Power Plant (Chapter 70) A 319: A 320: A 321:
CFM 56-5-B rated at 23,500 lbs. thrust (flat rated to ISA+30º) CFM 56-5-B rated at 27,000 lbs. thrust (flat rated to ISA+29º) CFM 56-5-B rated at 31,000 lbs. thrust (flat rated to ISA+15º)
OPERATING CONDITION TAKEOFF and GO AROUND MCT
TIME LIMIT 5 mn 10 mn
EGT LIMIT
NOTE
950°
unlimited
915°
Only in case of engine failure
STARTING
725°
OIL - Max continuous temperature - Max transient temperature (15 min) - Minimum starting temperature - Minimum temperature for takeoff - Minimum oil quantity - Minimum oil pressure (at ground idle)
140° C 155° C - 40° C - 10° C 9,5 qts 13 psi
9,5 qts. + estimated consumption 0,5 qt/hr Min for dispatch (Vol. 2 Cap. 6-10-7) Oil pressure: The digital indication pulses if: • oil pressure exceeds 90 psi (increasing) or 85 psi (decreasing). • oil pressure drops below 16 psi (decreasing) or 20 psi (increasing) The indication turns red and a warning appears on ECAM if the oil pressure drops below 13 psi. Oil temperature: Pulses green above 140° C, becomes amber when above 140° C for more than 15 min. or above 155° C without delay.
ENG. BLEED PRESS: normally displayed green bleed press turns amber below 21 PSI VIB indication: The N1 and N2 indications are normally green. N1 pulses above 6 and N2 pulses above 4.3.
FADEC FADEC controlled (Full Authority Digital Engine Control) (Vol. 1 Cap. 70-20-03) -
detects a hot start, a hung start, a stall or no light up announces Fault and identifies the fault in the ECAM message runs and abort sequence if a start aborts on the ground • closes the HP valve • closes the start valve • turns off ignition • cranks the engine crank after the start abort in order to clear out fuel vapors • controls any additional start attempts.
For an inflight start, FADEC decides whether the eng. is windmilling fast enough or needs assistance from starter in view of current eng parameters and inflight enviroment parameters. Each FADEC is a two channel computer with one channel active and the other used as backup called A & B. Each FADEC has its own alternator that powers it once N2 is above 12% value, if the alternator fails normal ships power will take over. By the way the FADEC are powered automatically for 5 min. after the electrical power is applied to the aircraft and provide some eng. indications the E/WD. After 5 min. the FADEC shuts down automatically and all the eng. Indications change from normal to amber. When ignition start is selected, the FADECs are powered again. A total FADEC failure leads to an engine failure. Three idle modes: ¬ Modulated: ¬ Approach: ¬ Reverse:
Varies with demand, in flight with flaps at 0 Depends only on altitude, activated when flaps not at 0 Selected when on ground and thrust levers at idle, slightly higher than forward idle.
Five Thrust Lever Detents: ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬ ¬
TOGA: FLX/MCT: CL: IDLE: FULL REV:
Takeoff go-around Flex takeoff, Max continuous Climb thrust Idle thrust for forward and reverse Maximum reverse thrust
Continuous ignition provided automatically (with Mode selector in NORM) when: ¬ Engine ANTI ICE on ¬ Engine flameout inflight detected ¬ EIU fails Continuous ignition may be selected manually by positioning the ENG MODE selector to IGN/START
Normal Start Sequence: Note: start ENG 2 first to pressurize Yellow Hydraulics for parking brake ¬ ENG Mode selector to IGN/START - Pack valves close ¬ ENG Master switch to ON (after amber X’s go away) - Fuel used reset - Start valve open - Bleed pressure indication green - At 12% FADEC self powered - Oil Pressure rise - At 16 % ignition ON (A or B) - At 22% starts fuel flow - At 50% start valve closes, ignition off - Engine idle should stabilize at about 58% and gray background disappears indicating that the start sequence is finished ¬ ENG mode selector to NORM Normal Idle – 2,4,6,3 – Approx. 20% N1, 400° C EGT, 60% N2, 300 (275)Kg/hr FF Manual Start Sequence: ¬ ENG Mode selector to IGN/START ¬ ENG MAN START pb ON ¬ At Max Motoring (min. 20% N2) select ENG Master switch ON Fuel and ignition will begin when ENG Master selected ON At 50% start valve closes, ignition off ¬ At idle, about 58%, ENG MAN START pb OFF ¬ ENG mode selector to NORM Dry Cranking: (Vol. 1 Cap. 70-80-6) ¬ ENG Mode to CRANK ¬ ENG MAN START pb ON Flight crew can stop the dry cranking by setting the MAN START pb to OFF. N2 background “grays out” during start, returns to normal when stabilized at idle (58% N2) Ignition A or B will show on SD during normal start, A & B during manual start Warm up and cool down periods: Run engines at or near idle for 2 mins. and run engine for 5 mins. before applying takeoff thrust, run engines at least 3 mins. after landing. Ignition for Starting: On the ground: - Automatic Start • only one igniter fires, • the FADEC automatically alternates the igniters used on successive starts, • the ignition comes on automatically when N2 reaches 16% and cuts off automatically when reaches 50 % - Manual Start • both igniters start firing when Master switch is switched ON • both stop firing when N2 reaches 50 % Inflight:
•
both igniters start firing when Master switch is switched ON
Max N1 during taxi 40 % T/O power set before 80 Kts Reverse idle at 70 Kts Reverse stowed at 30 Kts ENG 1 (2) REVERSER FAULT : If this ECAM warning is triggered at eng shut down it can be considered as spurious one and consequently does not need to be reported in the aircraft logbook. ENG 1 (2) FADEC A (B) FAULT: Loss of one channel of FADEC. Some cases of spurious have been experienced at eng. start on ground. The warning cn be considered as spurious if it disappears after application of the following procedure: - Set the master lever to OFF and wait until N2 speed goes below 5%. - Pull and reset the C/B of the affected ECU electrical supply A4 or A5 on VU49 or R41 or Q40 on 121 VU) - Wait for the ECU power-up sequence and restart the eng. ENG DUAL FAILURE: The optimum airspeed to allow an effective windmilling start is 300 kt, in case of speed indications failure (volcanic ash) the pitch attitude for optimum relight speed is – 4.5° (for weights above 50 T add 1° for each T).
