g

r i d . p h p L i n e- b y- L i n E e

L IN E

xp

l an

at i o n

D E S C R IP T IO N

2

D ef i ne a he

i gh

t of 30

1 pi xe

3

D ef w a i ne

4

C r eat

5

D ef i ne t he $w ih t var e i abl u e si ng t he I m ag eC ol or A l l ocat e( ) f unct 2 5 5, 2 5 , 2 5 ) t o be u se d b $ y i m ag e . I t i a s l so us ed a t s he ba ckg r ou

i dt of h pi 301 t e he base

l f s t or he i m ag (t e he ex

xe f l s or it he

t r p a i xe

l i so s

t ha

t t he f i na

l i ne on t he ou

t si de of t he gri i d vi s

si bl e).

m age.

i m ag u e si ng t he I m ag

eC

r ea

t e( ) f un

c t i on

, spec i

f yi ng t he hei

ght

and

w i dt d h ef i ned

i on. T he ar gu m en n d c o l f or o r $ i m ag

ear

l i er .

t al s l ow t he col or w hi t ( e R G B val ue e , si n ce i t i t s eh f i r st co l a or l o ca t ed t o

$i m age. 6

D ef ti ne col he

or bl al and ue

7

D ef ti ne col he

or al r and ed

8–

13

C r ea

9

l ow by uised tbe o l ow

i use t be o

t a e f l or o t p l o o t p hroug

W hi l e i n t he f l or o

$i m age. $i by d

m age.

a h nd draw

p, c r ea

t e a l i ne i nsi

l a i ne ev p 20 ery

de $i m ag

e f r om

4 0 , 3 0 1, e t c . ) . E a c h i t e r a t i o o n f t h e l o o d p r a w a s ve 2 0 p i xe 10

po r t i ca

l st s

art

i ng at t he co

i nt $i , 0 ( 0, 0 20

, 0 40

ordi

na

t 0 e , (up 0

, 0, et c . ) t o po

i nt $i , $h

l er ef t c o ei gh

t ( 0, 30

r ne

r of i m ag

1 20

, 30

e).

1

l i n f e r o m t h t e o o p f t he i m a ge t t o h b e o t t o m o f t he i m a ge sp

a ce a d t

l s f r o m l e f t t o ri g h t .

W ih l i e t n eh f l or o p, cr ea t a e l i ne i ns i de $i m ag f e r om po i nt 0, $i ( 0, 0 0 , 20 0, 40 , et c. ) t p o oi tn $w i dt ,h $i ( 30 1, 3 0 01 , 20 30 1, 40 , e t c. ) . E a ch i t e r a t i o n o f t h e l o op d r a w a s h o r i zo n t al l i ne f r o m t h e l ef t of h e i m a g e t o t h e r i g h t o f t he i m a ge sp a ce d a t 20 pi xe l s f r om

1

t op t b o ot t om

W hi l e i n t he f l or o f u nc

W hi l e i n t he f l or o

1 3

En –1

8

. p, c r ea

t e a sm

al l ab

t i o n. R e m e m b e r , I m a ge

12

14

i xe

p, c r ea

el t o di sp

S t r i n g($i

t e a sm

al l ab

l ay t he cu

r r en

m a g e, $ f o n t si ze

el t o di sp

l ay t he cu

r r en

t pi xe t lof he cu

r r en

, $ x, $ y, $t e xt , $c t pi xe t lof he cu

t ve

r t i ca

l i ne us

r r en

t ho

r i zo

nt al l i ne I m ag

d t h e f o lr o o p .

C r ea

t e som

e t ext

19

S t end

i he

20

D i spl t ay i he

m age,

$i m age,

21

D est

m f age

r om

m he age

r t oy i he

at var

i ou p s oi nt o s n t he scr

ader

t s t o us he

er br ' s t hat hav you

t ser he

ver

ow

se cr e

m em

e

n t d o i spl

ay t he var

i ou f s on

t ype

sent en

t o br he

s.

r. eat

or y, si i nce

ed. al thas

r be eady

i ng t he I m ag

eS

t r i ng

()

ol o r ) ;

ow

ser

.

eS

t r i ng

( ) f un

c t i on

.

A d

i ng Tr ueT

Y ou c a a n d be I m ag $ co

eT

ype

t t er-

lo

T F T ext

ki ng t ex

f s or I m ag

$i m ag

es us

gl $xc o e,

i ng T r ue

T yp f e on

r d, $yc o

or d,

t s. T he f un

ct i on t ha

t ac

ng t hi f s on

t.

co

m pl i sh

T F T ext

dl f er or t he i m ag i e w n

hi y ch

ou ar p e l ac i

T he a ng

l i e n n um

b of er

de

g r e es t h a t h t e e xt sl a nt s. N o t t e h at t h i s sn

h e n u si n g i t a l i c f o n t , b u t t h e sl a n t o f t h e "l i n e on "

' t t he sl an

t o f t h c e ha

o r d—

T h x e co

o r d i n a t i e t n h i e m a g o e f t h e bo

t t om

l e f t of t he f i r st ch

ar c t

e r i n $ t ex

t.

