4G TECHNOLOGY Presenting by : Bhuvaneshwari Reddy.S
Purnima.K Btech III year- ECE
Btech III year -ECE
P Indra Reddy Memorial Engg. College
P Indra Reddy Memorial Engg. College
Email id :
[email protected]
Email id :
[email protected]
Contact no. : 8019101682
Contact no. : 8790650078
ABSTRACT : Mobile communication systems revolutionized the way people communicate. Evolution of wireless access technologies is about to reach its fourth generation.
Looking
past,
wireless
access
technologies have followed different evolutionary paths aimed at unified target : Performance and Efficiency in high mobile environment. The first generation (1G) has fulfilled the basic mobile voice, while the second generation
(2G) has
introduced capacity and coverage, later the third generation (3G) which has a quest for data at
It wont be just the phone networks that need to evolve, the increased traffic load on the internet as a whole will need to expand, with faster backbones and oceanic links requiring major upgrade. Bandwidth will always be the limiting factor in the development of applications and devices. Hence the short fall of 3G networks is clear, its just not fast enough, offering 384kbps doesn’t meet the requirements of what the users expects now a days. The evolution from 3G to 4G will be driven by services that offer better quality (video or sound)
higher speeds to open the gates for truly “Mobile
i.e greater bandwidth, more sophistication in the
Broadband” experience which will be further
association of a large quantity of information.
realized
by the fourth generation. The fourth
generation (4G) will provide access to wide range of telecommunication services, advanced mobile services, supported by fixed networks, along with support of low to high mobility services and wide range of data rates.
Technology companies with 4G networks are knocking the door and mobile operators are beginning to answer. 4G networks and Next Generation Networks (NGNs) are becoming fast and very cost effective solutions for those wanting an IP built high speed data capacities in the mobile network.
INTRODUCTION : The fourth generation of mobile networks will truly turn the current mobile phone networks in to end to end IP based networks. If 4G is implemented correctly, it will truly harmonise global roaming, super high speed connectivity on every mobile communication device in the world. 4G is set to deliver 100mbps to a roaming mobile device globally and up to 1gbps to a stationary device.
Some possible standards for the 4G system are 802.20, WiMAX, HSDPA, UMTS and proprietary networks from Arraycomm Inc., Navini Networks, Flarion Technologies and 4G efforts in India, China, and Japan.
KEY 4G TECHNOLOGIES :
ASSUMED FEATURES OF 4G :
The design is such that the 4G will be based on
The 4G system was originally envisioned by the
OFDM
Division
Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency
Multiplexing ), which is the key enabler of 4G
(DARPA). The DARPA selected the distributed
Technology. Other technology aspects of 4G are
architecture and end-to-end Internet protocol, and
adaptive processing and smart antennas, both of
believed at an earlier stage in peer-to-peer
which will be used in 3G networks and enhance
networking in which every mobile device would be
rates when used in with OFDM. OFDM is designed
both a transceiver and a router for other devices in
to send data over hundreds of parallel streams, thus
the network, eliminating the spoke and hub
increasing the amount of information that can be
weakness of 2G and 3G cellular systems. In 4G
sent at a time over traditional CDMA networks. 4G
systems, the circuit switched infrastructure is
data rates will vary depending on the number of
abandoned and only a packet switched network is
channels that are available. 4G networks will also
provided, while 2.5G and 3G systems require both
use smart antenna technology.
packet switched and circuit switched network
(
Orthogonal
Frequency
nodes, i.e. two infrastructures in parallel. This
OFDM :
means that in 4G, traditional voice calls are
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing not
replaced by IP telephony. Cellular systems such as
only provides clear advantages for physical layer
4G allow seamless mobility, thus a file transfer is
performance, but also a framework for improving
not interrupted in case a terminal moves from one
layer performance by proposing an additional
cell to another. Hence 4G is described as MAGIC:
degree of free-dom. Using OFDM, it is possible to
mobile multimedia, anytime anywhere, global
exploit the time, space domain, frequency domain
mobility support, integrated wireless solution, and
and even the code domain to optimize radio
customized personal service.
channel usage. It ensures very robust transmission in multipath environments with reduced receiver
Some key features of 4G mobile networks are :
complexity. OFDM also provides a frequency diversity gain, improving the physical layer
(a).High usability : anytime, anywhere, and with
performance, It is also compatible with other
any technology.
enhancement technologies, such as smart antennas
(b).Support
and MIMO. OFDM modulation can also be
transmission cost.
employed as a multiple access technology. In this
(c).Personalization.
case, each OFDM symbol can transmit information
(d).Integrated services.
for
multimedia
services
at
low
to several users using a different set of subcarriers. This not provides additional flexibility for resource
CONCLUSION :
allocation, but also enables cross layer optimization
As the history of mobile communications shows,
of radio link usage.
attempts have been made to reduce a number of technologies to a single global standard. Projected 4G systems offer this promise of a standard that can be embraced worldwide through its key concept of integration. Future wireless networks
will need to support diverse IP multimedia applications to allow sharing of resources among multiple users. There must be a low complexity of implementation
and
an
efficient
means
of
negotiation between the end users and the wireless infrastructure. The fourth generation promises to fulfill the goal of PCC (personal computing and communication) a vision that affordably provides high data rates everywhere over a wireless network. The provision of megabit/s data rates to thousands of radio and mobile terminals per square kilometer presents several challenges. The key enablers are: • Sufficient spectrum, with associated sharing mechanisms. • Coverage with two technologies: parent (2G, 3G, and
WiMAX)
for
real-time
delivery,
and
discontinuous Pico cell for high data rate delivery. • Fixed-mobile convergence (for indoor service). • Network selection mechanisms.
REFERENCES : [1] http://www.four-g.net/index.html
[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G
[3] Advanced Wireless Communications: 4G Technologies by Savo G.Glisic