$ yc o

o r d—

T h y e co

o r d i n a t i e t n h i e m a g o e f t h e bo

t t om

l e f t of t he f i r st ch

ar c t

e r i n $ t ex

t.

ol or—

T he co

$ f o nt—

, gd

l of or

T h e l o ca

$t ex

t — T he t ex

_t ext

. ph

t he t ex

t . T hi m s

t i o n o f t h e T r u eT t ha

t yo

p, pr ovi

–2 g d _t ex

u w an

de an s

us

t be c a ol t or ha

yp

2 . $h ei gh 15t =

n previ

ou

sl a y l l oc

at ed t o t he $i m ag

t i n t he i m ag

m pl o e si f a

m pl G e

D i m ag w e

i t so h

m t e ext

, sho

w in n

t.p h p

;

4 . $i m ag I = e m ag 6 . $w

m ag

eC eC

r ea

t e( $w

ol orA

hi t = e I m ag

eC

i dt h, $h

l l oc

at e($i

ol or A l l oc a

ei gh

m ag

t);

e, 0, 0, 25

t e( $i m ag

e, 25

5);

5, 25

5, 25

5) ;

7 . $ f o n t = "a ri a l . t t f "; 8 . $t ext " = A dva 9 . I m ag 1 0 . H ea

eT de

nce

t ( $i m ag

e, 50

r ( " C on

t en

e: i m ag

1 1 . I m agePN 1 2 . I m age

d\ n\ r P H P " ;

T F T ex

t - t yp

G ( $i m age) D est

r oy(

$i m ag

, 0, 10

,5 e/ pn

, $w g")

r a c t e r t s h em

se

l ve

s, su

e.

e .

0;

i dt 30 h= l I=ue

t().

e F o f nt i l e ( . t t f ).

t t p o r i nt ou

exa

t ha b s e

1 . < ?

5 . $b

T F T ex

w h i c h t h e t e i xt s w r i t t e n .

$ xc o

$c

3 . $w

eT

( ) ar e:

T he i m ag h e an

l e—

a ws

p t1

es t hi i s I s m ag

— T he si ze of t h t e e xt , i p n o i n t s.

$ a ng

S cri

$an ze,

eT

e—

$ si ze

–2

r i m ag

r I m ages

t );

ent

S c r i pt 1

nt t o Y ou

t y o ou

( $i m ag $si e,

l o r $f , o n t $tex ,

T he ar gum

Fo

hi t e, $f on

t , $t ex

t);

;

; e) ;

1 3 . ? >

F ig u r e1

- 3. g d _t ex

t.p h p

F i gu

re1

-3

.

ch

S cri

p t1

- 2. g d _t ex

t . p h p L i n e- b y- L i n E e

L IN E

xp

l an

at i o n

D E S C R IP T IO N

2

D ef hei a i ne

3

D ef w ai ne

4

C r eat

5

D ef i t ne

ght

of pi 30

xel f s or it he

i dt of h pi 150

xel f s or ti he

e t he base

i m age

$ he

bl va ue

D ef ti ne col he

7

A si i nd

s, yo c a u

f i l j e; u st m ak 8

A si

l usi e

gn si a

I he

e( ) f unct

eC

ol or A l l oc a

m ag

kg

r i ab

t . Y ou ne

l l f y i nd T r ue

f yi ng t he hei

t e( ) f un

d co

c t i on

l o r f $i or

. T a he

m a ge

ed t p o l ac

st r i ng t o he $t ext

e t hi f s on

gh r gu

t and

w i dt h def

m en

t al s

i ned

l ow

, si nc i e t i t s he f i r st co

t f i l i e t n he sa

T yp f e on

t f i l i es C n

: \ W i nd

T yp

e f o n t h a t yo

u co

r e t he f i l e n a m e t of h e T r ue

m pl t e ext

spec i

ear

t c he

l i er .

ol or bl (R ue

l o r al l o c a

G B val

0 ue

, 0, 25

5) t o

t e t d o $i m a g e.

m age.

l e $f on

i ca

i on,

r o un

l ow $i by i used t be o

t n yp

e su

t ng

C r eat

. I t i a s l so u se a d t s he b ac

t f i l t e o t he va

ow

m age.

ng t he I m age

or w hi al t and e

gn f a on

IWn

usi r i ab

be u se b d $ y i m a ge 6

m age.

vari

ab

l e. Y ou c an

use

ow

m d e i r ec

s\ F on

t or s

p i y n t o t h e sa

t he synt

"\ ax

t f ory

r om

w hi ch t hi scri s

C : \ W I N N T \ f on

m e di r e c t a ory

n\ r " f or ne

t s hi sc s

w l i ne an s

pt i e s xe

cu

t s. Y ou c a u n a se r i p t i d s ef i ne

r d et ur ns.

S om

*ni e

t ed

T ny

.

r ue

d he

T yp f e on

re .

syt x

em

do s

n o t r e q u i r e t h e "\ r ". 9

A td

10

S t end

i he

1

D i spl

t ay i he

12

D est

r t oy

A d

$it o

sef

T cr o

eat b a e

I m ag

eC

$i m ag

Y ou c an an I d m ag i m age. T he I m ag

m age,

t you

c an

d t he

n su

ut t on n , you t eF

e = I m age

Y ou w ou

, an

an

t he l eng eS

eF i pu

f r om

T F B bo

ow

ser

t he ser

ver

m em

i on.

. eat

ed.

or y, si i nce

al t has

r b eady

en

sent

t o he br ow

ser

.

m ages i m po

r t an exi

st i ng i m ag t e w o

r i m po

se t ex

t on

t u o t se

w ne o

w G D f un

r si y

m pl f e un

P N G ( " bl ank_

l at $ e i m ag j e ust yo as

ta h nd w i dt o h f t he $i m age

x( ) f un

( ) f unct

t hat cr have you

pe

r om

Y ( $i m ag f e) un

eT

Text br ' s

$i m age,

P N G ( ) vei a s

C r eat

lt d he m n get

ed

r om

m ageT F

t s t o user he

t o B I ase

t t on

r ea

t ng I he

he i m age

ul ti n ha

e of a bu

m usi age m headr age

i ng Text

G D ial s u so i m ag

ext

c t i on

s, r es

c t i on i a s f ai r l c o y

wu you

pe

or w k

t o i t . T hi w s c t i on

ay

i t a h t s he ba o se , yo c u an c r ea

s. T hes

f unct

ct i on t ha

t j us

t c r ea

bl ue

_bt

t n. pn

ou

l i d f you

c r eat

c t i ve

m pl i c a

ia ons t a es

r I e m ag

t ed f un

i m ag

eC

w i m ag f e r om

t ed i t f r om

I m ag

eC

eF

r om

e. F exam or

pl e, you

t t on f s r om r ea

ne

t eF

t he ex

r om

on

c an

lo y ne ba

t ake

b a l an

se i m ag

P N G ( ) an I d m age

k

e f i l e. T T F B bo

x( ) .

i st i ng P N G f i l e:

g" ) ;

ha cr d

ea

u e si ng t he I m age

l y; S X an S d

n f a ew

t e m ul t i pl e bu

Y m ea S n

ct i on t ha

C r eat i o ze

t r et t urns

f t he X ax

he co

r ea

t e.

P N G ( ) f un

c t i on u by

i ( s t he w i dt and h)

r ne

r co

ordi

S i o ze

na

t es of a bo

si ng t he I m age f t he Y ax

un

i ( s t he he

di ng bo a x r ou

S X ( $i m age i gh

)

t ) of t he

nd yo t ur ex

t . Y ou

t

p r o vi d t e h s e i ze

, a n g l e , f o n t , a n tex d

t ca o

l cu

m uc s h pa

$t ex

t bo = x I m ag

T ab

l1 e 1- 2 l i st t s he co

1 -4

p

l at h e ow

r ov

eT

T F B bo

i de a s grap

st r i n o g f t h tex

c e yo t ur ex x( $s

t us

i ze

, $a

es ng

o r di n at e f s o r ea hi ca

l r ep

r es

en

a n t d h f e u n c t i o ret n

. U sa l$f e,

ge of t he scr on

t , $t ex

c h o f t h e e l em

t i s n t h e a r r a ret y

ay el em

F i g u r 1 e 1- 4. A r r ay E l em

T ab

l 1- e

o r d i n a t e i s a n a n r r a y. T h i a s r r a a y l l o w yo s

en

en

t i s n t he bo

u r ne

d f r om

un

di ng bo

t he I m a g eT

2. C o o r d i n at R es

et u r n f ed

r o m I m ag

1

c Y o o r d i n a t o t e h f l eo w e l e r h f t a n c d o r n e r

2

c X o o r d i n a t o t e h f l eo w e r i r g h t a n c d o r n e r

3

c Y o o r d i n a t o t e h f l eo w e r i r g h t a n c d o r n e r

4

c X o o r d i n a t o t e h f u e p p e r ir g h t a n c d o r n e r

5

c Y o o r d i n a t o t e h f u e p p e r ir g h t a n c d o r n e r

6

cX o o r d i n a tote h f u e p p e l e r h f ta n c d o r n e r

7

cY o o r d i n a tote h f u e p p e l e r h f ta n c d o r n e r

m on

st r at h es

ow

t t o ak a e bl an bu k

t t on an a d d t ex

t mo

t he o ut p u t .

S c r i p t 1 g –3

d _b

u tto n .p h p

C r eat

eF

1 . < ? 2 . $i m ag I = e m age 3 . $w

hi t = e I m ag

eC

ol or A l l oc a

r om

c t i on

. A d d i t i o n a l l y,

F i gu

re

eT

T F b o x( )

B O U N D I N BG O C X O O R D I N A T E c X o o r d i n a t o t e h f l eo w e l e r h f t a n c d o r n e r

i pt de

( ) f un

t f s o r t h c e o o r d i n at es i n b a o u n d i n g b o x

0

xt sc r

T F B b ox

x.

A R R A PY O S I T I O N

T hi ne s

u

t); en

t at i on t of he ar

u r n t s h c e o r n e r co

i pt i s:

P N G ( " bl an t e( $i m ag

e, 25

k_bl

ue_ 5, 25

bt t n. pn 5, 25

5) ;

g" ) ;

ak m e

an di y

f f ernt

bu

t t on

s. S e

F i gu

re1

- 5 f e an or

xam

pl o e f

4 . $ f o n t = "a ri a l . t t f "; 5 . i f ( ! i s e t ( $ t e xt ) ) { $ t e xt = "B U T T O N " ; } 6 . $s i"20 = ze 7 . $an

"; gl e=

" 0";

8 . $t ex t bo I = x m ag 9 . $t e xt b ox _w

eT

T F B bo

i dt h = a bs

x( $s

i ze

, $a

1 0 . $ t e xt b ox _h e i g a = ht

b s( $ t e xt bo

w i dt = h I m ageS

X ( $i m age)

1 2 . $i m age_

hei

ght I = m age

S Y ( $i m age) t bo

( $i m ag

e_

w i dt - h $t ex

1 4 . $y = ( $i m ag

e_

he

1 5 . I m ag

i gh

t - $t ex

1 6 . H ea de 1 7 . I m agePN

r ( " C on t en t - t yp G ( $i m age)

1 8 . I m age

D est

x_ x_

t);

; ;

he

e , $ si ze

i gh , $a

e: i m ag ;

$i m ag

t , $t ex

x[ 0 ] ) ;

w i dt h) / 2;

t bo

e T T F T e xt ( $ i m ag

r oy(

l e, $f on

x[ 7 ] - $t e xt b o x[ 1] ) ;

1 1 . $i m age_ 1 3 . = $x

ng

( $ t e xt b o x[ 2 ] - $ t e xt bo

t ) + / 2 $t ex

t bo

x_

n gl e , $ x, $ y, $w

e/ pn

g")

he

i gh

t;

h i t e , $f o n t , $ t ex

t);

;

e) ;

1 9 . ? >

F i g u r 1 e 1- 5. g d _b

S cri

p t1

- 3. g d _b

u t t o n . p h p L i n e- b y- L i n e E xp

L IN E

l an

at i o n

D E S C R IP T IO N

2

C r eat ne a e

3

D ef i ne t he $w

4

u tto n .p h p

w i m u age

25

, 25

A si

gn f a on

si t ng I he

hi t e var

, 25

) t be o

i abl

m ageC

e usi

used

t f i l t e o t he va

r eat

eF

ng t he I m ag

$i by

m ag

r i ab

l e $f on

eC

r om

P N G ( ) f unct

ol or A l l oc at

i on,

e( ) f unct

spec i i on.

f yi " ng

bl ank_bl

T he ar gum

ent

ue_b al s

bt n. png"

l ow

t he col

w or

t as ba he

i se

m age.

hi t e ( R G B val

ue

pt i e s xe

t ed

e. t . Y ou ne

ed t p o l ac

e t hi f s on

t f i l i e t n he sa

m d e i r ec

t f ory

r om

w hi ch t hi scri s

cu

.

I W n i nd ow s, yo ca u t n yp i ca l l f y i nd T r ue T yp f e on t f i l i es C n : \ W i nd ow s\ F on t or s C : \ W I N N T \ f on t s. Y ou ca u n a se T ny r ue f i l j e; u st m ak e su r e t eh f i l e n a m e t of h e T r ue T yp e f o n t h a t yo u co p i y n t o t h e sa m e di r e ct a ory t s ih sc s r i p t i d s ef i ne d he r e . 5

C he t ck s o e i f t he $t ex a p p a r e n t i the n

6

A s i f a gn

7

A si t b o "0 , e

8

C r eat

ont

gn a an

t va

n e xt sc

ng

l t e t o f he

t e he t ext

bo as i by x

l i e se s

t . I f i t i n s ot , t he a n si

gn t he st r i ng " B U T T O N " t $ o t ex

t . T he r ea

so f n t or hi w s

i l l be

r ip t.

si t ze t o $si he

si nc y e ou w an

r i ab

T yp f e on

var ze on

i abl t usi

t ng

t t h t e ex gn

e. $ he

an

t b o h e ori i ng t he val

gl va e zo

r i ab n t al ac

ue of t he f unct

l e. T hi ar s

gu

m en

r os t s he p ag i on I m ag

t i r s eq

ui r f ed

or t he I m ag

eT

T F bo var x

e ,w i tn h ao n g l e . eT

T F box(

) t o he var

i abl

$ e t ext

bo

x.

i ab

l e. Y a ou

si

i gn

t

t

L IN E

D E S C R IP T IO N

9

D et er m i ne t he w i dt o h f t he t ext f r om t ho

10

t he t ex

t bo

x' l s ow

ug t h he r esu

l t i ng nu

m be

i gh

t of t he t ext

D et er m i ne t he he f r o m t he t e xt bo

bo by x

l er ef t - ha

ge

nd co x r m b ay

n e eg

n dcy o

1

D et er m ti ne w he

12

D et er m i ne t he hei

13

D et er m i ne w he

r t e p o l ac e

w i dt o h f t he ba i se

m ag a e nd di vi di ng 2 by

14

yo

u r r es

ov

e r l a p . T h i s, o f c o

D et er m i ne w he t ex

t bo w x

l ef t - ha

nd co

e r l sp y

16

S t end

i he

17

D i spl

t ay i he

18

D est

r t oy

si lreus y l h os

of t he ent

T he ab

r d i na

sol

t ng I he usi by

r t e p o l ac e

ue of t he t ext

t he val y

l h s i gh

"t e xt"

r ne

r ( an n d ot t he up

pe

i m age

m headr age

usi

r wy

r er

i gh

, si nc

e yo

u w an

t o ha

t s he ne

ga

r r em bo

ove

t - ha

nd co x

r di na

ve a po t i s ve

x' u s p l er ef t - ha

gn

nd co y

t su e

bt r ac t

si t i ve nu

ed

m be

r , ev

en

.

or di na

t e sub

t r ac t

ed

i on.

Y ( ) f unct

i on. m ag b e sub y

el l i f yo

p 0 i xe

lw s

ve o s n e p i xe

t r ac t

i de

i gh

t of t he t ex

l d gi ve yo

u a va

l ue f 1 of

r l ef t - ha

nd co

r ne

t bo

l on e i t h si er

t or he co y r as yo

ov

ordi

na

u m i gh

t as

t bo w x 8 as

bo f x r om

pi xe

lw s

t b o f x o r t h e ba

i de

t he , t he

n

se i m a ge t o

r b a se i m a g e. t r ac t

i ng t he t ext

e, i f yo bas ur t H e.

su

ur t ex

d e o f t he t ex

m ag b e sub y

x. A ab s

i ng t he w i dt o h f t he t ext

, an yo d

u r t e xt bo i x l s a r g e r t h a y n ou

ir n el at i on t o he ba i se

ng t he I m age

t s t o user he m age,

he i m age

$i m age, f r om

br ' s t hat

T T F T ext

ver

ow

n in

t ex

ow

ser

you

t he ser

e t hi s s cr i pt , as sh

ve

r al bu

, a i s n t h e f o l l o w i n g sh

S cr i p t 1

x' l s ow

bo he x

i e m ag w e 1 as e yo

i gh

t f r om

p 0 i xe

ow

ev

er, si nc

u sp

ec

m e), yo

u ne

ed t o al so ad

d t he he

t he x, val y

ue t s hat h you

ave

l hi s

i f t y he l ow i gh

t he ba

se

gh an yo d

ur

er

t of t he t ex

t bo

x,

( ) f un

c t i on

. Y ou use

j ust

det

er m i ned

to

ac t e h t e e xt i n r e l a t i o t n o t he b as i e m a g e.

t / g d _ t e xt . p h p?

al l se

S X ( ) f unct

i m ag w e 1 as

ue of t he t ext ou

be

ir n el at i on t o he ba i se

. I f yo base ur

. T he a n d t he he

, t hi w s

ue of n a um ue of t he t ext

ng t he I m ageS

, d o e n s o t w ve ork

c t i on

ut e val

m age

. ha

m em

c r ve

eat

t t on on s o r t sc

e d .

or y, si i nce

al t has

r b eady

F i gu

re1

- 6 ad , by

en

sent

di a ng

t o he br ow

par m

et er t o U he

ser

.

R L—

f or exam

pl e,

t= H O M E .

F i g u r 1- e

Y ou c a a n l c so

s( ) val

bo

s( ) f un

t e.

usi by

i r i e m age t he val x

u r se

t o he base

pro

n ea

at i ve.

l ue of t he t ext

e t he ab

u v a al ue of 9.

A d t he t ext

ht t p : / / l o ca

nt i r i e m age

t an d d i vi di ng 2 by

as 8 pi xe

gi vi ng yo 15

ut va e

t e. Y ou us

ul t i n g p x o si t i o n f o r t he t e xt w o u l d be a t 1 . T h i l s ea

i m ag h e ei gh

Y ou c a

ght

sol

na

bo b x g y et t i ng t he ab

x' l s o w e r l e f t - ha i dt of h te he

t t i ng t he ab ordi

6. g d _t ex

on p e ag u e si ng t he H T M < L i m g> t ag an s r i p t .S e e

–4 b u t t o n s. h t m l

F i gu

re1

- 7 f exam or

ref d

t . p h p ? t ex

t =H

O M E

ernc

m sc e

r i pt us

pl o e ut pu

i ng t he sa t.

i ng di f f ern

t va

l ue f s or

1 .
tm l>

2 . 3 .< t it le > B u t t o n s ! < / t it le > 4 .
hea

d>

5 . 6 .
8 .
. ph

t t on

_b

?t ext . ph

t t on

. ph

ut t on

. ph

=H

O M E " ><

?t ext ?t ext p?

=G =N

t ext

br >

A M E S " >< E W S " ><

br > br >

= LI N K S " >

y>

1 1 . < / ht m l >

F ig u r e1

C r eat

i n g R ect

I a n d d i t i o t n tex o w i t h t he sa I m ag

eF

T he ar gu

an

g l es w i t h G D

a n l d i n e s, yo c u a a n l so e a si l u y se G D t c o r e a t rec

m e argum

en

i l l ed

R ec

t an

m en

t s I o m ag

$i m ag

t s o c r ea gl e($i eR

e—

- 7. b u t t o n s. h t m l

t e an un

m ag ec t

an

e, $x

f i l l ed r ec 1c

o

r d, $y

gl e( ) an I d m ag

T he i m ag h e an

t an

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L IN E

l an

at i o n

D E S C R IP T IO N

2

C he t ck se o

3–15

P r i nt out st a

i e f t he $rend an

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L IN E 39

–4

D E S C R IP T IO N 3

U f a se

or l o t p l o o t p hr ou

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l ue

m as

i d er

46

t ba

D et er m i ne t he ho

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st nu

hi t es

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m be

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t yo

cu

r c en

py 80 pe

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D et erm

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ba

en

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t you

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50–

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aki t o oc

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r a ay

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r t by

D et er m i ne t he w i dt o h f t he ba sp

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r on t he graph

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47

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t h s e i ze o f t h v e al ue m ul t i p l i ed b t y eh sca l e. I f t h v e a l u w e a 1 s 0, t h en i t w o ul a d u t o m at i c a l l b y s e c a l ed d ow t n 8 o . Y o t u h e n su b t r a ct t h e o y f f se t ( f o r t he ex t r a sp a ce a t h e b o t t om f o r t e xt ) a dn t he o ve r a l l h e i g h t o f t he i m ag e ( b ec au se t he G D l i bray u se t s h top e sh

ou

bu 52

r n e r o f t h e i m a g e a t s h e 0 , 0 p o i n t i n st e a d o f t h e l o w e r l e f t c o t he T O P of t he i m ag

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L IN E

D E S C R IP T IO N

65

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t ai so ns

t he co t ha

t f orw

r a s r c e r e a t ed w he y n o u u n zi t p he f i l e:

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w P H P ex

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t an ory

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c d o m p i l t e h s e ou

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he di f f ernt m d e es

p f i l e i s n t h e t e st d i r e ct o r y. U se t he - q f l a g t o su

w i dg kt op p

et t s g o et b a r i ef i de o a f w ha ) on t he l ef t an i d W n r e ps

i nd

r i nt i ng H T T P h ea

ow

t he d y o.

2 s 0 o 0 t n he r i gh d i er n f orm

t.

a tio n to th e

).

T o p

C r eat

i n g B asi

T he G T K e + xt ensi G T K + l i bra PH .

on ian s

obj

y. I f yo h u av

C r eat

en

an m d

c r c an

eat

a n f y l a vo se o d pe od

ec t

or i ent

ed pr og

r am

on so e

, yo m u

an e

P y H P G T K ap

pl i c at

r o s f U N I X , t h at l e a ve u s w s i f i ca

s

t i on

em

u s se . so l i bra

, yo

u m us

an

W i nd i ons,

m you

H P .Y ou ne

t d u o O se

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ac t k o

ust

t el lP H P w hi G ch

f l i bra i

e s. W i n d ow t yo ap ur

na

d l of oa

m im c

si on t P o

a ax

C ha

nd st r uct

ur t es u o t se

pt er 1 an

r d evi

ew

he

t he m at er i al ab

ou

tO O P i n

ow

. S i nc y e ou w an

de a dy

en

t g o a o l l t he w b ay

i t t h w t o yp o es i es

t provi

m i ng ( O O P ) ext w ay

r Fi r st P H P G TK

r at i ng syt

w i t ho m ut

T K O b j ect

' t al r ea d dy

i ng Y ou

B ef or you e ba

Gc

et ho

pl i c a

T K l i br ar w you y u s se d s yn

ant

t use o

a m i l c i l nk

. S i G nce

i b r a r i es

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t i on t b o a e bl t e b o u e se o d b n ot t h yp o es

di ng t he l i bra

da

r d m et ho

Wn

l l e Dd f op

erat

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i nd

ow

i ng syt

i es

. T he st an

p po

r t f o r t h e se ot h e r pl a t f o r m i s a s d d ed

s

L L s. M o st *ni

x

em

s

ng t hi i s s:

i f (! c l a s s _ e x i s t s (' g t k ' ) { i f ( st r t o u p

e r ( su

b st r ( P H P _ O S , 0 , 3 ) ) = = ' W I N ' )

l d(' p h p _ g t k . d l l ' ); e l se d l (' p h p _ g t k.so

' );

}

S id Ne I f yo

o te

u i n t en

d f o r yo

i l n at er ver

u r sc ri

p t t o r u n o n pl a t f o r m o s t h e r t ha

si on of s P H P G T K ) , t he yo n

mu

ust

en

sur

n Li nu o x r W i nd

t e ha

t he pr op

o w (i s f su

er P H P G T K l i br ar i y l s oa

de u d si ng t he sam

me

an

ai w n

i nd

ne

r as

above.

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p e ar t of an P y H P G T K ap

nt ai ne

Th ba e $w

r i nt o w hi ch yo

si w c i ndow

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t ha

w i n do

i ndow

c l i as

& = new

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t you

ha a ve

w by c l i c ki

u pl ac

pl i c at

P n H P G TK i ndow

w i nd

i on it s he m ai w n

e yo ot ur

he

r w i dg

Gi s

t kW

i nd

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al a s r e ge

yo n u e t d c o on

ow

ca

r al ul y se ne

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m ust

pr ovi

" i t n h u e p p r er

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r n e r o ft h w e

ct t he si gn

r i np

ut , an al t t o he ca

d ca

l l ba l l ba

c ks c k.

l l b a ck :

$ w i n d o w - > co

ap

pl i c at

i on you

w i ndow

obj

c r ea

t sh e

ou

l h d ave

ma

ow

t ha

t ac t a as s

a e new

ec

t l i k e th i s :

();

n t g h "X e

ne

. E ac h

( ) . Y ou c r eat

W eh n yo u cl i t ck eh " X " i n P a H P G T K ap pl i ca t i on , t w o si gn F o r no w w e ' l l j u st co cn en t r a t o e t n h d e e st r o si y g an l . S i gn

ow

et s.

n n e c t ( ' d e st r o y' , ' d e st r o y' ) ;

f are

un

i nd

r t oy

ha

t w i nd

o w ( so

al a s r e se

ct i on t s ha

ow

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ost

m L e i nu d x e skt nt t o t he ap

t yo

T d o t o hi s, yo u u se t he co

pl i c a

op

er at i ng syt

o p p s r ov t i on

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se si gn

u c r ea

t e t o do so

m et hi ng i n r es

n

t ( ) m et ho

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ec

em

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t co

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al a s r d e el et e_

po

ns

de

st r a oy

nt r o l ) . ev

en

t an d d es

e t o t he us i er np T

co o

n

ut . H ow ec t

th

t r oy

ev

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er,

e d e st r o si y

g n a lt o

o u r d e st r o y

T he f i r st argum yo

en

u w a t nt o ca

t i t s he na

l l i n r es

f u n c ti o n d e str

po

m o e f t he si gn

n se t o t he si g na

al t ha

t i se s

l . T o ke

nt P by

H P G T K . T he se

co

nd argum

en

t i t s he na

ep t hi n gs si m pl e , w e ' l l n a m e t h e f u n ct i on ( ca

m o e f t he f un

l l b ac ' k) de

c t i on ( c a

l l ba

c k)

t ha

t

st r o y' .

o y() {

G t k: : m a i n _ q u i t ( ) ; } T h e G t k: : m ai n_ N ow

q u i t ( ) ; i s t h e P H P G T K f un

w cr have e

eat w a ed

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i r t es

$w

i nd

ow

- > sh

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l l y, yo

u ne

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m a i n ( );

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an

ow

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or t e hi ngs

d pr ovi

t b o d e one

t ki l l s t h e ap

de

p l i ca

t i o n.

d a m e a ns f o r t h e u se

. F i r st , w n e e d

t sh o

ow

r t o g e t r i d t of h e w i n d ow

t he w i ndo

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wa

. B u t w e st i l l c a

i nd

ow c a by

n ' t r un t he a p

l l i ng t he show

_a

l i ca

t io n .

l l ( ) m et hod

:

ll( ) ;

ed t o st art t he ev

en

t se

qu

en

c e ( po

l l i ng ev

en

t s?

) by c a

l l i ng t he sp

ec

i al P H P G T K f un

ct i on m ai n()

:

o te

Y ou m ust

be

gi yo n

ur sc r

P H P G T K t o j ust

W he

i ndow w mo

ct i on t ha

n w e pu

ec h

t i t al l t og

S cr i p t 12

i pt w s

t o he en

et he

r , yo

- b 1 asi

i t t h he f ul l"
u ge

c_w

ph

p" t ag w he u n si ng P H P G T K . U si ng t he sho

i pt t o t he scr

t

e

S c ri

n i nst

ea o d f c r ea

p t1 2 - 1

, ba

t i ng a G T K w i nd

si c_w

i nd

ow

. ph

ow

r t ha

nd "
" m c a ay

use

.

p.

in d o w .p h p

1 .
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4 .

p p er(

su

bs

t r ( P H P _O

S ,0 ,3 ) ) = = ' W I N ' )

d l (' p h p _ g t k . d l l ' );

5 .

e l se

6 .

d l (' p h p _ g t k . s o ' );

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{

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i ndow

& = new

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();

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ow

- > sho

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ll( ) ;

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if pt r om

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c_w u l t sh

t he co i ndo

m m an

d l i ne ( r em

em

be

r , yo

u ne

ed t o ad

-2

. Y ou c a

d t he f ul lpa

t h t o t he P H P ex

ec

ut ab

l e i f i t ni s i ot n t he cu

r r en

t di r ec

w . ph

o u l l d o o si k

m ila rt o

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r e 12

n c l os

F i g u r 12 e

e t he w i nd

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ow

by c l i c ki

ng t he " X i " n t he up

i c_w

in d o w .p h p

pe

r r i gh

t co

r ne

r.

t ory)

:

S cr i p t 12

- 1. b as

i c_

w i n d o w . p h p L i n e- b y- L i n E e xp

L IN E I f t he G T K cl ha as no C t heck

f he

4

I fi W t i s

I N ,t hen

5–7

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H P _O

10

no s

syt he

em

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, t hen

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c t i on

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t e G he

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unct

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ne

w he

n t he us cl er

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t e he sh

14

C al tlG he

ng G a

ac t

er of s t P he

r i s uni

W ng

r onm

l i br ar y.

p r i n t i n g o u t "H

d n ef i ned

i r st t hr char e

P H P G TK

T eh si m pl es ge t t he progam

t be

ex c u

t l e i3 nes

–7.

I f t he G T K cl ha as

be s

en de

f i ned

, t hen

t he scr

i pt ne t eds

do o

t h i n g.

3

A di

at i o n

D E S C R IP T IO N

2

8–

l an

, de

ent

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ar at i on.

w w obij ndow

ec

ow

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tca

c t i on c a

var

i abl

H P G TK

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as um

e.

l i br ar f y or W i ndow

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i pt w he c n al l ed

st o t op scr he

l $wli ed

ent

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t st op t s he scr

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s. o ng

a n Li syt nux

em

l oad

t he Li nux

.

i pt cl and

t ose

G he

TK

w i ndow

.

ow

t o he de

st r oy(

t of t he w i nd

l l t t o he $w

tr o un t he scr

i nd

ow

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) f un

ct i on t ha

t you

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f i ne e d ar l i er . T he de

st r m oy

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l ed

. j ec

t so

ha

t ev

eryt

hi ng w i t hi t n he ob

j ec

t id s

sp

l ay

ed

.

i pt .

B ut t on

t an m d os t ba si ex c am t o pri tn ou t he w "H ords

pl i e a n l l of prog el l o, W orl

r am m i ng i t s eh H el l W o d! " W e g are oi gn t o en ah

orl e d xa nc o e H ur

m pl e. T he go al of t he ex am el l o W orl d prog am sl i gh

e l l o W o r l d , " l e t ' a s d d t h a t t e xt t o a b u t t o n . W h e n t h e b u t t o n i c s l i c k e d , w e ' l l c l o se o u r a p p l i c a

l o o k a t t h e b r i e f l i n e -by

and

ndow.

et ho o d f t he w i nd

t k: : m ai n( ) m et hod

TK

i e not s

he " X " on t he t op r i gh l l ( ) f un

r onm

s. t Load

ui t ( ) m et t hod

decli on

S envi

i ndow i abl

( ) , t ha

t k: : m ai n_q

ct t he de

var

H P _O

- l i n e e xp

S c r i p t1 2 - 2 h e l l o . p h p

l a n a t i o n f o de r

t a i l s.

F i gu

r e 12

- 3 sho

w t s he ou

t pu

t of t he scr

pl e, i f yo d u i dn ' t kn ow , i t s o t l y. I ns t ea d of m erl y t i o n . T r o y u t t h i e s xa

i pt i L n i nu an x

id Wn

i nd

m p l e ,t h e n ow

s.

1 .
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4 . 5 .

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bs

t r ( P H P _O

S ,0 ,3 ) ) = = ' W I N ' )

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6 .

d l (' p h p _ g t k . s o ' );

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G t k: : m a i n _ q u i t ( ) ;

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n cti o n h e l l o () {

12.

gl oba

13. 14.

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l$w

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w ;

1 5 . } 1 6 . $w

i ndow

& = new

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i ndow

();

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ut t on = & ne

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i nd

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ow

w G t kB

- > ad ow

ut t on

( ' H el l W o

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orl

d! ' ) ;

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ll( ) ;

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F i g u r 12- e

3. h el l o . p h i p L n i n u ( x G n o m e) an W d

in d o w s

S cri

p t 12

- 2. h el l o . p h p L i n e- b y- L i n e E xp

L IN E 2

I f t G he

T K cl ha as

do no

t hi ng

3

C t heck

f he

i r st t hr char e

4

I fi Wti s

I N ,t hen

sy he

5–7

I f t P he

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S envi

8–

10

l i br ar y.

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– 1 4

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14

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17

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I s ue

2

C al Gtl he

M od

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T eh syn ( bu t t on

t f ax c r or s, w i nd

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i nd

ow

T hi w s i ndo

ou

var

S envi

i ndow i abl

, t ha

–7.

r onm

s. t Load

i e not s

I f t G he

ent

P he

t pri

as um

i pt w he

var

t ewa

be s

de n

f i ne

d, t hen

t scr he

i pt ne

t ds

o

l ed

i pt cl and

n t t s he t ex

or l d! " t S o TD

l i br ar f y or W i ndow

s.

P H P ri s uni

o ng L a n

siyt nux

em

and

l oad

t L he

i nux

st r oy'

m et ho

. t ose

G he

TK

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m and

l fi ne

r om

w hi excut you ch

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t " H el l o W o r l d ! " hi f s unct

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ct al $ l ed

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t ed scr he

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w .

d of t he w i nd

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t obj on

ec t

c al

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m et hod i ndow

usi

w _a

l l ( ) f un

c t i on c al

Wc

ow

r i p t , yo

t on t o he he

t ng ad( he

l l o( ) f un

c t i on

i nd

me

al l est

et ho

ds.

i g h t ) m e t h od

ef au

( 20

i ze t ha

0, 20

t i 2 s 0 pi xe

f i ne

d ea

r l i er . T he ' de

d cia s

ow

ob

j ec t

so t ha

t ev

r yt hi ng w i t hi n t he ob

ar an

di s i spl

aye

d.

ce ca am

si ze po

F exam or

si

bl e w he

pl e, i f you

w an

n c r ea t ed t se o

us t e eh bo are y pl e, t eh co a ll—

t cl h n

d t a ef au

m od l t si f ze

:

l b s 2 y 0 pi xe

l s. Y ou c a a n l so se w t a

i nd

ec

as se of s G a t ( ) m et oh d .

T K w i dg

i n f a ct , i t i o s n l a y s b i g a the s

t i ng i t . W e can

0);

t _t i t l e( " M P y H P G T K A P P " ) ;

j ec t

i pt .

et A p pe

t o t he sm

de

.

u w i l l n o t i c e t h a t t h e w i n d o w si ze i p s r e t t y sm ow

t you

) m et hod. lt o t he $w

( $ w i d t h , $ he l t _s

ct i on t ha

.

t on.

r o t un scr he

i dg

t o he de

t of t he w i nd

of t he but

t on t o w he

ow

e.

l ar at i on.

si ng som

i nd

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t e hat

n c al

st o t op scr he

t by ed

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t he w i nd

et u by

t _d

T K cl ha as

H P G TK

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t s op t s he scr

t ( ) m et t hod

t k: : m ai n( ) m et t hod

i nks

l t _ si ze

w - >se

t l e i 3 nes

t i ng bu t t on an s w d i nd ow l s o ve ks r si y m i l ar. T ah t i be s s, et c. ) ha ce s r t ai m n et oh a ds va i l ab l t e t o eh m — f or ex

w i dg

l c d r ea

ex c u

H P _O

ec t ac es t be o

t he ' cl i cked'

t he sho

ow

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ent

obj

but

ec t

se P H P shr e f au

r onm

l l o ( ) , t ha

i t c ks

u r u n t h e h e l l o . p h p sc

t _d

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ct t he ' de

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se

ri s uni

st r oy()

w w i ndo

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ow

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t deci on

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19

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ac t

" H el Wl o

C r eat new a e

c au

f i ne

l ar at i on.

c t i on

be

de n

t k: : m ai n_qui

D e f i n a e f un

ea

be

t deci on

18

$w

not s

P H P G TK

E xec ut

I f yo

at i o n

.

9

1

l an

D E S C R IP T IO N

ow

t i t l e:

i f t y he de or t he w i nd

f au

b u t t o n i n si d e i t . T h a t ' s l t ap

ow

et . E ac o h bj ec t

pe , you

ar an c ou

ce of t he lu d t se

he

l l ed

F i gu

r e 12

- 4 sh

ow

a s w i nd

ow

m od

F i g ur 12- e

T he

rae rme

an m y

h t t p : / / g t k.ph

T ex

tE n t r y

A d es

kt o p a p pl i c a

l i n e o f t e t xt o yo $t ex

t = 1 & ne

A t e xt en $l ab

ad

t ha

ve ou

l t e ha

ef au

w m od

t c an

af f ec t

se m et ho

l d n ' t b e t o o u se t i o n . T o c re

t _d

( ) an s d et _t i t l e() m et ho

pe

ar an a c e

nd be

er t m y

ha

ds

.

et ho

ds ( L i n a ux

vi or of G T K w i dg

et s. S e t he do

n Wd

c um

i n do

en

w s)

t at i on on

.

f u l i f yo

a t e a t e en xt

i ze

i f i ed w i t p h r op

t he ap ds

l t _s

u co

ul d n' t i n se

r t da

t a i n t o i t . G T K p r o vi de a s t ex

te n t r w y

i d g t et h al at

l ow

y s ou t o i np

u ta

t r fi y e l d :

nt r y( ) ; ' t r e a l l u y se

w G t kL

t w e ha

l ab

t ai l o s t n he

t i on w ou

t r f y i el i d sn

d() m ul t i pl e w i dg

4. W i n do

vai

u r a p p l i ca w G t kE

el 1 = & ne

N ow

et ho a ds

p . n e t f de or

i f i ed by t he se

ab r ne

f u lu n l e y s

el ( " A T ex w t ex

t en

ou ha

m we

a t y l o ab

e l i t . T h at ' w s

he

r t e he G t kL

a be

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23.

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25.

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28. 29.

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D E S C R IP T IO N

2

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L IN E

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41

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32

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L IN E

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43

I s ue

4

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t ev

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aye

d.

i pt .

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A S i m pl P e H P G TK T hi n s ext

ap

pl i c at

i on use

t he i r r es pe ct i f ve i n so m e of t he previ W he yo n 12-8

t ed m as

am

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T K w i dg

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al lap

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6 .

d l (' p h p _ g t k . s o ' );

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{

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;

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28.

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ne

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i n, f a l se

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ox-

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i nd

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st art

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); se r _b

ar t ( $p

( $vbo

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( $b

);

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x) ; 1);

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ox

as _

( $b

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F i g u r 12 e

S cr i p t 12

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sw

- 8. p as

o r d _g

en

w o r d _g

l an

at i o n

D E S C R IP T IO N I f t G he

T K cl ha as

n o t h i ng 3

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. p h p L i n e- b y- L i n e E xp

L IN E 2

en

C t heck

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be

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t l e i 3 nes

–7.

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L IN E

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4

I fi Wti s

I N ,t hen

5–7

I f t P he

H P _O

8–

10

S envi

r onm

ent

D ef i ne a f un

c t i on

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10

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7

ri s uni

l i br ar y.

E xec ut

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13

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14

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er user ed

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r na

nam

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pas w

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al t so var

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or obj

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ed

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